ABSTRACT
From the aerial parts of Scutellaria hastifolia, family Lamiaceae (Labiatae), seven neo-clerodane diterpenoids (hastifolins A-G) were isolated. The products are similar to the known scuteparvin and are characterized by being trans-cinnamoyl derivatives. Structures and stereochemistry were determined by intensive NMR investigation. Six of the products form three pairs of epimers at C-13. Hastifolins A-C showed significant antifeedant activity.
Subject(s)
Diterpenes, Clerodane/pharmacology , Feeding Behavior/drug effects , Scutellaria/chemistry , Spodoptera/drug effects , Animals , Diterpenes, Clerodane/chemistry , Diterpenes, Clerodane/isolation & purification , Larva/drug effects , Molecular Structure , Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, BiomolecularABSTRACT
Ninety-four components of the essential oils from aerial parts and capitula of Tanacetum vulgare subsp. siculum (Guss.) Raimondo et Spadaro were detected. Alpha-Thujone, beta-thujone and 1,8-cineole were the main constituents of the oils. The analysis allows the assignment of this Tanacetum species to the thujone chemotype.
Subject(s)
Oils, Volatile/chemistry , Tanacetum/chemistry , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry , Oils, Volatile/isolation & purification , SicilyABSTRACT
The volatile constituents of the flowerheads of Centaurea nicaeensis All., C. parlatoris Helder and C. solstitialis L. ssp. schouwii (DC.) Dostál were extracted by hydrodistillation and analysed by GC and GC-MS. Altogether 113 components were identified. Fatty acids and hydrocarbons were the most abundant components in the oils. Caryophyllene and caryophyllene oxide were the main compounds of the sesquiterpene fraction. The study on the biological activity of the oils shows no significant activity.
Subject(s)
Centaurea/chemistry , Flowers/chemistry , Oils, Volatile/chemistry , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Bacillus subtilis/drug effects , Candida albicans/drug effects , Chromatography, Gas , Fusarium/drug effects , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry , Italy , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Oils, Volatile/pharmacology , Palmitic Acid/chemistry , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Plant Oils/chemistry , Plant Oils/pharmacology , Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/drug effects , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/drug effects , Sesquiterpenes/chemistry , Terpenes/chemistryABSTRACT
Atractyligenin (1) and several synthetic derivatives were tested and found to be active against tumor cell replication. Compound 1 was readily converted to the 2,15-diketo (3) or 15-keto (4) derivatives, which contain an alpha,beta-unsaturated ketone. Compounds 3 and 4 showed significant cytotoxic activity against all six tested cancer cell lines and were most potent against 1A9 ovarian cancer cells with EC50 values of 0.2 and 0.3 microM, respectively. These two 1-analogues are promising lead compounds for further investigation.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic , Atractyloside/analogs & derivatives , Diterpenes, Kaurane , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemical synthesis , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification , Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology , Asteraceae/chemistry , Atractyloside/pharmacology , Diterpenes, Kaurane/chemical synthesis , Diterpenes, Kaurane/isolation & purification , Diterpenes, Kaurane/pharmacology , Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor , Female , Humans , Lamiaceae/chemistry , Molecular Structure , Ovarian Neoplasms , Plants, Medicinal/chemistry , Tumor Cells, CulturedABSTRACT
The phytochemical investigation of the acetone and methanol extracts of the flowers of Magydaris tomentosa (Desf.) DC afforded six known coumarins as well as (+)-meranzin hydrate (7), not previously reported as a natural product. The antibacterial activity of umbelliprenin (1), osthol (2), imperatorin (3), citropten (4) and (+)-meranzin hydrate (7) was tested against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. All coumarins (1-7) isolated in this study inhibited growth of all bacterial strains tested (MIC between 16 and 256 microg/mL), the most active being imperatorin (3) (MICs between 32 and 128 microg/mL) and citropten (4) (MICs between 16 and 256 microg/mL). The anticoagulant activity of compounds 1-4 and 7 was also evaluated.