ABSTRACT
This comprehensive review delves into the critical role of effective hospital administration in shaping patient outcomes within the healthcare ecosystem. Exploration of key components, strategies, measurement methodologies, and future trends elucidates the multifaceted nature of hospital administration. Key findings underscore the profound impact of administrative decisions and practices on patient safety, satisfaction, and overall well-being. The review highlights the importance of patient-centred care and interdisciplinary collaboration for enhancing patient outcomes. It emphasises the significance of data-driven measurement and benchmarking, which are instrumental in assessing hospital performance and fostering continuous improvement. Looking ahead, emerging technologies, evolving healthcare policies, and persistent challenges are drivers of change in healthcare administration. However, amidst these transformations, the overarching message remains consistent: effective hospital administration is integral to improving patient outcomes. The conclusion calls for a collective commitment from healthcare leaders and policymakers to prioritise the development of capable administrators, invest in technology, promote value-based care, and address healthcare disparities. This collaborative effort ensures that the pursuit of better patient outcomes remains at the forefront of healthcare administration, ultimately shaping the future of healthcare for generations to come.
ABSTRACT
Immunological dysregulation and inflammation may play a role in the nature of menstruation. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can produce a systemic inflammatory reaction that involves extrapulmonary organs and can also affect the immune system. This study aimed to analyze changes in the menstrual cycle in coronavirus (COVID)-positive women of reproductive age. Methods: The data of 35 women of reproductive age were collected telephonically from said patients admitted to the COVID Health Centre (CHC) ward of All India Institute of Ayurveda, New Delhi, during June 20, 2020, to October 31, 2020. Purposive sampling was used for data collection. Wyatt menstrual pictogram and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were used to assess the bleeding pattern and pain during menstruation, respectively. Results: Clinically, changes were noted in post-COVID menstruation such as irregularity, polymenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, clots, and menstrual flow in days. However, all results were statistically non-significant. But significant (P = 0.003) menstrual pain was reported. Conclusion: Menstrual changes were observed in COVID-19-positive women belonging to the reproductive age group.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The overdose epidemic was designated a 'Public Health Emergency' in the USA on 26 October 2017, bringing attention to the severity of this public health problem. The Appalachian region remains substantially impacted by the effects from years of overprescription of opioids, and subsequently opioid non-medical use and addiction. This study aims to examine the utility of the PRECEDE-PROCEED model constructs (ie, predisposing, reinforcing and enabling factors) to explain opioid addiction helping behaviour (ie, helping someone who has an opioid addiction) among members of the public living in tri-state Appalachian counties. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Rural county in the Appalachian region of the USA. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 213 participants from a retail mall in a rural Appalachian Kentucky county completed the survey. Most participants were between the ages of 18 and 30 years (n=68; 31.9%) and identified as men (n=139; 65.3%). PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE: Opioid addiction helping behaviour. RESULTS: The regression model was significant (F (6, 180)=26.191, p<0.001) and explained 44.8% of the variance in opioid addiction helping behaviour (R2=0.448). Attitude towards helping someone with opioid addiction (B=0.335; p<0.001), behavioural skills (B=0.208; p=0.003), reinforcing factors (B=0.190; p=0.015) and enabling factors (B=0.195; p=0.009) were all significantly associated with opioid addiction helping behaviour. CONCLUSIONS: PRECEDE-PROCEED model constructs have utility to explain opioid addiction helping behaviour among individuals in a region greatly impacted by the overdose epidemic. This study provides an empirically tested framework for future programmes addressing helping behaviour related to opioid non-medical use.
