Investigating the effect of antiseptic solution on the release of interleukin-6 and transforming growth factor beta 1 from human gingival fibroblasts using wound healing assays.

This in vitro study evaluated the effect of different antiseptics and different concentrations thereof in a model of wound healing using human gingival fibroblasts. The fibroblasts were rinsed with four different antiseptic solutions: sodium hypochlorite (HYP), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX), and benzalkonium chloride (BC). The effect on the release of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-ß1) was investigated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). In addition, the effects of the antiseptics on wound healing at 1, 12, 24, and 48 h were assessed through a wound healing assay. The viability of the fibroblasts rinsed with antiseptics was investigated with respect to the concentrations inhibiting cell growth by 50% (IC50), 25% (IC25), and ≤2% (IC2). A statistically significant increased release of IL-6 was obtained with BC IC25 and IC2 after 12, 24, and 48 h (P < 0.01). For TGF-ß1, no significant release was found for CHX IC2 after 24 and 48 h or for IC50 and IC25 after 12 h. There was no significant effect on wound healing capacity for CHX or for BC IC25 and IC2. This study demonstrated that antiseptic rinses of human gingival fibroblasts alter the release of IL-6 and TGF-ß1 and impact wound healing capacity, with both BC and CHX conferring neutral effects.

Influence of wound closure on volume stability with the application of different GBR materials: an in vitro cone-beam computed tomographic study.

PURPOSE: To assess the influence of using different combinations of guided bone regeneration (GBR) materials on volume changes after wound closure at peri-implant dehiscence defects. METHODS: In 5 pig mandibles, standardized bone defects were created and implants were centrally placed. The defects were augmented using different combinations of GBR materials: xenogeneic granulate and collagen membrane (group 1, n=10), xenogeneic granulate and alloplastic membrane (group 2, n=10), alloplastic granulates and alloplastic membrane (group 3, n=10). The horizontal thickness was assessed using cone-beam computed tomography before and after suturing. Measurements were performed at the implant shoulder (HT0) and at 1 mm (HT1) and 2 mm (HT2) below. The data were statistically analysed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test to evaluate within-group differences. Bonferroni correction was applied when calculating statistical significance between the groups. RESULTS: The mean horizontal thickness before suturing was 2.55±0.53 mm (group 1), 1.94±0.56 mm (group 2), and 2.49±0.73 mm (group 3). Post-suturing, the values were 1.47±0.31 mm (group 1), 1.77±0.27 mm (group 2), and 2.00±0.48 mm (group 3). All groups demonstrated a loss of horizontal dimension. Intragroup changes exhibited significant differences in group 1 (P<0.001) and group 3 (P<0.01). Intergroup comparisons revealed statistically significant differences of the relative changes between groups 1 and 2 (P=0.033) and groups 1 and 3 (P=0.015). CONCLUSIONS: Volume change after wound closure was minimized by using an alloplastic membrane. The stability of the augmented horizontal thickness was most ensured by using this type of membrane irrespective of the bone substitute material used for membrane support.

Closed versus open treatment of mandibular condylar process fractures: A meta-analysis of retrospective and prospective studies.

INTRODUCTION: The treatment of fractures of the mandibular process remains controversial, although there is a trend towards open reduction and internal fixation. This study compared open and closed treatments and assessed the results with a meta-analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature search of PubMed found eight studies that met the search criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. RESULTS: The studies increasingly suggest better results for open treatment, in terms of mouth opening, protrusion, laterotrusion, pain, and malocclusion. In the meta-analysis, the outcome was significantly better for laterotrusion and protrusion in patients treated by open reduction and internal fixation. CONCLUSION: Due to the different study protocols and lack of information on classification, follow-up time, and inclusion criteria, comparison of the studies remains difficult and further prospective, randomized studies should examine these issues.