Avaliação e alterações eletrocardiográficas encontradas em atletas do Centro de Treinamento Esportivo da UFMG / Electrocardiography interpretation and alterations found in athletes from the sports training Centre of Federal University of Minas Gerais

Introdução: a prática esportiva promove alterações morfofuncionais no coração, que estão relacionadas ao tempo e intensidade do treinamento. Essas alterações são demonstráveis ao ECG de repouso e podem incluir sobrecarga ventricular, distúrbios do ritmo e da condução. Objetivos: avaliar as alterações eletrocardiográficas em atletas do Centro de Treinamento Esportivo da UFMG. Métodos: o total de 68 atletas foi submetido à avaliação clínica composta de anamnese, exame físico e realização de ECG de repouso de 12 derivações, realizado por um único médico do esporte com experiência prévia. Resultados: a média de idade dos atletas foi de 14,6 ± 2,75 anos, sendo 41 deles do sexo masculino (60,3%) e 27 do sexo feminino (39,7%). Foram encontradas alterações no ECG de 45 indivíduos (66,2%), todas elas consideradas não patológicas para um atleta. A repolarização precoce foi encontrada em 34 atletas. A bradicardia sinusal isolada aparece em 18 atletas. Outras alterações encontradas foram ritmo atrial ectópico, bloqueio incompleto de ramo direito, bloqueio atrioventricular de primeiro grau e arritmia sinusal. Conclusões: tais alterações encontradas são consideradas não patológicas e normalmente encontradas em cerca de 60% dos atletas. Reconhecer essas condições fisiológicas é de fundamental importância para o trabalho do médico do esporte, já que pode evitar custos adicionais e afastamentos desnecessários da atividade esportiva.

Introduction: Practicing sports can promote alterations in the heart, related to duration and intensity of the activity. These changes can be seen on the resting ECG and include ventricular overload and rhythm and conduction disturbances. Objectives: To assess the electrocardiographic alterations in athletes from the Sports Training Centre of Federal University of Minas Gerais. Methods: 68 athletes were submitted to a medical evaluationthat included clinical history, physical examination and a resting ECG realized by a sports medicine doctor with previous experience. Results: The average age was 14,6± 2,75 years old. 41 males (60,3%) and 27 females (39,7%) were evaluated. 45 individuals (66,2%) presentedalterations on the ECG, all non pathological for an athlete. Early repolarization was found in 34 athletes. Sinus bradycardia alone was found in 18 athletes. Other alterations found were ectopic atrial rhythm, incomplete right bundle block, incomplete right bundle block, first degree atrioventricular bundle and sinus arrhythmia. Conclusions: Alterationsfound in this study are non pathological and commonly presentin60% of athletes. Being able to recognize these physiological conditions is extremely important for a sports medicine doctor, as they can prevent additional costs and unnecessary cease of work activity.

Displaced radial neck fractures in children: association of the Métaizeau and Böhler surgical techniques.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the results of surgical treatment of displaced radial neck fractures in children using an association of the Böhler reduction technique and the intramedullary fixation described by Métaizeau. METHODS: Of the 68 children diagnosed with radial neck fractures, 28 (41.1%) were classified as O'Brien type III and surgically treated by the association of Böhler and Métaizeau techniques between December 1998 and April 2007. Two patients were excluded for loss to follow-up, with a total of 26 patients (38.2%) remaining in the study group. The mean follow-up period was 52+/-3.2 months (range, 1.7 to 10 y). RESULTS: Consolidation was achieved in all the fractures after 5 weeks postoperatively. None of the patients presented perioperative complications or infections. Only 1 child developed pain and loss of motion, requiring surgical revision. According to Tibone and Stoltz classification, 17 children (65.3%) healed with excellent results, 6 children(23%) with good results, 2 children (7.6%) with fair results, and 1 (3.8%) with poor results. CONCLUSIONS: This association of techniques presents an excellent option for O'Brien type III fractures of the radial neck. It is easily executed, does not require elbow arthrotomy, and shows few complications. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: This is a therapeutic study level IV (case series).

Avaliação prospectiva dos pacientes submetidos à artroplastia total do joelho com e sem colocação de dreno de sucção / Six month follow-up of patients submitted to total knee arthroplasty with and without placement of suction drainage devices

OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar prospectivamente o padrão de evolução e complicações pós-operatórias relacionadas ao uso de drenos de sucção quando comparado à não utilização destes dispositivos na ATJ. MÉTODOS: Foram incluídos 42 pacientes de um serviço de referência em cirurgia do joelho. Quinze pacientes não receberam e 27 receberam dreno de sucção no pós-operatório. Os parâmetros avaliados foram: amplitude de movimento (ADM), índices hematimétricos, circunferência do joelho e taxa de complicações. O período de observação estendeu-se até o sexto mês de pós-operatório. RESULTADOS: Não foi observada diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos quanto à circunferência do joelho, hemoglobina, hematócrito, taxa de transfusão e índice de infecção. Com relação à amplitude de movimentos, não houve diferença estatística entre os grupos com e sem dreno no pré-operatório (p = 0,126), primeiro DPO (p = 0,583), quinto ao sétimo DPO (p = 0,076) e seis meses de pós-operatório (p = 0,848). Foi identificada diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos na avaliação entre o 14º e 28º DPO (p = 0,025). CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo conclui que não existe benefício no uso de dreno de sucção fechado na ATJ além de seis meses de pós-operatório. No entanto, a ADM ao final do primeiro mês é melhor no grupo que utilizou o dreno de sucção.

OBJECTIVE: Our aim is to prospectively evaluate the standard evolution and post-operative complications related to the use of suction drainage devices when compared to not using these devices in TKA. METHODS: Forty-two patients from a clinic referred to knee surgery were included. Fifteen patients did not receive suction drainage postoperatively and 27 received suction drainage. The parameters evaluated were the range of movement, hematometric indices, knee circumference, and complications for each group. Patients were observed for six months after the surgical procedure. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in knee circumference, hemoglobin, hematocrit, transfusion rate, and infection index. The analysis of the range of movement did not reveal statistically significant differences between the groups preoperatively (p=0.126), during the first postoperative day (p=0.583), fifth to seventh postoperative day (p=0.076) and at six months follow-up (p=0.848). There was a statistically significant difference between groups in the comparison during the 14th and 28th postoperative days (p=0.025). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, there is no benefit to using closed suction drains beyond six months after TKA. However, the range of movement at the end of the first month is superior in patients that received suction drainage.

Gastric emptying before and after cholecystectomy in patients with cholecystolithiasis.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The objective of the present study was to measure gastric emptying time of solids and semisolids in dyspeptic individuals with cholecystolithiasis before and 6 months after cholecystectomy in order to determine whether cholecystectomy interferes with gastric emptying. METHODOLOGY: A prospective, self-pairing study was conducted on 29 patients selected according to appropriate inclusion and exclusion criteria. Gastric emptying time of solids and semisolids was determined before and six months after laparoscopic cholecystectomy by the 13C-octanoic acid and 13C-acetate breath tests, respectively. The samples were analyzed by infrared spectrometry. The gastric retention time (lag phase) and gastric emptying half-time of solid and semisolid were determined and the results obtained before and after surgery were compared in the same patient. In addition, the effects of surgery on dyspeptic symptoms were assessed. RESULTS: No significant differences (p>0.05) in gastric retention time and gastric emptying half-time of solid and semisolid test meals were observed before and after cholecystectomy. Dyspeptic symptoms (pain, upper abdominal gases, early satiety, nausea and vomiting) improved after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy does not interfere with the gastric emptying time of solids or semisolids in dyspeptic individuals with cholecystolithiasis.