Factors influencing older adults' satisfaction with caregivers' communication.

Effective communication skills are crucial for caregivers to provide quality care and meet the unique needs of patients of all ages. However, older patients have specific communication requirements, and their satisfaction depends on several factors. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the level of satisfaction among older adults in Marrakech, Morocco, regarding the communication skills of their caregivers, and to identify the factors influencing this satisfaction. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted between March and July 2022 among 204 people aged 60 years and older who presented to the Mouhamed VI University Hospital of Marrakech, Morocco, for various care services. The older adults' satisfaction with caregivers' communication was assessed by the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) patient satisfaction questionnaire. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the participants were collected through interview and consultation of medical records. Multiple linear regression was used to determine potential factors influencing the total satisfaction score. Results: The total satisfaction score of older adults with caregiver' communication was 2.55±0.95 and the mean scores of the lowest subscales were answering questions, greeting and listening. Analysis revealed that having visual disorders (B=-0.276±0.12; p=0.029) and receiving affective touch from caregivers (B=0.745±0.12; p=0.001) were the main factors associated with older adults' satisfaction with caregiver' communication. Conclusion: Older people are not sufficiently satisfied with caregivers' communication skills, especially those with vision problems and those who have not received affective touch from caregivers. Caregivers need to be aware of the specific needs of older patients and use appropriate communication techniques.

Habilidades de comunicação eficazes são fundamentais para que os profissionais de saúde ofereçam atendimento de qualidade e atendam às necessidades específicas de pacientes de todas as idades. No entanto, os pacientes mais velhos têm necessidades específicas de comunicação, e sua satisfação depende de vários fatores. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a satisfação da pessoa idosa com a comunicação dos cuidadores e identificar os fatores de influência. Métodos: Este é um estudo transversal realizado entre março e julho de 2022 com 204 pessoas com 60 anos ou mais que se apresentaram ao Hospital Universitário Mouhamed VI de Marrakech para receber diversos cuidados. A satisfação da pessoa idosa com a comunicação dos cu idadores foi avaliada pelo questionário de satisfação do paciente do American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM). As características sociodemográficas e clínicas dos participantes foram coletadas por meio de entrevista e consulta aos registros médicos. A análise dos dados foi realizada com o software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), versão 25. Resultados: A pontuação total de satisfação da pessoa idosa com a comunicação do cuidador foi de 2,55±0,95, e as pontuações médias das subescalas mais baixas foram responder a perguntas, cumprimentar e ouvir. A análise revelou que ter distúrbios visuais (B=-0,276±0,12; p=0,029) e receber toque afetivo dos cuidadores (B=0,745±0,12; p=0,001) foram os principais fatores associados à satisfação dos pessoa idosa com a comunicação do cuidador. Conclusão: As pessoas idosas não estão suficientemente satisfeitas com as habilidades de comunicação dos cuidadores, especialmente aquelas com problemas de visão e as que não receberam o toque afetivo dos cuidadores. Os cuidadores precisam estar cientes das necessidades específicas dos pacientes mais velhos e usar técnicas de comunicação adequadas.

Cognitive complaints in older adults in primary care and associated factors.

Cognitive complaints are common in older people. They can progress into a more severe cognitive decline and then deterioration of quality of life. They are associated with several factors. Objective: This study aimed to determine the factors associated with cognitive complaints in older adults in the city of Marrakech, Morocco. Methods: This study was conducted between March and June 2022 among 281 people aged 50 years and older who attended primary health care centers in the city of Marrakech. Cognitive complaints were measured using the McNair-Kahn scale. Data on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were collected through interviews with the participants and consultation of their medical records. Analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25, Ink software. Results: Of the total participants, 51.6% had cognitive complaints. Multivariate analysis showed that people aged 75 years and over had a sevenfold higher risk of cognitive complaints than people aged 50-64 years (p=0.033; OR=7.64; 95%CI 1.17-49.72), and that illiteracy (p=0.004; OR=3.39; 95%CI 1.48-7.76), cardiovascular disease (p=0.018; OR=4.30; 95%CI 1.29-14.32), diabetes (p=0.001; OR=3.14; 95%CI 1.64-6.04), visual impairment (p=0.017; OR=2.22; 95%CI 1.15-4.19), depression (p= 0.027; OR=2.36; 95%CI 1.10-5.05) and sleepiness (p=0.034; OR=1.96; 95%CI 1.05-3.66) are associated variables. Conclusions: Cognitive complaints are frequent in older adults and are associated with several sociodemographic and health factors. Some measures could help maintain stable memory performance in old age and prevent severe cognitive declines, such as regular follow-up of at-risk individuals, and cognitive, physical and leisure activities.

Queixas cognitivas são comuns em pessoas idosas. Elas podem evoluir para um declínio cognitivo mais grave e, em seguida, deterioração da qualidade de vida. Elas estão associadas a vários fatores. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar os fatores associados às queixas cognitivas em idosos da cidade de Marrakech, Marrocos. Métodos: Este estudo foi realizado entre março e junho de 2022 entre 281 pessoas com 50 anos ou mais que se apresentaram em centros de atenção primária à saúde na cidade de Marrakech. As queixas cognitivas foram medidas usando a escala de McNair-Kahn. Os dados sobre características sociodemográficas e clínicas foram coletados por meio de entrevista com os participantes e consulta aos seus prontuários. A análise foi feita usando o software Pacote Estatístico para as Ciências Sociais (SPSS), versão 25. Resultados: Do total de participantes, 51,6% apresentaram queixas cognitivas. A análise multivariada mostrou que pessoas com 75 anos ou mais tiveram risco sete vezes maior de queixas cognitivas do que pessoasentre 50­64 anos (p=0,033; OR=7,64; IC95% 1,17­49,72), e que analfabetismo (p=0,004; OR=3,39; IC95% 1,48­7,76), doenças cardiovasculares (p=0,018; OR=4,30; IC95% 1,29­14,32), diabetes (p=0,001; OR=3,14; IC95% 1,64­6,04), comprometimento visual (p=0,017; OR=2,22; IC95% 1,15­4,19), depressão (p=0,027; OR=2,36; IC95% 1,10­5,05) e sonolência (p=0,034; OR=1,96; IC95% 1,05­3.66) são variáveis associadas. Conclusões: Queixas cognitivas são frequentes em idosos e estão associadas a diversos fatores sociodemográficos e de saúde. Algumas medidas poderiam ajudar a manter o desempenho estável da memória na velhice e prevenir declínios cognitivos graves, como o acompanhamento regular de indivíduos em risco e atividades cognitivas, físicas e de lazer.

Factors influencing older adults' satisfaction with caregivers' communication / Fatores que influenciam a satisfação das pessoas idosas com a comunicação dos cuidadores

ABSTRACT. Effective communication skills are crucial for caregivers to provide quality care and meet the unique needs of patients of all ages. However, older patients have specific communication requirements, and their satisfaction depends on several factors. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the level of satisfaction among older adults in Marrakech, Morocco, regarding the communication skills of their caregivers, and to identify the factors influencing this satisfaction. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted between March and July 2022 among 204 people aged 60 years and older who presented to the Mouhamed VI University Hospital of Marrakech, Morocco, for various care services. The older adults' satisfaction with caregivers' communication was assessed by the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) patient satisfaction questionnaire. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the participants were collected through interview and consultation of medical records. Multiple linear regression was used to determine potential factors influencing the total satisfaction score. Results: The total satisfaction score of older adults with caregiver' communication was 2.55±0.95 and the mean scores of the lowest subscales were answering questions, greeting and listening. Analysis revealed that having visual disorders (B=-0.276±0.12; p=0.029) and receiving affective touch from caregivers (B=0.745±0.12; p=0.001) were the main factors associated with older adults' satisfaction with caregiver' communication. Conclusion: Older people are not sufficiently satisfied with caregivers' communication skills, especially those with vision problems and those who have not received affective touch from caregivers. Caregivers need to be aware of the specific needs of older patients and use appropriate communication techniques.

RESUMO. Habilidades de comunicação eficazes são fundamentais para que os profissionais de saúde ofereçam atendimento de qualidade e atendam às necessidades específicas de pacientes de todas as idades. No entanto, os pacientes mais velhos têm necessidades específicas de comunicação, e sua satisfação depende de vários fatores. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a satisfação da pessoa idosa com a comunicação dos cuidadores e identificar os fatores de influência. Métodos: Este é um estudo transversal realizado entre março e julho de 2022 com 204 pessoas com 60 anos ou mais que se apresentaram ao Hospital Universitário Mouhamed VI de Marrakech para receber diversos cuidados. A satisfação da pessoa idosa com a comunicação dos cu idadores foi avaliada pelo questionário de satisfação do paciente do American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM). As características sociodemográficas e clínicas dos participantes foram coletadas por meio de entrevista e consulta aos registros médicos. A análise dos dados foi realizada com o software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), versão 25. Resultados: A pontuação total de satisfação da pessoa idosa com a comunicação do cuidador foi de 2,55±0,95, e as pontuações médias das subescalas mais baixas foram responder a perguntas, cumprimentar e ouvir. A análise revelou que ter distúrbios visuais (B=-0,276±0,12; p=0,029) e receber toque afetivo dos cuidadores (B=0,745±0,12; p=0,001) foram os principais fatores associados à satisfação dos pessoa idosa com a comunicação do cuidador. Conclusão: As pessoas idosas não estão suficientemente satisfeitas com as habilidades de comunicação dos cuidadores, especialmente aquelas com problemas de visão e as que não receberam o toque afetivo dos cuidadores. Os cuidadores precisam estar cientes das necessidades específicas dos pacientes mais velhos e usar técnicas de comunicação adequadas.

Cognitive complaints in older adults in primary care and associated factors / Queixas cognitivas em idosos na atenção básica de saúde e fatores associados

ABSTRACT. Cognitive complaints are common in older people. They can progress into a more severe cognitive decline and then deterioration of quality of life. They are associated with several factors. Objective: This study aimed to determine the factors associated with cognitive complaints in older adults in the city of Marrakech, Morocco. Methods: This study was conducted between March and June 2022 among 281 people aged 50 years and older who attended primary health care centers in the city of Marrakech. Cognitive complaints were measured using the McNair-Kahn scale. Data on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were collected through interviews with the participants and consultation of their medical records. Analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25, Ink software. Results: Of the total participants, 51.6% had cognitive complaints. Multivariate analysis showed that people aged 75 years and over had a sevenfold higher risk of cognitive complaints than people aged 50-64 years (p=0.033; OR=7.64; 95%CI 1.17-49.72), and that illiteracy (p=0.004; OR=3.39; 95%CI 1.48-7.76), cardiovascular disease (p=0.018; OR=4.30; 95%CI 1.29-14.32), diabetes (p=0.001; OR=3.14; 95%CI 1.64-6.04), visual impairment (p=0.017; OR=2.22; 95%CI 1.15-4.19), depression (p= 0.027; OR=2.36; 95%CI 1.10-5.05) and sleepiness (p=0.034; OR=1.96; 95%CI 1.05-3.66) are associated variables. Conclusions: Cognitive complaints are frequent in older adults and are associated with several sociodemographic and health factors. Some measures could help maintain stable memory performance in old age and prevent severe cognitive declines, such as regular follow-up of at-risk individuals, and cognitive, physical and leisure activities.

RESUMO. Queixas cognitivas são comuns em pessoas idosas. Elas podem evoluir para um declínio cognitivo mais grave e, em seguida, deterioração da qualidade de vida. Elas estão associadas a vários fatores. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar os fatores associados às queixas cognitivas em idosos da cidade de Marrakech, Marrocos. Métodos: Este estudo foi realizado entre março e junho de 2022 entre 281 pessoas com 50 anos ou mais que se apresentaram em centros de atenção primária à saúde na cidade de Marrakech. As queixas cognitivas foram medidas usando a escala de McNair-Kahn. Os dados sobre características sociodemográficas e clínicas foram coletados por meio de entrevista com os participantes e consulta aos seus prontuários. A análise foi feita usando o software Pacote Estatístico para as Ciências Sociais (SPSS), versão 25. Resultados: Do total de participantes, 51,6% apresentaram queixas cognitivas. A análise multivariada mostrou que pessoas com 75 anos ou mais tiveram risco sete vezes maior de queixas cognitivas do que pessoasentre 50-64 anos (p=0,033; OR=7,64; IC95% 1,17-49,72), e que analfabetismo (p=0,004; OR=3,39; IC95% 1,48-7,76), doenças cardiovasculares (p=0,018; OR=4,30; IC95% 1,29-14,32), diabetes (p=0,001; OR=3,14; IC95% 1,64-6,04), comprometimento visual (p=0,017; OR=2,22; IC95% 1,15-4,19), depressão (p=0,027; OR=2,36; IC95% 1,10-5,05) e sonolência (p=0,034; OR=1,96; IC95% 1,05-3.66) são variáveis associadas. Conclusões: Queixas cognitivas são frequentes em idosos e estão associadas a diversos fatores sociodemográficos e de saúde. Algumas medidas poderiam ajudar a manter o desempenho estável da memória na velhice e prevenir declínios cognitivos graves, como o acompanhamento regular de indivíduos em risco e atividades cognitivas, físicas e de lazer.

Self-reported morbidities, nutritional characteristics, and associated factors in institutionalized and non-institutionalized older adults.

BACKGROUND: As the world's population ages and people live longer, it seems important to ensure that older people have a good quality of life and positive subjective well-being. The objective of this study is to determine socio-economic, health and nutritional characteristics of institutionalized and non-institutionalized elders in the province of Marrakech. METHODS: This study was conducted among 368 older adults in the province of Marrakech between March 2017 and June 2019. Of all participants, 180 older adults reside in a public institution and 188 of them live in their own homes. Data on health conditions, nutritional status, functional and socio-economic characteristics were collected. Data was analyzed using SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 16.0. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: Institutionalized elders were illiterate (80.0%), had low incomes (95.5%), and unmarried (73.3%), they reported also no children (56.1%) and no health insurance (98.9%). Institutional residents suffered from malnutrition (22.2%), hearing impairments (35.6%) and severe edentulism (43.3%). There was no significant difference between both groups on daily activities and depression. A multivariate analysis identified a model with three significant variables associated with non-institutionalized elders: health insurance (P = 0.001; OR = 107.49), number of children (P = 0.001; OR = 1.74) and nutritional status (p = 0.001; OR = 3.853). CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that the institutionalization of older adults is considerably induced by various factors such as nutritional problems, lack of health insurance and family structure. To mitigate the effects of this phenomenon, home care strategies and preventive actions should be implemented to delay the institutionalization of older adults and therefore keep them socially active in their own homes.

Difference between Primary and Secondary Infertility in Morocco: Frequencies and Associated Factors.

BACKGROUND: The main objective of this survey was to determine the difference between primary and secondary infertility in Morocco and the associated factors among women, who are referred to public and private health centers in Morocco. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 619 infertile women referring to public and private health centers in Marrakech-Safi region, were selected by simple random sampling method. This study was conducted between 1 October 2013 and 31 December 2015. Socio-economic status, demographic characteristics, couple's age, nutritional status and other data related to both male and female reproductive organs were collected by a questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to identify the associated factors to infertility. Statistical significance was set at 0.05. RESULTS: The rates of primary and secondary infertility were 67.37, and 32.63%, respectively. Multivariate analysis identified a model with three significant predictive factors of secondary infertility: duration of marriage [odds ratio (OR)=12.263: 2.289-65.685], socio-economic status (OR=3.83: 1.011-14.70) and the ages of women (OR=1.268: 1.038-1.549). CONCLUSION: The causes of primary and secondary infertility were not always a woman's problem, but both man and woman contribute to infertility. Multiple regression analysis showed that women's age, duration of marriage, and socioeconomic status are predictive variables that decrease the chance of fertility among women with secondary infertility.

Medical Characteristics and Therapeutic Approaches Used to Treat Primary and Secondary Infertile Women.

BACKGROUND: Inability to conceive is a major problem during reproductive age. This study aimed to describe medical characteristics and different approaches to get better the management of infertility among women referring to some public and private health centers in Morocco. METHODS: Overall, 619 infertile women referring to public and private health centers in Marrakech-Safi region were selected by simple random sampling method, between 1 Oct 2013 and 31 Dec 2015. The socio-economic data, demographic characteristics, medical and obstetric variables and types of infertility treatments were simultaneously collected by questionnaire and health record data. The univariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine different infertility treatments. Statistical significance was set at 0.05. RESULTS: The rate of primary and secondary infertility was 67.37%, and 32.63%, respectively. In comparison to secondary infertility, primary infertile women with high socio-economic level and low average age have used many fertility drugs and assisted reproductive technologies (Clomifene citrate (45.01 vs. 29.20%), injectable gonadotropins (09.35 vs. 3.96%), dydrogesterone (35.08 vs. 23.26%), intrauterine insemination (3.83 vs. 0.49%), and in-vitro fertilisation (3.11 vs. 1.48%)). CONCLUSION: The use of infertility's treatment is limited in Morocco. Outside of medical coverage, the infertility management requires permanent efforts, financial supports, psychological assistance and serious dialogue between all the stakeholders.

Towards the synthesis of new benzimidazolone derivatives with surfactant properties.

New water-soluble benzimidazolone derivatives were synthesized. In the first approach, di-N-glycosyl and mono-N-alkyl-N-glycosyl compounds were obtained by grafting C-6-activated glycosides onto benzimidazolone. In the second approach, benzimidazolone derivatives bearing a glucosyl unit were synthesized using an efficient glycosylation method. Every compound structure was confirmed by means of NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The preliminary surfactant properties of some compounds were evaluated.

A novel stereospecific synthesis of glycosyl cyanides from 1,2-O-sulfinyl derivatives.

[reaction: see text] An efficient synthesis of 1,2-trans-glycosyl cyanides via 1,2-O-sulfinyl monosaccharides is described. Such S(N)2-type displacements at the anomeric center are stereospecific and are best performed with sodium cyanide in the presence of ytterbium triflate. Significantly, the resulting 1,2-trans-glycosyl cyanides have a free hydroxyl group at C-2 ready for further modification.