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1.
J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg ; 76: 180-188, 2023 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36521264

ABSTRACT

The most frequently described breast-sharing procedure consists in a pedicled technique where the transferred lower breast pole is based on the lower perforators of the internal mammary (IM) artery. The current article investigates the vascular supply of the breast and its surgical implications in breast-sharing reconstruction. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance images of 55 patients (110 breasts) were retrospectively examined. A total of 473 branches of the IM, lateral thoracic (LT) and anterior intercostal (AI) arteries with a diameter greater than 0.5 mm were traced throughout their course in the breast. Distinct connections between the vessels were equally recorded. Although any vessel could vascularise any quadrant in the individual patient, blood supply to the lower quadrants came fundamentally from the AI arteries (76.2% of all the perforators). Lower IM branches (4th-5th) were seen to reach both lower quadrants in only 6.4% of the breasts, whereas LT branches did in 15.5%. In 86.4% of the breasts, at least a distinct AI perforator was seen to perfuse both lower quadrants. Well-defined connections between the IM and the LT arteries were observed in 41.8% of the breasts, always at or above the nipple-areola level. Other connections were far less common. Our study strongly indicates that the breast-sharing technique based on 4th-5th contralateral branches of the IM or LT arteries is unreliable in most patients. Given the unpredictable vascularization pattern in the lower breast pole, a preoperative imaging study is mandatory when the use of the contralateral breast is considered. Due to its accuracy, availability, and anatomical reliability, contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance is the best technique in the preoperative evaluation of the breast-sharing reconstruction.


Subject(s)
Mammaplasty , Mammary Arteries , Humans , Retrospective Studies , Reproducibility of Results , Breast/diagnostic imaging , Breast/surgery , Breast/blood supply , Mammaplasty/methods , Nipples/surgery , Mammary Arteries/surgery , Mammary Arteries/anatomy & histology
2.
Cir. plást. ibero-latinoam ; 48(3): 329-338, jul.-sep. 2022. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-211346

ABSTRACT

Introducción y objetivo: Los encondromas son los tumores primarios más comunes en las falanges de las manos. Cuando son descubiertos en pacientes asintomáticos, el cirujano debe decidir entre tratamiento quirúrgico o actitud expectante. Hasta la fecha, no se dispone de indicadores radiológicos establecidos que determinen el riesgo de fractura patológica. Pretendemos conocer la utilidad de dos parámetros de radiografía simple, adelgazamiento cortical y área ósea ocupada por tumor, como predictores de fractura patológica. Material y método: Estudio retrospectivo, observacional y analítico, de casos y controles, realizado entre 2003 y 2017 con 18 pacientes operados por encondromas en falanges de manos, 9 de ellos asintomáticos (grupo A, control), y otros 9 con fractura patológica como debut (grupo B, casos). Con el objetivo de identificar los parámetros radiológicos asociados con fractura, analizamos sus radiografías preoperatorias anteroposteriores y laterales. Cuantificamos el área de hueso ocupada por tumor y el grado de adelgazamiento cortical en ambos grupos. Resultados: No encontramos diferencias significativas respecto al área de hueso ocupada por tumor (p > 0.1). Sin embargo, en el grupo B evidenciamos, de manera estadísticamente significativa, un mayor grado de adelgazamiento cortical (p < 0.1).La probabilidad de desarrollar fractura patológica se incrementa en falanges con mayor adelgazamiento cortical, tanto en radiografías anteroposteriores [Odds Ratio (OR) 16, Intervalo de Confianza (IC) 90% 1.97-130.24] (p=0.01) como en laterales (OR 7, IC 90% 1.21-40.62) (p=0.03). Conclusiones: De nuestro estudio deducimos la asociación positiva entre adelgazamiento cortical y desarrollo de fractura patológica en falanges de manos afectadas por encondromas. (AU)


Background and objective: Enchondromas are the most common primary tumors involving phalanges of the hand. When they are identified in asymptomatic patients, surgeons must decide between surgery or watchful waiting. Till the date, there is no established radiological parameter for determining the risk of pathological fracture.Our study aims to determine the utility of two radiographic indicators, amount of cortical thinning and bone area occupied by tumor, as predictors of pathological fracture. Methods: Retrospective, observational and analytic, case-control study, conducted between 2003 and 2017. Eighteen patients with enchondromas of phalanges of the hand were operated on; 9 of them were asymptomatic (control, group A), and in the other 9 cases (group B), pathological fracture was the first presenting symptom of disease. In order to identify radiological parameters associated with pathological fracture, we analyzed their anteroposterior and lateral preoperative radiographs. We measured the bone area occupied by tumor, and the amount of cortical thinning, in both groups.Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups with respect to bone area occupied by tumor (p > 0.1). Nevertheless, the amount of cortical thinning was significantly higher in group B (p < 0.1).The probability of developing a pathological fracture was increased in bones with greater cortical thinning. This was observed in anteroposterior radiographs [Odds Ratio (OR) 16, Confidence Interval (CI) 90% 1.97-130.24] (p=0.01) and in lateral radiographs (OR 7, CI 90% 1.21-40.62) (p=0.03). Conclusions: Our study suggests a positive association between cortical thinning and development of pathological fracture in hand phalanges affected by enchondromas. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Weight Loss , Chondroma , Finger Phalanges , Fractures, Spontaneous , Retrospective Studies , Case-Control Studies
3.
J Tissue Viability ; 31(2): 369-371, 2022 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35101334

ABSTRACT

Trigeminal trophic syndrome is a rare condition characterized by self-inflicted persistent facial ulceration. It is believed to be consequent to central or peripheral insult to trigeminal nerve, which may have taken place even years before the ulcer development. The aggression to the nerve pathway causes dysesthesias in the trigeminal dermatomes that induce a self-mutilating behavior, with repetitive pinching or scratching in order to mitigate the altered sensation. Due to associated skin anesthesia, the patient does not interrupt manipulation of the affected area despite severe skin necrosis. Ulceration typically occurs in the ala nasi and may resemble other more common cutaneous diseases, such as tumors or infections. Given that this condition is not included in our daily clinical practice, the risk is that of a diagnostic delay with devastating functional and esthetic facial consequences. We present the case of a patient with a history of meningioma resection who developed this syndrome and we have reviewed the published literature to provide an update on the etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of this rare condition.


Subject(s)
Skin Ulcer , Ulcer , Delayed Diagnosis/adverse effects , Face , Humans , Skin Ulcer/complications , Skin Ulcer/diagnosis , Syndrome
4.
Cir. plást. ibero-latinoam ; 47(4): 341-346, octubre-diciembre 2021. graf, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-217372

ABSTRACT

Introducción y objetivo: Mejorar la tolerancia de los colgajos miocutáneos a la isquemia es clínicamente relevante y por tanto, ha sido objeto de numerosos estudios usando diversos métodos de evaluación y modelos animales. La formación de edema es de vital importancia en el proceso patofisiológico del daño por isquemia-reperfusión y aún no se ha descrito un método adecuado para su evaluación in vivo. La resonancia magnética en secuencias "Fast T2 gradient-spin-echo" ha sido recientemente validada para la cuantificación del edema del miocardio tras daño por isquemia-reperfusión. Sin embargo, aun no ha sido descrita para la evaluación del edema en el tejido muscular esquelético.Nuestro objetivo fue la validación de secuencias de resonancia magnética para la evaluación rápida y precisa del edema muscular que pueda integrarse fácilmente en centros especializados para el estudio del daño por isquemia-reperfusión.Material y método.Utilizamos 14 cerdos Large-White. Levantamos 18 colgajos de recto abdominal en 9 de ellos usando los vasos epigástricos superiores como pedículo. En cada animal, sometimos uno de los colgajos a 6 horas de isquemia normotérmica y el otro lo usamos como control. Sacrificamos los animales en diferentes momentos tras la intervención para evaluar el contenido de agua en el músculo. Cinco animales fueron sacrificados tras la resonancia de base y utilizados como control no quirúrgico.Resultados.Obtuvimos las secuencias para el mapeo de resonancia magnética en 30 minutos. Tanto las mediciones histológicas como las de secuencias T2 mostraron una mayor cantidad de agua en el músculo que recibió el daño por isquemiareperfusión como esperábamos. Las secuencias obtenidas de resonancia mostraron una correlación con el contenido en agua medido en la pieza histológica. Se demostró un patrón de edema bimodal durante la evolución en la primera semana tras el insulto isquémico. (AU)


Background and objective: Improving the tolerance of myocutaneous flaps to ischemia is clinically relevant and therefore it has been the subject of numerous investigations, using a wide variety of measuring methods and animal models. Edema formation is key in the pathophysiology process of the ischemia-reperfusion injury and an accurate method for its evaluation has not yet been described. Fast "T2 gradient-spin-echo (T2-GraSE)" has been recently validated to quantify myocardial edema after sustaining ischemia-reperfusion injury. Although this technique has been used for the evaluation of skeletal muscle integrity, it has ever been validated against actual muscle water content for edema detection.Our objective was to obtain an in vivo validation of a sequence for fast and accurate skeletal muscle T2-mapping that can be easily integrated in research protocols for the better study of ischemia-reperfusion injury.Methods.Eighteen myocutaneous flaps based on the rectus abdominis muscle were harvested in 9 pigs. The flaps were elevated, utilizing the superior epigastric vessels as the pedicle. On each animal, one of the flaps sustained 6 hours of normothermic ischemia and the other one was used as control. Pigs were sacrificed at diferent moments after reperfusion, and muscle tissue extracted for quantification of myocardial water content. Five animals were sacrificed after basal resonance and used as non surgical control.Results.Sequences were obtained for mapping in 30 minutes. Both histological measures and T2 measurements showed higher water content in the injured flap The T2-mapping sequences showed good correlations with muscular water content. Our data demonstrate good correlation between muscular water content and T2-mapping using the gradient-spin-echo (GraSE) technique. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Surgery, Plastic , Ischemia , Reperfusion
5.
Cir. plást. ibero-latinoam ; 47(3): 297-300, julio-septiembre 2021. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-217364

ABSTRACT

La Gangrena de Fournier es una forma poco frecuente de fascitis necrotizante que puede llegar a ser fatal si no es tratada adecuadamente. Las áreas habitualmente afectadas son el periné y los genitales externos y con frecuencia requieren amplios desbridamientos quirúrgicos que pueden dejar defectos de cobertura extensos.La reconstrucción del tronco del pene requiere una reparación libre de tensión que permita mantener la capacidad eréctil del tejido y evite la formación de una cicatriz retráctil. La viabilidad de la técnica empleada, su resultado estético y el grosor del pene reconstruido son otros factores a tener en cuenta. Las principales opciones para proporcionar cobertura son los colgajos pediculados locales y los injertos de piel de espesor parcial o total.El colgajo fasciocutáneo pudendo se emplea comúnmente en la cirugía reparadora de periné y vagina pero, de acuerdo con lo observado en la literatura, apenas existen 2 casos descritos de su uso en reconstrucción del tronco del pene, con variaciones respecto al diseño tradicional del colgajo. Describimos una secuela de Gangrena de Fournier en la que logramos con éxito la cobertura del tronco del pene gracias a una novedosa modificación en el diseño del colgajo fasciocutáneo pudendo. (AU)


Fournier ́s Gangrene is an uncommon form of necrotizing fasciitis, which can be fatal if inadequately treated. Perineum and external genitalia are the most commonly affected areas. Urgent radical surgical debridement is often required, which results in extensive soft tissue damage.Reparation of penis shaft must be tension-free, preserving erectile capacity, and avoiding retractile scar formation. Viability of the technique, aesthetic outcome, and thickness of the reconstructed penis should be also beard in mind. Local pedicled flaps, and split or full-thickness skin grafts are the main options for providing coverage.The pudendal thigh fasciocutaneous flap is one of the workhorse flaps of choice for perineal and vaginal reconstructive surgery but, to the best of our knowledge, it has only been used for penile shaft reconstruction in 2 single case studies, in which modifications to the classical design were performed. We report the case of a sequel of Fournier's Gangrene, in which penile shaft coverage was successfully accomplished with an innovative modification in the design of the pudendal thigh fasciocutaneous flap. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Surgery, Plastic , Penis , Fournier Gangrene , Myocutaneous Flap , Surgical Flaps
6.
Cir. plást. ibero-latinoam ; 47(2): 173-178, abril-junio 2021.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-217350

ABSTRACT

Introducción y objetivo: La edad y comorbilidad de los pacientes ingresados en Cirugía Plástica están aumentando, lo que a su vez incrementa las interconsultas a Medicina Interna que no alcanzan la efectividad requerida. Una alternativa es la asistencia compartida: responsabilidad y autoridad compartidas entre dos especialistas en el manejo de un paciente hospitalizado.Estudiamos el efecto de la asistencia compartida en Cirugía Plástica.Material y método.Estudio observacional retrospectivo de los pacientes ≥16 años ingresados desde el 17/10/2017 hasta el 31/12/2019 en el Servicio de Cirugía Plástica del Hospital Ramón y Cajal en Madrid, España, con asistencia compartida con Medicina Interna desde el 17/10/2018. Analizamos edad, sexo, tipo de ingreso, si fue operado, peso administrativo asociado a GRD, número total de diagnósticos al alta, índice de comorbilidad de Charlson, exitus, reingresos urgentes y estancia hospitalaria.Resultados.Los pacientes con asistencia compartida fueron de mayor edad (2.2 años, IC 95% 0.2 a 4.1), mayor Charlson (1.3; IC 95% 0.9 a 1.6), mayor número de diagnósticos (3.9; IC 95% 3.4 a 4.4) y mayor peso administrativo (0.17; IC 95% 0.08 a 0.27). Al ajustar, observamos que la asistencia compartida redujo un 24.1% la estancia en Cirugía Plástica, -1.3 días (IC 95% -2.6 a -0.1), el 60% los reingresos urgentes (OR 0,4; IC 95% 0.2 a 0.9) y el 30% la mortalidad, esta no significativa. El descenso de la estancia supuso una disminución de costes de, como mínimo, 489.731,11€.Conclusiones.Los enfermos ingresados en Cirugía Plástica están aumentando su edad y comorbilidad. La asistencia compartida, en la que un internista además del cirujano plástico atiende a los pacientes igual a como se hace en la planta de Medicina Interna, se asocia, en nuestra experiencia, a una disminución de la estancia, los reingresos urgentes y los costes, en línea con lo observado en otros servicios quirúrgicos. (AU)


Background and objective: The age and comorbidity of patients admitted to Plastic Surgery are increasing, leading to increased consultations/referrals to Internal Medicine which do not reach the required effectiveness. An alternative is comanagement: shared responsibility and authority between two specialists in the management of a hospitalized patient.We study the effect of comanagement on Plastic Surgery.Methods.Retrospective observational study of patients ≥16 years old admitted in Plastic Surgery 17/10/2017 and 31/12/2019, with comanagement with Internal Medicine since 17/10/2018. We analyze age, sex, type of admission, whether the patient was operated, administrative weight associated with DRG, total number of diagnoses at discharge, Charlson comorbidity index, deaths, urgent readmissions and length of stay.Results.Patients with comanagement were older (2.2 years, 95% CI 0.2 to 4.1), higher Charlson (1.3; 95% CI 0.9 to 1.6), higher number of diagnoses (3.9; 95% CI 3.4 to 4.4) and higher administrative weight (0.17; 95% CI 0.08 to 0.27). On adjustment, comanagement reduced Plastic Surgery length of stay by 24.1%, -1.3 days (95% CI -2.6 to -0.1), 60% urgent readmissions (OR 0.4; 95% CI 0.2 to 0.9) and 30% mortality, not significant. The decrease in length of stay implies a Plastic Surgery savings of at least € 489.731,11.Conclusions.Patients admitted to Plastic Surgery are increasing in age and comorbidity. Comanagement in which an internist in addition to the plastic surgeon treats patients just as he does in the Internal Medicine ward, is associated, in our experience, with reduced length of stay and costs similar to those observed in other surgical services. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Surgery, Plastic , Internal Medicine , Comorbidity , Patients
7.
Rev. Soc. Andal. Traumatol. Ortop. (Ed. impr.) ; 37(2): 44-57, abr.-jun. 2020. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-198466

ABSTRACT

El tratamiento de los defectos óseos y pseudoartrosis recalcitrante es siempre exigente. Y cuando ocurren en la mano la exigencia es aún mayor por la dificultad técnica añadida y los especialmente exigentes requisitos funcionales. Basados en su experiencia con la técnica aplicada a diversas áreas anatómicas, los autores presentan sus resultados en el área de la mano. Se presentan 8 casos de defectos óseos reconstruidos con colgajos libres periósticos/corticoperiósticos de cóndilo femoral medial y se analizan los resultados no tanto desde el punto de vista estadístico sino de la calidad de los resultados obtenidos en términos de función real conseguida. Todos los colgajos fueron un éxito desde el punto de vista vascular y todos los defectos fueron exitosamente reconstruidos desde el punto de vista óseo. No obstante, el éxito funcional estuvo únicamente en algunos casos (6 casos) y no en todos. La reconstrucción funcional de la mano es exigente y su éxito se define casi exclusivamente por la función obtenida/recuperada. Los autores reflexionan sobre las indicaciones del colgajo libre perióstico que, para ellos, son razonables en la reconstrucción ósea de la mano


The treatment of the bone gaps and recalcitrant nonunions is always highly complex. And it is even more demanding when this occurs in the hand due to the added technical difficulty and high functional requirements. Based on their technical knowledge and experience, the authors present their results of the corticoperiosteal flap on the hand. 8 cases with bone gaps defect reconstructed with corticoperiosteal/periosteal free flaps from the medial femoral con dyle are presented. The results were analyzed from the achieved function point of view, and not that much from a statistical perspective. All flaps succeeded in revascularising the bone and 100% union rate was achieved. However, functional success was only present in some cases (6 cases), not all of them. The functional reconstruction of the hand is highly demanding and the success is defined almost exclusively by the achieved function. The authors reflect about indications of these corticoperiosteal/periosteal free flaps, which for them are reasonable and acceptable in bone reconstructions of the hand


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Free Tissue Flaps/surgery , Femur/transplantation , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Pseudarthrosis/surgery , Hand Injuries/surgery , Treatment Outcome , Reproducibility of Results , Radiography , Hand Injuries/diagnostic imaging , Pseudarthrosis/diagnostic imaging
10.
Cir. plást. ibero-latinoam ; 45(1): 37-44, ene.-mar. 2019. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-182676

ABSTRACT

Introducción y Objetivo: La reconstrucción mamaria inmediata en la paciente portadora de prótesis de aumento difiere en su planteamiento respecto al resto de pacientes. Presentamos nuestra experiencia en reconstrucción mamaria inmediata en pacientes portadoras de prótesis de aumento y sometidas a mastectomía conservadora de piel, mediante implante protésico definitivo asociado a una novedosa técnica de colgajo capsular periprotésico. Material y Método: Entre diciembre de 2014 y febrero de 2016 seleccionamos las pacientes con cáncer de mama que previamente eran portadoras de prótesis mamarias de aumento y que fueron sometidas a mastectomía conservadora de piel. Excluimos los implantes de menos de 1 año, los subglandulares, las contracturas III y IV, las roturas protésicas, las pacientes fumadoras y las subsidiarias de radioterapia. El periodo mínimo de seguimiento fue de 1 año. Valoramos el resultado estético y las complicaciones: contractura, seroma, hematoma e infección. La mastectomía preservó la cápsula periprotésica, quedando el nuevo implante cubierto en su polo inferior por la cápsula retropectoral previamente abatida y en su polo superior por el músculo pectoral mayor. Resultados: Seleccionamos 4 pacientes, con edad media 44 años. El volumen medio de los implantes fue de 410 cc. Tras el periodo de seguimiento (17 meses de media) ninguna paciente sufrió complicaciones mayores y los resultados estéticos fueron satisfactorios, sin contractura capsular. Conclusiones: El colgajo capsular retropectoral permite crear un plano independiente del subcutáneo. Es de fácil realización y consigue un buen resultado estético y seguro. No obstante, son datos preliminares que requieren un mayor seguimiento y un mayor número de pacientes para tener mayor validez


Background and Objective: The increasing number of previously augmented patients undergoing a mastectomy and the special features of these patients requires the use of a specific approach for breast reconstruction in this setting. We present our experience with the following capsuloplasty technique, achieving total coverage of the implant using the previously formed capsule, in previously subpectoral augmented patients undergoing skin-sparing mastectomy and immediate reconstruction. Methods: From December 2014 to February 2016 we performed our technique in selected previously augmented patients who underwent a skin-sparing mastectomy. We excluded those patients having the implants for less than a year, subglandular placement, capsular contracture grades III and IV, broken implants, smoker patients and those who were going to receive radiotherapy. The minimum follow-up period was 1 year. We measured the aesthetic result and complications such as capsular contracture, seroma, hematoma and infection. The skin-sparing mastectomy must preserve periprosthetic capsule. The lower pole of the new implant will be covered with the previously folded retropectoral capsule and the superior pole with the pectoralis major. Results: Four patients were selected, mean age was 44 year-old, and mean volume of the new implant placed was 410cc. After the follow-up period (mean of 17 months) no patient suffered any major complications and no capsular contracture was identified, achieving satisfactory aesthetic results. Conclusions: The use of a retropectoral capsular flap creates an independent plane below the subcutaneous. It is an easy and safe technique that achieves a pleasing aesthetic result. Nevertheless, we present preliminary results and more studies are needed with a longer follow-up as well as a larger number of patients to achieve more validity


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Mammaplasty/methods , Surgical Flaps/surgery , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Breast Implants , Mastectomy/methods , Pectoralis Muscles/surgery , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods
11.
Cir. plást. ibero-latinoam ; 44(1): 65-73, ene.-mar. 2018. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-172904

ABSTRACT

Introducción y Objetivo. El colgajo sural de flujo reverso ha ganado gran popularidad, pero algunos autores describen como complicación frecuente la necrosis parcial o total del mismo. Presentamos una serie de modificaciones técnicas para aumentar la viabilidad del colgajo cuando es necesario diseñarlo en su máxima extensión en cobertura de grandes defectos del pie. Material y Método. Desde agosto de 2005 hasta agosto de 2013 sometimos a 4 pacientes a reconstrucción del pie con colgajo sural de flujo reverso. El colgajo menor fue de 7 x 17 cm y el mayor de 15 x 22 cm. El seguimiento postoperatorio medio fue de 60 meses. Las 3 modificaciones técnicas que habitualmente realizamos son las siguientes: 1.- Incidimos la fascia profunda con 1,5 cm más de anchura que la paleta cutánea. 2.- Mantenemos la mayor anchura posible del pedículo adipofascial. 3.- Diferimos 4-6 días la sutura definitiva de la paleta cutánea, permitiendo la expansión del edema. Resultados. No observamos necrosis parcial o total ni otras complicaciones postoperatorias. Todos los colgajos permitieron la reconstrucción de los defectos, sin necesitar otros colgajos complementarios. Los 4 pacientes recuperaron la deambulación. Conclusiones. Creemos que el tamaño de los defectos y la satisfactoria reconstrucción con este tipo de megacolgajo en el que aplicamos los cambios descritos, justifica la presentación de nuestra experiencia. Sin embargo, debemos señalar que ninguno de los pacientes tenía factores de riesgo, en cuyo caso habríamos diferido el colgajo de forma convencional o habríamos recurrido a otra técnica reconstructiva


Background and Objective. The reverse flow sural flap has won great popularity, but some authors report frequent complications of total or partial flap necrosis. We present a number of technical modifications to increase the viability of the flap when it is necessary to design it to its fullest extent to cover large defects in the foot. Methods. From August 2005 to August 2013, 4 patients underwent the procedure of reverse flow sural flap mega-high flap for foot reconstruction. The flaps ranged from 7 x 17 cm to 15 x 22 cm in size. The average follow-up was 60 months. The 3 modifications that we usually perform when making this flap are: 1.- The deep fascia is incised and lifted 1.5 cm broader than the skin island. 2.- We keep the width of the adipofascial pedicle as wide as possible. 3.- We habitually suture later on after the first procedure the flap, allowing the edema to expand. Results. No partial or total necrosis was neither observed, nor other postoperative complications. All the flaps allowed the reconstruction of the defects, without needing other complementary flaps. Conclusions. We believe that the extent of the defects and their successful reconstruction with this type of megaflap, in which we have applied the changes described, justifies the presentation of our experience. However, we note that the 4 patients had no vascular risk conditions, in which it would be advisable to delay the flap or select other reconstructive techniques


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Adult , Foot Deformities, Acquired/surgery , Surgical Flaps , Graft Survival/physiology , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Sural Nerve/transplantation , Necrosis/epidemiology , Skin Transplantation/statistics & numerical data , Transplantation Tolerance/immunology , Graft Rejection/epidemiology
12.
Cir. plást. ibero-latinoam ; 42(1): 29-34, ene.-mar. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-152464

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes y Objetivos. La cirugía colorrectal y ginecológica precisa a menudo la resección de grandes áreas de tejido en la región perineal. En ocasiones es posible el cierre directo, pero a veces se necesitan técnicas reconstructivas. Una de las más extendidas para la reconstrucción perineal es la utilización de los colgajos fasciocutáneos en V-Y diseñados en la región anatómica del glúteo mayor. Pacientes y Método. Desde 2005 hasta 2011 hemos llevado a cabo reconstrucción del periné con el colgajo fasciocutáneo de avance en V-Y del glúteo mayor basado en sus perforantes en 7 pacientes. El tamaño de los defectos varió desde 50a 400 cm2 . Resultados. La estancia hospitalaria media fue de 36.8 días. Cuatro pacientes sufrieron complicaciones en la zona operada (57%): 2 necesitaron una segunda intervención por sufrir dehiscencia; 1 tuvo una infección de la herida quirúrgica, y 1 desarrolló una fístula perianal. El paciente de más edad (80 años) falleció por complicaciones cardiovasculares durante el postoperatorio Conclusiones. El colgajo fasciocutáneo de avance en V-Y basado sobre la región glútea, es una técnica segura, de fácil ejecución y mínima morbilidad, para la reconstrucción de pequeños y grandes defectos de la región perineal. Si bien en pacientes tratados previamente con radioterapia es aconsejable pensar en el uso de colgajos a distancia (AU)


Background and Objectives. Colorectal and gynecological surgery often demand the resection of large areas of tissue in the perineal region. Sometimes it is possible to perform direct closure of the zone but on other occasions reconstructive procedures are necessary. One of the techniques most widely accepted for perineal reconstruction is the use of V-Y fasciocutaneous flaps designed on the anatomical area of the gluteus maximus. Patients and Methods. We report 7 patients operated between 2005 and 2011, all of them undergoing reconstruction with V-Y fasciocutaneous flaps based on the perforating arteries of the gluteus maximus. The size of the lesions ranged between 50 to 400 cm2 . Results. The mean time spent in hospital was 36.8 days. Four patients developed complications on the operated zone (57%): 2 patients needed a second intervention owing to severe dehiscence; 1 patient developed an infection of the surgical wound; and in 1 patient the complication was an anal fistula. The oldest patient (80 years old) died during the post-operative period owing to cardiovascular problems. Conclusions. The fasciocutaneous V-Y advancement flap based on the gluteal region is a safe technique that is easy to perform and causes minimum morbidity in the reconstruction of small and large defects of the perineal region. However, in patients previously treated with radiotherapy, it is recommended that flaps be harvested from more distant areas (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Perineum/surgery , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Myocutaneous Flap , Buttocks , Surgical Flaps , Retrospective Studies
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