Edades Biológicas aplicables en la clínica ortodóncica / No disponible

Partiendo de las evidencias clínicas y científicas, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo presentar, en medio a la profusión de las informaciones académicas, referenciales simples y prácticos para la determinación del estadio de maduración en la clínica ortodóncica. La edad dentaria constituye una herramienta útil en la identificación de la adolescencia cuando los primeros cuatro premolares erupcionan. La edad de la menarquia, reservada a las jóvenes, obviamente, representa un evento tardío dentro de la adolescencia, ya que ocurre en algún momento en la curva descendente del estirón de crecimiento. Por último, la edad ósea, determinada mediante el análisis de los centros de osificación visualizados en radiografías de la mano, del dedo pulgar a través de una radiografía periapical y en telerradiografías en norma lateral, por la evaluación de las vértebras cervicales, esclarece con mayor precisión el potencial de crecimiento remaneciente (AU)

The purpose of this article is to present practical references to determine the maturational stages in the orthodontic practice, on the basis of clinical and scientific evidence. Dental age is useful to identify the adolescence period when all four first premolars have completely erupted. When the purpose is to preview the remaining potential growth in order to plan orthopedic treatment in girls, menarche can be easily identified in the clinical exam. Menarche represents a late event in adolescence as it occurs anytime during the descending curve of the growth spurt. At last, bone age, determined by the identification of ossification centers in hand-wrist or periapical radiographs, or cervical vertebrae in lateral radiographs, is a guide to determine the best time for either orthopedic or surgical treatment (AU)

Labiolingual and mesiodistal positioning of maxillary permanent incisors during the eruption process.

This study aimed to establish radiographical parameters concerning the tipping, the labiolingual positioning and the angulation of the maxillary permanent incisors in the mixed dentition. Three groups of 20 cephalograms and 20 orthopantomographic radiographs taken from children aging from 7 to 12 years old, with normal occlusion were compared. The Group I presented only the eruption of the central permanent incisors, the Group II presented both the central and lateral permanent incisors and the Group III presented central, lateral incisors and permanent canine teeth. The tipping and the labiolingual positioning were measured, respectively, using U1/PP and U1<-->AVERT. Mesiodistally, the angles between the teeth axis and the line that touched the lower border of the orbit in the orthopantomographic radiographs were measured. The mean values of tipping, labiolingual positioning and angulation of the central and lateral incisors obtained from Groups I, II and III were respectively 112 degrees, 1.2 mm, 90.4 degrees and 91.7 degrees; 112 degrees, 2.6 mm, 89.5 degrees and 96.8 degrees and 114 degrees, 2.7 mm, 87.4 degrees and 92.6 degrees. The tipping levels were similar for all groups, the mean values of the labiolingual positioning were significantly different at 5% when Group I was compared to both Groups II and III. And the mean values of the angulation were significantly different 5% for the central incisors between Groups I and III, and at 1% for the lateral incisors between Groups I and II, and, II and III.

Loss of space and dental arch length after the loss of the lower first primary molar: a longitudinal study.

The premature loss of primary teeth may harm the normal occlusal development, although there are debates relating to the necessity of using space maintainer appliances. The aim of the study is to evaluate the changes in the dental arch perimeter and the space reduction after the premature loss of the lower first primary molar in the mixed dentition stage. The sample consists of 4 lower arch plaster models of 31 patients, within the period of pre-extraction, 6, 12 and 18 months after the lower first primary molar extraction. A reduction of space was of noted with the cuspid dislocation and the permanent incisors moving toward the space of the extraction site. It was concluded that the lower first molar primary premature loss, during the mixed dentition, implicates an immediate placement of a space maintainer.

New option for anterior traction of the face by using a cervical collar.

This case required anteroposterior traction of the maxilla. Once none of the traditional methods could be used because of the lack of support in the chin and in the frontal region. Thus, we opted to use a cervical collar.