Liensinine and neferine exert neuroprotective effects via the autophagy pathway in transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans.

BACKGROUND: Liensinine and neferine are the main bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids obtained from the seeds of Nelumbo nucifera, which commonly used as edible food and traditional medicine in Asia. It was reported that liensinine and neferine could inhibit the activities of acetylcholinesterase and cross the blood-brain barriers, suggesting their therapeutic potential for the management of Alzheimer's disease. METHODS: Here, we employed SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells stably transfected with the human Swedish amyloid precursor protein (APP) mutation APP695 (APP695swe SH-SY5Y) as an in vitro model and transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans as an in vivo model to investigate the neuroprotective effects and underlying mechanism of liensinine and neferine. RESULTS: We found that liensinine and neferine could significantly improve the viability and reduce ROS levels in APP695swe SH-SY5Y cells, inhibit ß-amyloid and tau-induced toxicity, and enhance stress resistance in nematodes. Moreover, liensinine and neferine had obviously neuroprotective effects by assaying chemotaxis, 5-hydroxytryptamine sensitivity and the integrity of injured neurons in nematodes. Preliminary mechanism studies revealed that liensinine and neferine could upregulate the expression of autophagy related genes (lgg-1, unc-51, pha-4, atg-9 and ced-9) and reduce the accumulation of ß-amyloid induced autophagosomes, which suggested autophagy pathway played a key role in neuroprotective effects of these two alkaloids. CONCLUSIONS: Altogether, our findings provided a certain working foundation for the use of liensinine and neferine to treat Alzheimer's disease based on neuroprotective effects.

Extrusion of casein and whey protein isolate enhances anti-hardening and performance in high-protein nutrition bars.

Model high-protein nutrition bars (HPNBs) were formulated by incorporating whey protein isolate (WPI) and casein (CN) at various extrusion temperatures (50, 75, 100, 125, and 150 °C) with a protein content of 45 g per 100 g. The free sulfhydryl groups, amino groups, hardness, and microstructures of HPNBs were analyzed periodically at 37 °C over a storage period of 45 days. Specifically, sulfhydryl group, amino group and surface hydrophobicity of extruded whey protein isolate (WPE) and extruded casein (CE) were significantly reduced (P < 0.05) compared to those of unextruded protein. HPNBs formulated with WPE (HWPE) and CE (HWCE) exhibited a slower hardening rate compared to those formulated with unmodified protein. Moreover, the color difference, hardness and sensory score of HPNBs after 45 days of storage were used as indicators, and the results of the TOPSIS multiple index analysis indicated that HPNB formulated with WPI extruded at 150 °C possessed the best quality characteristics.

A protocol for gradient coating design zinc anodes for stable zinc ion batteries.

In this protocol, we present a modified gradient coating strategy for zinc anodes. We describe steps for synthesizing electrodes, measuring electrochemistry, and assembling and testing batteries. The protocol can be applied for broadening design ideas of functional interface coating. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Chen et al. (2023).1.

Correlation of cognitive function and clinical characteristics in adolescent depressive disorder patients with self-injury behavior / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the correlation between cognitive function and addiction, impulsivity, and anhedonia in adolescent depressive disorder patients with self-injury behavior.Methods:From September 2021 to October 2022, adolescents with depressive disorders who visited the outpatient department of the Qingdao Mental Health Center were enrolled and divided into self-injury group and non self-injury group based on the presence or absence of self-injury behaviors, each with 60 participants.A self-compiled general information questionnaire, the 17 items Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD-17), the Ottawa self-injury inventory (OSI), the Chinese version of the Barratt impulsiveness scale (BIS-11), and the temporal experience of pleasure scale(TEPS) were used to evaluate both groups.The Chinese brief cognitive test(C-BCT) was used to assess cognitive function in both groups.SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis, including t-test, χ2 test, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis. Results:The self-injury group had higher scores for OSI addiction factors (9.43±8.29) and BIS-11 (67.09±11.48) compared to the non self-injury group (OSI addiction factor scores: 0, BIS-11 scores: 53.70±7.12, t=6.22, 5.91, both P<0.05). TEPS score and C-BCT scores in various dimensions were lower in the self-injury group than those in the non self-injury group ( t=-2.93, -2.01, -2.88, -2.20, -5.35, all P<0.05). Information processing speed was negatively correlated with BIS-11 score ( r=-0.296, P<0.05), and attention score were negatively correlated with OSI addiction factor score and BIS-11 score ( r=-0.303, -0.561, both P<0.05) and positively correlated with TEPS score ( r=0.364, P<0.05), including a positive correlation with the scale of anticipatory anhedonia score ( r=0.318, P<0.05). Working memory score was negatively correlated with OSI addiction factor score and BIS-11 score ( r=-0.312, -0.416, both P<0.05). Comprehensive ability and executive function scores were negatively correlated with OSI addiction factor score and BIS-11 score ( r=-0.308, -0.679, both P<0.05), and positively correlated with TEPS score ( r=0.304, P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that BIS-11 scores were influencing factors of C-BCT dimensions ( β=-0.260, -0.592, -0.557, -1.797, t=-2.150, -3.314, -2.285, -5.165, all P<0.05). Conclusion:In adolescent depressive patients with self-injury, cognitive function is correlated with addiction, impulsivity and anhedonia, among which impulsivity is a risk factor for cognitive function.

Occurrence and Characteristics of Microplastics Contamination in Different Intensive Aquaculture Systems Nearby the Yangtze Estuary, China.

Microplastics (MPs) pollution has been extensively investigated in natural fishery waters, but studies on intensive aquaculture systems are scarce. Here, the occurrence and properties of MPs were investigated and compared between four different aquaculture systems nearby the Yangtze Estuary. The average MPs concentration was in order of recirculating aquaculture system (RAS, 1.67 particles/L) < aquarium (2.47 particles/L) < cement pond (10.09 particles/L) < earthen pond (13.81 particles/L). Compared to fragment MPs, fiber was the more abundant shape in aquarium (85.88%), RAS (77.61%) and earthen pond (68.13%). A total of six colors were found in four systems. The black MPs accounted for 56.86% and 47.45% in aquarium and RAS system, respectively. The high proportion of blue MPs was found in cement pond (37.65%) and earthen pond (40%). The most MPs sizes observed in the four systems were 43% of 50-300 µm MPs in aquarium; 44% and 30.19% of 300-1000 µm MPs in RAS and cement pond, respectively; and 30.19% of 3000-5000 µm MPs in earthen pond. For polymers, polypropylene occupied 47.83% in aquarium and RAS, 41.46% in cement pond and 27.79% in earthen pond. Proportion of rayon was highest in RAS (60.87%) and 34.04% of nylon was found in earthen pond. These results could provide scientific reference for further traceability and removal of MPs in different aquaculture systems.

Mesoporous vanadium nitride as anion storage electrode for reverse dual-ion hybrid supercapacitor.

In traditional dual-ion systems, the cathode usually is employed as anion-storage materials. Herein, we propose a new dual-ion hybrid supercapacitor with reverse anion/cation-storage mechanism, consisting of a mesoporous (MPs) VN anode as a pivotal anion-storage material and K2-xMn8O16 nanosheet arrays grown on carbon cloth (NSs/CC) as (K-storage) cathode. During charge/discharge, the anode and cathode reversibly store/release OH- ions and K+ ions, respectively. Herein, the MPs VN as anion-storage electrode can operate in an alkaline condition and deliver a high capacitance of 251 mF cm-2 with desired low-voltage plateau. More importantly, benefiting from unique reverse dual-ion mechanism, the (MPs VN-K2-xMn8O16 NSs/CC) hybrid device displays excellent rate performance and satisfying area capacitance along with good durability of 92.2% after 10,000 cycles at a scan rate of 100 mV s-1. It offers new ideas to expand the range of anion-storage materials in dual-ion hybrid supercapacitors.

Multifunctional integrated VN/V2O5 heterostructure sulfur hosts for advanced lithium-sulfur batteries.

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries show great potential in future electric transportation and large-scale grid storage applications because of their attractive theoretical energy density (2600 W h kg-1) and relatively abundant sulfur reserves. However, the rapid capacity decay and unsatisfactory sulfur loading caused by the lithium polysulphide (LiPS) dissolution and low electrical conductivity of sulfur are the most urgent issues plaguing its practical applications. Herein, we report a multifunctional nanoporous (NP) VN/V2O5 binary host that can efficiently resolve the above conflicts by the synergy between the functions of two materials. The inner V2O5 facilitates rapid trapping of numerous LiPSs while the outer porous VN with abundant NP channels offers high conductivity and mild chemisorption, thereby improving the localization and catalytic conversion ability of LiPSs. Accordingly, the designed cathodes with 1.87 mg cm-2 sulfur content achieve an acceptable areal specific capacity (2.72 mA h cm-2), excellent rate capability (963 mA h g-1 at 5.0C), and cycling stability. Remarkably, the cathodes with ultrahigh sulfur loading of 9.02 mg cm-2 deliver a satisfactory areal specific capacity (12.12 mA h cm-2) and still maintain excellent durability.

A new potassium dual-ion hybrid supercapacitor based on battery-type Ni(OH)2 nanotube arrays and pseudocapacitor-type V2O5-anchored carbon nanotubes electrodes.

Hybrid supercapacitors (HSCs) with the characteristics of high energy density, long cycle life and without altering their power density need to be developed urgently. Herein, a novel dual-ion hybrid supercapacitors (DHSCs) with Ni(OH)2 nanotube arrays (NTAs) as positive electrode and V2O5 directly grown on freestanding carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as negative electrode is assembled. In charging mechanism of DHSCs, K+ are inserted into the V2O5 negative while OH- react with Ni(OH)2 positive; during discharge, the K+ and OH- are released from V2O5 negative and Ni(OH)2 positive, respectively, and return back to the electrolyte, which is quite different from traditional metal ion or alkaline supercapacitors. Because of the merits combining dual-ion mechanism and HSCs, the DHSC displays excellent capacity retention of âˆ¼ 81.4% after 10,000 cycles, high energy density of âˆ¼ 25.4 µWh cm-2 and high power density of âˆ¼ 4.66 mW cm-2, indicating the potential applications in the further on flexible wearable electronics.

Diagnostic value of the new optical staining technology for domestic endoscope: a multicenter clinical study / 中华消化内镜杂志

Objective:A prospective, multicenter randomized controlled clinical research was conducted to explore the diagnostic value of the new optical staining technology for domestic endoscope, spectral focused imaging (SFI) and variable intelligent staining technology (VIST), for gastric precancerous lesions.Methods:Patients who intended to undergo gastroscopy between August 2020 and May 2021 were randomly divided into the white light group and the new optical staining group at the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital and the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University. A sequential examination method was applied (white light to new optical staining or new optical staining to white light). The endoscopic diagnostic results and the detection results of Helicobacter pylori ( HP) of the two groups were recorded. At the same time, such five variables as gastric mucosal atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, fold enlargement, nodular gastritis and diffuse redness were evaluated for the risk of gastric cancer in the two groups. Results:A total of 419 cases were enrolled, including 208 cases in the white light group and 211 cases in the new optical staining group. Compared with pathological findings, the detection rates of gastric inflammation, atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia and advanced cancer lesions in the white light group were 28.9%, 40.4%, 64.9%, 17.8%, 0.5% and 0.5% respectively; while those in the new optical staining group were 30.8%, 42.7%, 62.6%, 15.2%, 2.8% and 0.5%. There were no significant differences in the detection rates between the two groups ( P>0.05). Compared with pathology, the sensitivity, the specificity, the accuracy, the positive predictive value and the negative predictive value for gastric mucosal atrophy in the white light group were 92.9%, 61.3%, 74.0%, 61.9% and 92.7% respectively and those in the new optical staining group (SFI mode) were 94.4%, 64.5%, 77.3%, 66.4% and 94.0% respectively. The above 5 measures for gastric mucosal intestinal metaplasia were 68.1%, 72.6%, 69.7%, 82.1% and 55.2% in the white light group, and 87.1%, 89.9%, 88.2%, 93.5% and 80.7% in the new optical staining group (VIST mode), with significant difference between the two groups ( P<0.05). In terms of HP infection with 13C-urea breath test ( 13C-UBT) results as the gold standard, the above 5 measures were 90.2%, 84.3%, 87.4%, 86.8% and 88.2% in the white light group and 92.6%, 77.1%, 85.4%, 82.2% and 90.1% in the new optical staining group respectively. The proportion of high-risk gastric lesions in the new optical staining group was higher in cases of a gastric cancer risk score≥ 4 ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The new optical staining technology of domestic endoscopy has higher diagnostic value for gastric mucosal intestinal metaplasia. Gastroscopy is helpful for the detection of precancerous lesions with gastric cancer risk score as a tool. The new optical staining technology of domestic endoscopy is similar to imported endoscopy in diagnosing gastric precancerous lesions and HP infection, which is an effective means to detect gastric mucosal precancerous lesions.

Numerical study on the influence of the linewidth of a QCW pulsed sodium laser on the brightness of a guide star.

In this paper, we investigated the impact of the linewidth of a QCW pulsed sodium laser on the brightness performance of a generating sodium laser guide star by using the numerical simulation tool PRS. We compared the field test results with the simulation results for two TIPC's 30W class sodium guide star lasers and found the results are in good agreement which proves the tool can be used for prediction. Then, we used the tool to study the influence of D2b repumping and different linewidths from 10MHz to 1GHz on the coupling efficiency and the photon return flux. For the TIPC's QCW pulsed solid-state laser, when the on-sky power density is 1 W/m2, the coupling efficiency is 79.6 (photons/s/W/(atoms/m2)) without D2b repumping, however, the value is up to 213.3 (photons/s/W/(atoms/m2)) with 15% D2b enabled and is increased by 168% than the value without D2b; when the power density reaches 10 W/m2, the coupling efficiencies without D2b and with 15% D2b are 66.6 and 233.6 (photons/s/W/(atoms/m2)), respectively. The results show that for the QCW pulsed laser, D2b repumping is necessary. With D2b enabled, if the spectral linewidth is too wide or too narrow, the photon return flux will be adversely affected. The return flux of 60MHz is 52.5% higher than that of 1GHz, while the return flux of 300MHz is 37.8% higher than that of 10 MHz when the laser power is 100W.

Semi-coherent cation-rich Mn-Cu oxides heterostructures as cathode for novel aqueous potassium dual-ion energy storage devices.

In this work, combining both advantages of aqueous energy storage systems (ESS) and conventional dual-ion ESS, a novel aqueous dual-ion ESS is developed based on K+ and OH- electrochemistry by employing semi-coherent K1.33Mn8O16-CuO (sc-Mn-Cu) cathode. Profting from the elaborate design, the electrolyte and cathode simultaneously act as source of cations. In the novel aqueous dual-ion ESS configuration, the dependence of the performance on the electrolyte salt concentration is reduced and the sc-Mn-Cu cathode can host OH- with lower working potentials by conversion mechanism. Furthermore, based on the sc-Mn-Cu cathode and freestanding V2O3-VC (fs-V2O3-VC) anode, we developed a flexible quasi-solid-state device. Remarkably, it exhibits an ultrahigh energy density of ~39.9 µW h cm-2 together with high power density of carbon-based devices, which outperforms most previously reported flexible storage devices to our knowledge. These results indicating that the unique mechanism of the sc-Mn-Cu cathode opens up a promising direction for low-cost and high-performance novel aqueous ESS.

Comparative metabolomics analysis of pigmentary and structural coloration in discus fish (Symphysodon haraldi).

Discus fish have a variety of body colors including pigmentary and structural colors, studies on specific substances and related metabolic pathways associated with body coloration, however, are scarce to the present. Here, we used single-color (blue, yellow and white) of discus for comparative metabolomics analysis of pigmentary and structural coloration. Statistical model showed significant separations between three colors of discus, suggesting the distinct metabolite profiles of discus pigmentary and structural colors. More astaxanthin was found in yellow discus, which might be the cause of yellow pigmentary color. Moreover, docosahexaenoic acid, arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphocholine, dodecanoic acid and myristic acid related to lipid metabolism and pathways of ABC transporters and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids were more enriched in yellow discus. More adenine, xanthine and hypoxanthine were enriched in blue discus, which might account for the blue structural color. Moreover, amino acids associated with purine biosynthesis, e.g., L-alanine and L-isoleucine, were reduced but pathways of protein digestion and absorption, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, purine metabolism and glycine, serine and threonine metabolism were enriched in blue discus. Overall, these results reveal specific chromophores and related metabolic pathways involved in pigmentary and structural coloration of discus fish. SIGNIFICANCE: We detected specific chromophores present in skin of pigmentary and structural colors of discus and revealed potential metabolic pathways associated with body coloration. These results contribute to our understanding of the mechanism of body color formation in discus fish.

Exhaled breath detection is expected to become a new method for non-invasive screening of lung cancer— Project initiation of "research on the application of human exhaled breath detection technology based on quantum cascade laser in the diagnosis of lung cancer and other diseases" / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Being a non-invasive diagnostic technique for molecular biological markers, exhaled breath detection has the most latent capacity and future in the diagnosis and treatment of tumors. The National Key Research and Development Plan named "Strategic Advanced Electronic Materials" in 2020 has laid out the application of exhaled breath detection technology in the medical field, and the scientific research project led by Sichuan Cancer Hospital has been successfully launched. For the moment, as a novel strategy for early detection of lung cancer, exhaled breath detection is being perfected further and popularized or put in clinical practice step by step to reduce the mortality of lung cancer patients.

Predictive value of volatile organic compounds in exhaled breath on pulmonary nodule in people aged less than 50 years / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To investigate the predictive value of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on pulmonary nodules in people aged less than 50 years. Methods    The 147 patients with pulmonary nodules and aged less than 50 years who were treated in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of Sichuan Cancer Hospital from August 1, 2019 to January 15, 2020 were divided into a lung cancer group and a lung benign disease group. The lung cancer group included 36 males and 68 females, with the age of 27-49 (43.54±5.73) years. The benign lung disease group included 23 males and 20 females, with the age of 22-49 (42.49±6.83) years. Clinical data and exhaled breath samples were collected prospectively from the two groups. Exhaled breath VOCs were analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to select variables and establish a prediction model. The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the prediction model were calculated. Results    There were statistically significant differences in sex (P=0.034), smoking history (P=0.047), cyclopentane (P=0.002), 3-methyl pentane (P=0.043) and ethylbenzene (P=0.009) between the two groups. The sensitivity, specificity and area under the ROC curve of the prediction model with gender, cyclopentane, 3-methyl pentane, ethylbenzene and N,N-dimethylformamide as variables were 80.8%, 60.5% and 0.781, respectively. Conclusion    The combination of VOCs and clinical characteristics has a certain predictive value for the benign and malignant pulmonary nodules in people aged less than 50 years.

Analysis of current status of prophylactic anticoagulation in patients with venous thromboembolism after lung surgery: a single center study / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective:To identify the characteristics of venous thromboembolism(VTE) after lung surgery and the use of prophylactic anticoagulants. Inclusion criteria: (1) patients with primary pulmonary disease; (2) received pulmonary surgery; (3) Doppler ultrasound examination of lower extremity veins before and after operation.Methods:Patients who underwent lung surgery in our department from July 2016 to December 2017 were studied retrospectively.Results:A total of 659 patients who underwent lung surgery were analyzed, of which 58 patients had new diagnosis of VTE, after surgery with an incidence of 8.8%, and 151 patients were treated with prophylactic anticoagulants, with a total prophylactic use rate of 22.9%. According to the modified Caprini risk assessment scale, the patients were divided into three groups: low risk group(≤4 points), medium risk group(5-8 points) and high risk group(≥9 points). The proportion of prophylactic anticoagulation in each group was 4.0%(12/300), 36.3%(119/328) and 64.5%(20/31), respectively. The duration of prophylactic anticoagulation was also quite different, including 99 patients with anticoagulation for 1-3 days, 46 for 4-6 days, and 6 for 7-9 days. There was no significant difference in the incidence of VTE between patients who received prophylactic anticoagulation and patients who did not receive prophylactic anticoagulation( P>0.05). Conclusion:The incidence of VTE after pulmonary surgery is high, but the proportion of patients receiving prophylactic anticoagulation is low, and the anticoagulation course is too short, which leads to the poor preventive effect. It is suggested that the use of anticoagulants should be reasonably standardized in the future in order to improve the state of blood coagulation and prevent thrombosis.

GSK621 attenuates oxygen glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation-induced myocardial cell injury via AMPK-dependent signaling.

Recent studies have implied that activation of AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK) could protect myocardial cells from oxygen glucose deprivation-re-oxygenation (OGD/R). The aim of the present study is to test whether GSK621, a novel and direct AMPK activator, could exert myocardial cell protection against OGD/R. We show that in AC16 human myocardial cells and primary murine myocardiocytes GSK621 dose-dependently activated AMPK signaling. GSK621 pretreatment potently inhibited OGD/R-induced viability reduction, cell death and apoptosis in AC16 cells and primary myocardiocytes. Furthermore, GSK621 attenuated OGD/R-induced reactive oxygen species production and oxidative injury in the myocardial cells. AMPKα1 knockdown (via targeted shRNA), knockout (via a CRISPR/Cas9 construct) or dominant negative mutation (T172A) not only blocked GSK621-induced AMPK activation, but also nullified GSK621-mediated myocardial cell protection against OGD/R. Further studies demonstrated that GSK621 activated AMPK downstream Nrf2 signaling. Contrarily, Nrf2 silencing by targeted shRNAs almost abolished GSK621-induced anti-OGD/R myocardial cell protection. We conclude that GSK621 protects myocardial cells from OGD/R through activation of AMPK-dependent signaling.

Observation on efficacy, pharmacokinetic behaviors and safety of new modified RNA oligonucleotide targeting Foxo-1 via two routes of administration / 药学学报

Foxo-1 plays an important role in development of muscle atrophy, serving as a potential target for therapeutic treatment of the disease. In this study, the Foxo-1 mRNA was targeted by a Foxo-1 specific RNA oligonucleotide modified by 2'-O-methyl and with a butanol tag at the 3'-end. To understand the in vivo significance of new modified RNA oligos, efficacy, pharmacokinetic and safety profiles of the new modified RNA oligonucleotide targeting Foxo-1 were evaluated in mice. All experimental protocols were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The results showed that different doses of the RNA oligonucleotide can reduce the expression of Foxo-1 in mice by two routes of administration, leading to an increase in skeletal muscle mass of the mice. The results of pharmacokinetic evaluation showed that the plasma disappearance curve for the RNA oligonucleotide could be described by a two-compartmental model. The results of safety evaluation showed that no obvious adverse effects on renal and hepatic functions, nor on hematological parameters by intravenous or oral administration of the RNA oligo with a maximum dose of 30 mg·kg-1. Histopathology also did not reveal any significant changes in the morphology of the organs studied. In conclusion, the new modified RNA oligo is safe and effective in mice, providing experimental evidence supporting the significance for its clinical application.

A prospective cohort study on the effect of epidural labor analgesia on syndecan-1 in patients with preeclampsia / 复旦学报（医学版）

Objective To evaluate the treatment effects of epidural labor analgesia on syndecan-1 in patients with preeclampsia.Methods During Jan.,2016 and Dec.,2017,150 unipara females with preeclampsia and gestational age＞37 weeks were enrolled in the prospective cohort study.They were devided into intervention and control group (n =75 in each group) with and without epidural labor analgesia,based on whether epidural labor analgesia applications were made by the patients at the first examination of cervical dilation of 2 cm.The primary outcomes were mean change and change rate of syndecan-1 from baseline to 2 h post-treatment,and the secondary outcomes were visual analogue scale (VAS),IL-6 level and mean arterial pressure (MAP).Results Absolute change of syndecan-1 from baseline to 2 h post-baseline was (-11.49 ± 82.80) ng/mL in the intervention group and (45.09 ± 55.14) ng/mL in the control group,respectively.There was a significant difference in mean change of syndecan-1 between the two groups (P＜0.001).Similarly,the intervention group exhibited a greater reduction in change rate of syndecan-1 compared with the control group (P＜0.001).Moreover,the intervention group had greater reduction in VAS and MAP compared with the control group (P＜0.001 for both).There was no significant difference in IL-6 level between the two groups.Conclusions Epidural labor analgesia was associated with greater reduction in syndecan-1,VAS and MAP compared with the control condition.In contrast,administration of epidural analgesia did not significantly change IL-6 level.

Extraordinary pseudocapacitive energy storage triggered by phase transformation in hierarchical vanadium oxides.

Pseudocapacitance holds great promise for improving energy densities of electrochemical supercapacitors, but state-of-the-art pseudocapacitive materials show capacitances far below their theoretical values and deliver much lower levels of electrical power than carbon-based materials due to poor cation accessibility and/or long-range electron transferability. Here we show that in situ corundum-to-rutile phase transformation in electron-correlated vanadium sesquioxide can yield nonstoichiometric rutile vanadium dioxide layers that are composed of highly sodium ion accessible oxygen-deficiency quasi-hexagonal tunnels sandwiched between conductive rutile slabs. This unique structure serves to boost redox and intercalation kinetics for extraordinary pseudocapacitive energy storage in hierarchical isomeric vanadium oxides, leading to a high specific capacitance of ~1856 F g-1 (almost sixfold that of the pristine vanadium sesquioxide and dioxide) and a bipolar charge/discharge capability at ultrafast rates in aqueous electrolyte. Symmetric wide voltage window pseudocapacitors of vanadium oxides deliver a power density of ~280 W cm-3 together with an exceptionally high volumetric energy density of ~110 mWh cm-3 as well as long-term cycling stability.

Risk Factors Associated with Venous Thromboembolism after Lung Cancer Surgery: A Single-center Study / 中国肺癌杂志

BACKGROUND@#The Previous study has indicated that the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after lung cancer surgery is not uncommon. The aim of this study is to analyze the risk factors of postoperative VTE in lung cancer patients and provide a clinical basis for further prevention and treatment of VTE.@*METHODS@#This study was a single-center study. From July 2016 to December 2017, all patients with lung cancer who underwent surgery in our department were enrolled into this study. Except routine preoperative examinations, lower extremity Doppler ultrasound was performed in all patients before and after surgery to determine whether there was any newly developed deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Patients did not receive any prophylactic anticoagulant therapy before and after surgery. Patients were then divided into VTE group and control group according to whether VTE occurred after operation. Baseline data, surgical related data (surgery type, surgical procedure, etc.) and tumor pathological data (pathological type, vascular infiltration, pathological staging, etc.) were compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#According to the inclusion criteria, a total of 339 patients undergoing lung cancer surgery were analyzed. There were 166 males and 173 females with an age range of 23-86 years. A total of 39 patients developed VTE after surgery, the incidence rate of postoperative VTE was 11.5%. Comparing the age, gender, body mass index (BMI), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA), smoking status, underlying diseases, etc, there were no significant differences in other indicators except for significant differences in age; comparison between preoperative blood routine, blood biochemistry, coagulation, tumor markers, lung function, lower extremity venous ultrasound, preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels, preoperative D-dimer levels, there were significant differences in lung function and lower extremity intermuscular vein expansion ratio. There were no significant differences in other indexes between the two groups. The duration of surgery, surgical procedure, bleeding volume, pathological type, pathological stage, vascular invasion, were compared between the two groups. There were statistical differences in surgical methods (thoracic vs thoracoscopic) and bleeding volume. There were no significant differences in other indicators. Univariate analysis showed that age, preoperative CEA level, preoperative D-dimer level, poor pulmonary function, lower extremity intermuscular vein dilation ratio, thoracotomy rate, length of surgery, and amount of bleeding were significantly risk factors (P<0.05). There were no significant correlations between pathological stage and pathological type and VTE. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), surgical approach, and lower extremity intermuscular vein dilatation were independent risk factors for postoperative VTE in patients with lung cancer (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The results of this study suggest that FEV1, surgical procedures, and lower extremity intermuscular vein dilation are independent risk factors for postoperative VTE in patients with lung cancer.