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1.
PLoS One ; 19(5): e0303323, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38753737

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Despite the huge burden of sickle cell disease (SCD) among Nigerian children, the burden and outcome of respiratory illnesses remain undocumented. Thus, we aimed to describe the spectrum and outcome of respiratory illnesses among SCD childrenand adolescentadmissions in ten Nigerian tertiary hospitals. METHOD: A retrospective review of the SCD admission records of children and adolescents with a confirmed diagnosis of respiratory illnesses from 2012 to 2021 in ten tertiary health facilities across five geopolitical zones in Nigeria was conducted. The data, collectedbetween March and June 2023, included the age, sex, diagnosis, complications, duration and outcome of hospitalization. RESULTS: Of the 72,333 paediatric admissions, 7,256 (10.0%) had SCD; the proportion of SCD from the total admission ranged from 2.1 to 16.3% in the facilities. Of the 7,256 children and adolescents with SCD, 1,213 (16.7%) had respiratory morbidities. Lower respiratory disease was the most common (70.0%) respiratory entity and the majority were pneumonia (40.1.0%), followed by acute chest syndrome (26.7%). Seventeen (1.4%) patients died; all had lower respiratory diseases [(acute chest syndrome ACS (11, 64.7%), pneumonia; 5, 29.4%, and asthma (1, 5.9%). Based on the proportion of deaths among overall SCD, the 17 death cases contributed 9.4% (95% CI 5.9 to 14.5). Factors associated with deaths included duration of hospitalization less than 72 hours and lower respiratory tract diseases. CONCLUSION: Sickle cell disease is a major contributor to hospitalization among Nigerian children and adolescents, with high respiratory morbidity and mortality. Pneumonia and acute chest syndrome were associated with mortality, andthe highest risk of death within the first 72 hours.


Subject(s)
Anemia, Sickle Cell , Tertiary Care Centers , Humans , Anemia, Sickle Cell/complications , Anemia, Sickle Cell/epidemiology , Adolescent , Child , Nigeria/epidemiology , Male , Female , Retrospective Studies , Tertiary Care Centers/statistics & numerical data , Child, Preschool , Infant , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Respiratory Tract Diseases/epidemiology , Acute Chest Syndrome/epidemiology , Cost of Illness
2.
Perit Dial Int ; 38(1): 14-17, 2018.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29311194

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Costs of dialysis reported in countries where dialysis is government-funded are often those incurred by the state, and only a few take into account the financial burden to the family of the index patient. This study investigated the financial cost implication to families of pediatric patients on maintenance dialysis and how aid provided by the government alleviates their financial burden. METHODS: This descriptive cross-sectional study recruited 24 children on peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD), and a structured questionnaire was administered to the parents/caregivers of these patients to obtain information on their family size, total family income, cost of transportation, employment status of attending caregiver, and number of work days missed due to hospital visits. RESULTS: Complete data were available for 19 patients (7 on PD and 12 on HD). The mean age was 14 ± 6 years, and there were 11 males and 8 females. The average monthly income of the families recruited was 2,946 ZAR (261 USD). This amount included the contribution of a monthly state-provided social grant of 1,300 ZAR (115 USD) in 16/19 subjects. The average monthly expenditure of the HD and PD groups made up 27.1% and 4.9% of their average income. CONCLUSION: Transport cost for our patients on dialysis significantly impacts on the overall family income, especially for patients on HD, and, without government aid, the families of our patients would have far less money available for their daily needs.


Subject(s)
Cost of Illness , Health Expenditures/statistics & numerical data , Medical Assistance/statistics & numerical data , Renal Dialysis/economics , Adolescent , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Family , Female , Humans , Male , Social Class , South Africa , Surveys and Questionnaires
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