ABSTRACT
Forty eight primary and 20 secondary chondrosarcomas were treated surgically 1975 through 1991. An evaluation of the data of the Bone Tumor Register of the Semmelweis Medical University proved that the incidence of the malignant transformation and development of secondary chondrosarcomas is 3% and 2.6% among solitary osteochondromas. The authors summarize the clinicopathological characteristics of the malignant transformation. A retrospective evaluation of the histological grade of the malignancy proved that 67% of tumors were classified as grade I; 18% as grade II and 15% as grade III. The survival of the patients was mainly determined by the grade of the malignancy. A 95% 5-years survival was found in the grade I group and a 10% survival only in the grade II and III groups. In the cases of highly malignant chondrosarcomas radical surgical intervention i.e. amputation is recommended, considering the most often extra-compartmental location of the tumors. Low malignant and intra-compartmental highly malignant chondrosarcomas should be treated, however, by limb saving surgery. In the cases of large inresecable but low malignant chondrosarcomas debulking surgery is also acceptable.
Subject(s)
Chondrosarcoma/surgery , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Chondrosarcoma/pathology , Chondrosarcoma/secondary , Chondrosarcoma/therapy , Combined Modality Therapy , Female , Femoral Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Femoral Neoplasms/pathology , Femoral Neoplasms/surgery , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Humerus/diagnostic imaging , Humerus/pathology , Humerus/surgery , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Neoplasm Staging , Palliative Care , Radiography , Survival RateABSTRACT
S-alkylation reaction based on the Hantzsch synthesis followed by cyclization and aromatization reactions were used to develop an analytical procedure. The various thiocarbamide derivatives were transformed to substituted aminothiazol by using suitable alpha-halogenoketones as the reagents. At the end of the reaction the reaction products are present as 2-aminothiazol salts. The acidimetric determination of the latter can easily be performed using acetone or methanol as the solvents and 0.1 M sodium hydroxide as the titrant. The forming 2-aminothizols with their different basicities are characteristic of the parent thiocarbamide derivatives. On the basis of the different basicities their simultaneous determination is possible and the shape of the titration curves enables the thiocarbamides to be characterized and identified.
Subject(s)
Thiourea/analogs & derivatives , Alkylation , Thiourea/analysisABSTRACT
The polymorphic modifications of famotidine are described and characterized by their spectroscopic (infrared, X-ray) and some physico-chemical data. In addition to the standard physico-chemical data (melting point, solubility, bulk density) some further properties influencing its use in pharmaceutical technology are also characterized. The methods used to prepare the morphologically homogeneous modifications are also given.
Subject(s)
Famotidine/chemistry , Calorimetry, Differential Scanning , Drug Stability , Models, Molecular , Spectrophotometry, Infrared , Thermodynamics , X-Ray DiffractionSubject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Genital Neoplasms, Female/diagnosis , Breast Neoplasms/epidemiology , Female , Genital Neoplasms, Female/epidemiology , Humans , Hungary , Mammography , Mass Screening , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/diagnosis , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/epidemiology , Vaginal SmearsABSTRACT
It is reported on an advantageous mechanical data processing in nephrolithiases, which was organised by the authors and is performed in form of a "nephrolith-dispensary-card" with filtration of the data and mechanical questioning.
