Demonstrating Agreement between Radio and Fluorescence Measurements of the Depth of Maximum of Extensive Air Showers at the Pierre Auger Observatory.

We show, for the first time, radio measurements of the depth of shower maximum (X_{max}) of air showers induced by cosmic rays that are compared to measurements of the established fluorescence method at the same location. Using measurements at the Pierre Auger Observatory we show full compatibility between our radio and the previously published fluorescence dataset, and between a subset of air showers observed simultaneously with both radio and fluorescence techniques, a measurement setup unique to the Pierre Auger Observatory. Furthermore, we show radio X_{max} resolution as a function of energy and demonstrate the ability to make competitive high-resolution X_{max} measurements with even a sparse radio array. With this, we show that the radio technique is capable of cosmic-ray mass composition studies, both at Auger and at other experiments.

Dataset of night-time emissions of the Earth in the near UV range (290-430 nm), with 6.3 km resolution in the latitude range -51.6

The data presented in this article are related to the research paper entitled "Observation of night-time emissions of the Earth in the near UV range from the International Space Station with the Mini-EUSO detector" (Remote Sensing of Environment, Volume 284, January 2023, 113336, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2022.113336). The data have been acquired with the Mini-EUSO detector, an UV telescope operating in the range 290-430 nm and located inside the International Space Station. The detector was launched in August 2019, and it has started operations from the nadir-facing UV-transparent window in the Russian Zvezda module in October 2019. The data presented here refer to 32 sessions acquired between 2019-11-19 and 2021-05-06. The instrument consists of a Fresnel-lens optical system and a focal surface composed of 36 multi-anode photomultiplier tubes, each with 64 channels, for a total of 2304 channels with single photon counting sensitivity. The telescope, with a square field-of-view of 44°, has a spatial resolution on the Earth surface of 6.3 km and saves triggered transient phenomena with a temporal resolution of 2.5 µs and 320 µs. The telescope also operates in continuous acquisition at a 40.96 ms scale. In this article, large-area night-time UV maps obtained processing the 40.96 ms data, taking averages over regions of some specific geographical areas (e.g., Europe, North America) and over the entire globe, are presented. Data are binned into 0.1° × 0.1° or 0.05° × 0.05° cells (depending on the scale of the map) over the Earth's surface. Raw data are made available in the form of tables (latitude, longitude, counts) and .kmz files (containing the .png images). These are - to the best of our knowledge - the highest sensitivity data in this wavelength range and can be of use to various disciplines.

Assessing the Performance of Metadynamics and Path Variables in Predicting the Binding Free Energies of p38 Inhibitors.

The accurate yet efficient evaluation of the free energy profiles of ligand-target association is a long sought goal in rational drug design. Methods that calculate the free energy along realistic association pathways, such as metadynamics, have been shown to provide reliable profiles, while accounting properly for solvation and target flexibility. However, these approaches usually require prohibitive computational resources and expert human intervention. Here, we show how multiple walkers metadynamics, when performed with optimal path collective variables (PCV), provides in a predetermined amount of computer time an accurate set of free energy profiles for a series of p38 inhibitors. The chosen test set, spanning a wide range of activity, is a challenging benchmark, both for computational methods and for human intuition, as the correct order for the binding affinity cannot be easily guessed. An excellent ranking of the ligands was obtained with minimal human assistance, an important step toward a fully automated pharmaceutical work-flow.

[Current status of research on anticaries vaccines]. / Lo stato attuale della ricerca sui vaccini anticarie.

The experiment which was performed in different animal special confirmed that Streptococcus mutans is the main etiological agent implicated in dental caries. Nonetheless, since the use of anti-Streptococcal vaccines might lead to severe side effects, research is now focused on obtaining purified vaccines that do not create cruciate cardiac cross-reactivity.

[Bilateral bifid mandibular canal. Presentation of a case]. / Canale mandibolare bifido bilaterale. Presentazione di un caso.

Following the fortuitous finding of a bilateral bifid mandibular canal, suspected on the basis of orthopanoramic X-ray examination, CT of the mandibular region was carried out. As a result of this investigation, a bifid conformation of the mandibular canal was unequivocably evidenced.

[Apical granulomas and apical root cysts of inflammatory origin. A statistical study on 328 cases observed at the Ambulatory Services of Odontostomatology of the Ospedale Martini, via Tofane 71, Turin]. / Granulomi apicali e cisti radicolari apicali di origine infiammatoria. Indagine statistica effettuata su 328 casi osservati presso l'ambulatorio di Odontostomatologia dell'Ospedale Martini, via Tofane 71, Torino.

328 cases of chronic tooth lesions (apical granulomas and bone cysts) were examined in the Dental Surgery of the Martini Hospital in Turin and many received a later check-up. The complete series was statistically analysed in terms of lesion frequency in the different areas of the dental arch, lesion diameters and the chances of successful surgical intervention.