ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Malnutrition is a common problem in the elderly population but has not been fully studied in elderly people with hip fractures. The goal is to estimate annual mortality based on nutrition in the elderly with hip fracture and compare motor functionality. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective cohort of patients over 65 years of age with hip fracture included in the Institutional Register of The Elderly with Hip Fracture of a University Hospital, between July 2014 and July 2018. Nutritional status with Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA-SF) was assessed at hospital admission. Motor functional capacity was evaluated with Parker Scale (PS) basal, at three and 12 months. RESULTS: 1,253 patients were included. 49.92% (CI95% 47.12-52.72) were malnourished. The annual mortality of the well-nourished (WN) was 9.45% (CI95% 7.23-12.30) against 21.52% (CI95% 18.12-25.45; p 0.001) of the malnourished (MN). The risk of death was associated with malnutrition HR 2.45 (CI95% 1.75-3.43; p 0.001). After adjusting it by age, sex, fragility, AVD, Charlson comorbility index and dementia, the risk remained HR 1.71 (CI95% 17-2.49; p = 0.005). With respect to functionality, the basal Parker Scale median (EP) for the WN group was 9 (RIC6-9) and for MN was 5 (RIC3-9) p 0.001, 6 months (RIC3-6) and 4 (RIC2-6) p 0.001 and 12 months 6 (RIC4-7) and 3 (RIC2-6) p 0.001. CONCLUSIONS: There is an association between the malnutrition of the elderly with hip fracture and its mortality with a year of evaluation; we also find a difference in motor functionality.
INTRODUCCIÓN: La malnutrición es una problemática frecuente en la población anciana, pero no ha sido completamente estudiado en ancianos con fractura de cadera. El objetivo es estimar mortalidad anual según nutrición en ancianos con fractura de cadera y comparar la funcionalidad motora. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Cohorte retrospectiva de pacientes mayores de 65 años con fractura de cadera incluidos en el Registro Institucional de Ancianos con Fractura de Cadera de un Hospital Universitario, entre Julio de 2014 y Julio de 2018. Se evaluó el estado nutricional con Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA-SF) al ingreso hospitalario. La capacidad funcional motora fue evaluada con escala de Parker (EP) basal, a los tres y 12 meses. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 1,253 pacientes. 49.92% (IC95% 47.12-52.72) estaba malnutrido. La mortalidad anual de los bien nutridos (BN) fue de 9.45% (IC95% 7.23-12.30) contra 21.52% (IC95% 18.12-25.45; p 0.001) de los malnutridos (MN). El riesgo de muerte se asoció a la malnutrición HR 2.45 (IC95% 1.75-3.43; p 0.001). Luego de ajustarlo por edad, sexo, fragilidad, AVD, índice de comorbilidades de Charlson y demencia, el riesgo se mantuvo HR 1.71 (IC95% 17-2.49; p = 0.005). Con respecto a la funcionalidad, la mediana de la escala de Parker (EP) basal para el grupo BN fue 9 (RIC6-9) y para MN fue 5 (RIC3-9) p 0.001, a los tres meses 6 (RIC3-6) y 4 (RIC2-6) p 0.001 y a los 12 meses 6 (RIC4-7) y 3 (RIC2-6) p 0.001. CONCLUSIONES: Existe asociación entre la malnutrición del anciano con fractura de cadera y su mortalidad al año, asimismo una diferencia en la funcionalidad motora.
Subject(s)
Hip Fractures , Nutritional Status , Aged , Geriatric Assessment , Humans , Nutrition Assessment , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: There is a tendency for the aging population to fracture their hips. Our aim was to compare survival and functionality at one year, among elderly and very elderly patients with hip fracture. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective cohort of patients included in the Institutional Registry of Elderly Patients with Hip Fracture between 2014 and 2017. We classified patients as elderly patients (EP) <65 and <85 years and very elderly patients (VEP) ≥85 years. RESULTS: We included 952 patients, 43% were EP and 57% were VEP. The proportion of women was 84% and 86% (P=.33) and with 2 or more points in the Charlson comorbidities index (28 and 31%, P= .36), respectively. The VEP were more dependent according to the Barthel score (34% and 62%, P<.01) and frailer according to the Edmonton score (30% and 61%, P<.01). One-year survival was 91% (95% CI 86-93) in the EP and 76% (95% CI 70-89) in the VEP. In-hospital complications were more frequent in the VEP 12% (7% in the EP, P<.01). Age is an independent risk factor for one-year survival (HR 2.11; 95% CI 1.36-3.29, P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: Age is a risk factor for the VEP group survival despite fragility and comorbidities. Because of their vulnerability, an appropriate care plan should be considered for VEP.
