ABSTRACT
A water-soluble heteropolysaccharide (PS-I) having molecular weight ~2.1×10(5) Da was isolated from hot aqueous extract of the fruit bodies of hybrid mushroom pfle 1p. The hybrid mushroom pfle 1p was obtained through intergenic protoplast fusion between Pleurotus florida and Lentinula edodes. The heteropolysaccharide contained D-glucose, D-galactose, and D-mannose in a molar ratio of nearly 4:2:1. The structural investigation of PS-I has been carried out using sugar and methylation analyses as well as 1D/2D NMR experiments ((1)H, (13)C, DEPT-135, DQF-COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, ROESY, HSQC, and HMBC). Based on the results of these experiments, the repeating unit of the PS-I was established as: [structure: see text]. PS-I showed in vitro macrophage activation by NO production and also stimulated splenocytes and thymocytes.
Subject(s)
Pleurotus/chemistry , Polysaccharides/chemistry , Polysaccharides/immunology , Shiitake Mushrooms/chemistry , Animals , Carbohydrate Conformation , Macrophages/immunology , Mice , Nitric Oxide/biosynthesis , Spleen/immunology , Structure-Activity Relationship , Thymocytes/immunologyABSTRACT
A water soluble polysaccharide isolated from the alkaline extract of the somatic hybrid mushroom (PfloVv5FB), obtained through protoplast fusion between Pleurotus florida and Volvariella volvacea strains was found to contain d-glucose only. Structural investigation was carried out using acid hydrolysis, methylation analysis; periodate oxidation, and NMR studies ((1)H, (13)C, DEPT-135, TOCSY, DQF-COSY, NOESY, ROESY, HSQC, and HMBC). On the basis of the above mentioned experiments the structure of the repeating unit of the polysaccharide was established as: This polysaccharide exhibited strong immunoactivation of macrophages, splenocytes as well as thymocytes.
Subject(s)
Adjuvants, Immunologic/chemistry , Adjuvants, Immunologic/pharmacology , Hybridization, Genetic , Pleurotus/chemistry , Volvariella/chemistry , beta-Glucans/chemistry , beta-Glucans/pharmacology , Adjuvants, Immunologic/isolation & purification , Animals , Carbohydrate Sequence , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Macrophages, Peritoneal/drug effects , Macrophages, Peritoneal/metabolism , Mice , Molecular Sequence Data , Pleurotus/genetics , Spleen/immunology , Thymocytes/drug effects , Thymocytes/immunology , Volvariella/genetics , beta-Glucans/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
A water soluble polysaccharide was isolated from the aqueous extract of the fruit bodies of somatic hybrid mushroom PCH3FB, obtained through protoplast fusion between the strains Pleurotus florida and Calocybe indica var. APK2. On the basis of sugar analysis, methylation analysis, periodate oxidation, and NMR studies ((1)H, (13)C, DEPT-135, DQF-COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, ROESY, HMQC and HMBC), the structure of the repeating unit of the polysaccharide was established as: [formula, see text] This molecule showed macrophage, splenocyte and thymocyte activations.
Subject(s)
Fungal Polysaccharides/chemistry , Fungal Polysaccharides/pharmacology , Macrophage Activation/drug effects , Macrophages/immunology , Pleurotus/chemistry , Thymocytes/immunology , Animals , Carbohydrate Conformation , Cells, Cultured , Macrophages/cytology , Mice , Thymocytes/cytologyABSTRACT
Two different glucans (PS-I and PS-II) were isolated from the alkaline extract of the fruiting bodies of an edible mushroom, Pleurotus florida blue variant and the PS-I showed macrophage, splenocyte and thymocyte activations. On the basis of sugar analysis, methylation analysis, periodate oxidation, and NMR studies ((1)H, (13)C, DEPT-135, DQF-COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, ROESY, HMQC and HMBC), the structure of the repeating unit of these polysaccharides were established.
Subject(s)
Adjuvants, Immunologic/chemistry , Adjuvants, Immunologic/pharmacology , Glucans/chemistry , Glucans/pharmacology , Pigmentation , Pleurotus/chemistry , Adjuvants, Immunologic/isolation & purification , Carbohydrate Sequence , Glucans/isolation & purification , Macrophages/drug effects , Macrophages/immunology , Molecular Sequence Data , Solubility , Spleen/drug effects , Spleen/immunology , Thymocytes/drug effects , Thymocytes/immunology , Water/chemistryABSTRACT
Two different glucans (water-soluble PS-I, water-insoluble PS-II) were isolated from the alkaline extract of the fruit bodies of hybrid mushroom. PS-I was found to consist of only (1â6)-linked ß-D-glucopyranose. PS-II was composed of terminal, (1â3,4)-linked, and (1â3)-linked ß-D-glucopyranosyl moieties in a molar ratio of nearly 1:1:1. PS-I showed macrophages, splenocytes, and thymocytes activation as well as antioxidant property. On the basis of sugar analysis, methylation analysis, and NMR studies ((1)H, (13)C, DEPT-135, TOCSY, DQF-COSY, NOESY, ROESY, HMQC, and HMBC), the structure of the repeating unit of these glucans were established as:
Subject(s)
Glucans/chemistry , Glucans/pharmacology , Hybridization, Genetic , Pleurotus/chemistry , Pleurotus/genetics , Volvariella/chemistry , Volvariella/genetics , Adjuvants, Immunologic/chemistry , Adjuvants, Immunologic/isolation & purification , Adjuvants, Immunologic/pharmacology , Animals , Antioxidants/chemistry , Antioxidants/isolation & purification , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Biphenyl Compounds/chemistry , Carbohydrate Sequence , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Glucans/isolation & purification , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Macrophages, Peritoneal/drug effects , Macrophages, Peritoneal/immunology , Mice , Molecular Sequence Data , Picrates/chemistry , Solubility , Spleen/cytology , Thymocytes/cytology , Thymocytes/drug effects , Water/chemistryABSTRACT
A water soluble polysaccharide isolated from the hot aqueous extract of Pleurotusostreatus cultivar was found to contain d-glucose and d-galactose in a molar ratio of nearly 7:1. Structural investigation was carried out using acid hydrolysis, methylation analysis, periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, and NMR studies ((1)H, (13)C, DEPT-135, TOCSY, DQF-COSY, NOESY, ROESY, HMQC, and HMBC). On the basis of the above mentioned experiments the structure of the repeating unit of the polysaccharide was established as: This heteroglycan stimulates macrophages, splenocytes, and thymocytes.
Subject(s)
Pleurotus/chemistry , Polysaccharides/chemistry , Carbohydrate Sequence , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Molecular Sequence Data , Polysaccharides/isolation & purification , Water/chemistryABSTRACT
Two different glucans (PS-I, water-soluble; and PS-II, water-insoluble) were isolated from the alkaline extract of fruit bodies of an edible mushroom Calocybe indica. On the basis of acid hydrolysis, methylation analysis, periodate oxidation, and NMR analysis ((1)H, (13)C, DEPT-135, TOCSY, DQF-COSY, NOESY, ROESY, HMQC, and HMBC), the structure of the repeating unit of these polysaccharides were established as: PS-I: â6)-ß-D-Glcp-(1â6)-ß-D-glcp-(1â6)-)-ß-D-Glcp-(1â α-D=Glcp (Water-soluble glucan). PS-II: â3)-ß-D-Glcp-(1â3)-ß-D-glcp-(1â3)-)-ß-D-Glcp-(1â3)-ß-D-Glcp-(1â ß-D-Glcp (Water-insoluble glucan, Calocyban).
Subject(s)
Agaricales/chemistry , Glucans/chemistry , Water/chemistry , beta-Glucans/chemistry , Carbohydrate Sequence , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , SolubilityABSTRACT
An immunoenhancing polysaccharide isolated from the aqueous extract of the fruit bodies of the mushroom, Pleurotus florida blue variant, was found to consist of d-glucose and d-galactose in a molar ratio of nearly 5:1. On the basis of sugar analysis, methylation analysis, periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, and NMR studies ((1)H, (13)C, DEPT-135, DQF-COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, ROESY, HMQC, and HMBC), the structure of the repeating unit of the polysaccharide was established as: â6)-ß-D-Glcp-(1â3)-α-D-glcp-(1â[6)-ß-D-Glcp-(1]3â α-D=Glcp. The molecule activated macrophages, splenocytes, and thymocytes.