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1.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1344602

ABSTRACT

As most evidence for mental health impacts of the COVID-19 crisis is cross-sectional, the present study aimed to analyze the longitudinal development of psychological suffering among 619 Brazilian adults by assessing mental health outcomes and individual factors in two periods: a year before and a month after the break of the pandemic. As major findings, pandemic psychological suffering was directly explained by previous-year suffering, conscientiousness, and pandemic perceived stress, and correlated with pandemic suicidal ideation. Pandemic perceived stress correlated with pandemic psychological distress, and was explained by previous-year suffering, neuroticism, and conscientiousness, as well as by pandemic life satisfaction and perceived pandemic impact. Finally, pandemic suicidal ideation variance was explained by prior ideation and pandemic life satisfaction. These findings are in line with current models of mental health and highlight the importance of integrating both more stable individual factors and more transient variables towards an explanation for mental health outcomes


Evidências dos impactos da crise da COVID-19 sobre a saúde-mental são em sua maioria transversais. Portanto, o presente estudo propôs-se a analisar o desenvolvimento longitudinal do sofrimento psicológico de 619 adultos brasileiros, avaliando fatores individuais e desfechos de saúde-mental em dois tempos: um ano antes e um mês após a deflagração da pandemia. O nível de sofrimento um mês após o início da pandemia foi explicado pelo sofrimento e conscienciosidade prévios e por estresse percebido na pandemia, correlacionando-se com ideação suicida pandêmica. Estresse percebido na pandemia foi explicado por neuroticismo, conscienciosidade e sofrimento anteriores, bem como por satisfação com a vida e impacto percebido na pandemia. Por fim, ideação suicida pandêmica foi explicada por ideação prévia e satisfação com a vida na pandemia. Esses achados corroboram modelos atuais de saúde-mental e ressaltam a importância de se integrar tanto fatores individuais estáveis quanto variáveis transientes à explicação de desfechos de saúde-mental


Evidencia de los impactos de la crisis del COVID-19 en la salud-mental es mayoritariamente transversal. Así, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar el desarrollo longitudinal del sufrimiento psicológico en 619 adultos brasileños, evaluando factores individuales y de salud-mental en dos períodos: un año antes y un mes después del brote de la pandemia. Sufrimiento psicológico pandémico se explica por sufrimiento y conscienciosidade anteriores y por estrés pandémico percibido, correlacionando con ideación suicida pandémica. Estrés percibido en la pandemia se correlacionó con sufrimiento psicológico pandémico y se explicó por neuroticismo, conscienciosidade y sufrimientos previos, así como por satisfacción con la vida y el impacto percibido pandémicos. Finalmente, ideación suicida pandémica se explica por ideación previa y satisfacción con la vida en la pandemia. Estos resultados corroboran modelos actuales de salud-mental y subrayan la importancia de integrar tanto factores individuales estables como variables transitorias en la explicación de resultados de salud-mental


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Students , Mental Health , COVID-19
2.
Int Psychogeriatr ; 25(12): 2057-65, 2013 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23905545

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The assessment of visuospatial abilities is usually performed by drawing tasks. In patients with very low formal education, the use of these tasks might be biased by their cultural background. The Stick Design Test was developed for the assessment of this population. We aim to expand the test psychometric properties by assessing its construct, criterion-related and ecological validity in older adults with low formal education. METHOD: Healthy older adults (n = 63) and Alzheimer's disease patients (n = 92) performed the Stick Design Test, Mini-Mental State Examination, Digit Span Forward and the Clock Drawing Test. Their caregivers answered Personal Care and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living). Construct validity was assessed by factor analysis, convergent correlations (with the Clock Drawing Test), and divergent correlations (with Digit Span Forward); criterion-related validity by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and binary logistic regression; and Ecological validity by correlations with ADL. RESULTS: The test factor structure was composed by one component (R 2 = 64%). Significant correlations with the Clock Drawing Test and Digit Span Forward were found, and the relationship was stronger with the first measure. The test was less associated with formal education than the Clock Drawing Test. It classified about 76% of the participants correctly and had and additive effect with the Mini-Mental State Examination (84% of correct classification). The test also correlated significantly with measures of ADL, suggesting ecological validity. CONCLUSIONS: The Stick Design Test shows evidence of construct, criterion-related and ecological validity. It is an interesting alternative to drawing tasks for the assessment of visuospatial abilities.


Subject(s)
Neuropsychological Tests/standards , Activities of Daily Living/psychology , Aged , Alzheimer Disease/diagnosis , Alzheimer Disease/psychology , Case-Control Studies , Educational Status , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Female , Humans , Male , Reproducibility of Results
3.
Psicol. pesq ; 7(1): 89-98, jan.-jun. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in English | Index Psychology - journals | ID: psi-59097

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) is a for the assessment of executive functions. We investigated its validity and reliability and proposed normative data in a representative sample of older adults. Method: 391 healthy elderly subjects and 93 Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients performed the FAB. Internal consistency, convergent correlations, ROC curve and logistic regression were used to assess its psychometric properties. Results: We found good internal consistency, significant correlations with other tests and moderate accuracy (64%) for AD diagnosis. The use of specific subtests increased diagnostic potential (75%). Normative data stratified by age and education were proposed. Conclusion: The FAB showed adequate psychometric properties. The normative values stratified by age and education can improve its clinical use for neuropsychological assessment.(AU)


Introdução: A Bateria de Avaliação Frontal (BAF) é um teste de rastreio para o exame das funções executivas. Investigou-se sua validade e fidedignidade e propuseram-se dados normativos em uma amostra representativa de idosos. Método: 391 idosos saudáveis e 93 pacientes diagnosticados com doença de Alzheimer (DA) realizaram a FAB. Consistência interna, correlações convergentes, curva ROC e regressão logística compuseram a avaliação das propriedades psicométricas do teste. Resultados: Foi encontrada boa consistência interna, correlações significativas com outros testes e acurácia moderada (64%) para o diagnóstico de DA. O uso de subtestes específicos aumentou o potencial diagnóstico (75%). Normatização estratificada por idade e escolaridade foi proposta. Conclusão: A BAF apresentou propriedades psicométricas adequadas. Os valores normativos estratificados por idade e escolaridade podem melhorar o uso desse instrumento no exame neuropsicológico.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Alzheimer Disease , Executive Function
4.
Psicol. pesq ; 7(1): 89-98, jun. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-692895

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) is a for the assessment of executive functions. We investigated its validity and reliability and proposed normative data in a representative sample of older adults. Method: 391 healthy elderly subjects and 93 Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients performed the FAB. Internal consistency, convergent correlations, ROC curve and logistic regression were used to assess its psychometric properties. Results: We found good internal consistency, significant correlations with other tests and moderate accuracy (64%) for AD diagnosis. The use of specific subtests increased diagnostic potential (75%). Normative data stratified by age and education were proposed. Conclusion: The FAB showed adequate psychometric properties. The normative values stratified by age and education can improve its clinical use for neuropsychological assessment.


Introdução: A Bateria de Avaliação Frontal (BAF) é um teste de rastreio para o exame das funções executivas. Investigou-se sua validade e fidedignidade e propuseram-se dados normativos em uma amostra representativa de idosos. Método: 391 idosos saudáveis e 93 pacientes diagnosticados com doença de Alzheimer (DA) realizaram a FAB. Consistência interna, correlações convergentes, curva ROC e regressão logística compuseram a avaliação das propriedades psicométricas do teste. Resultados: Foi encontrada boa consistência interna, correlações significativas com outros testes e acurácia moderada (64%) para o diagnóstico de DA. O uso de subtestes específicos aumentou o potencial diagnóstico (75%). Normatização estratificada por idade e escolaridade foi proposta. Conclusão: A BAF apresentou propriedades psicométricas adequadas. Os valores normativos estratificados por idade e escolaridade podem melhorar o uso desse instrumento no exame neuropsicológico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Alzheimer Disease , Executive Function
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