ABSTRACT
El presente estudio tiene por objetivo comparar la demanda física y fisiológica en jóvenes jugadores de fútbol en juegos oficiales y juegos reducidos. Participaron 17 jugadores (16,0 ± 0,2 años de edad) siendo evaluados en siete juegos reducidos (3X3+porteros) y dos partidos oficiales. En los juegos reducidos, en 71,9% del tiempo se trabajó al 90% de la FC máx., versus el 44,4% en los juegos oficiales. La FC máx. fue mayor (p <0,01) en la situación oficial del juego y la media de FC no difirió significativamente (p ≥0,05). El número de sprints y la distancia recorrida fueron mayores en los juegos reducidos (p <0,01). Durante ambas situaciones de juego, los jugadores tienen respuestas físicas y fisiológicas intensas. Sin embargo, el modelo 3X3+porteros exige más esfuerzos de alta intensidad y mayores cargas externas por minuto jugado que los juegos oficiales. (AU)
Present study aims to compare the physical and physiological demands of youth football players in official match and small-sided game. 17 players (16.0 ± 0.2 years of age) participated in the study. Seven small-sided games (GK3-3GK) and two official matches were monitored. In small-sided games, 71.9% of the time was spent above 90% of HRmax, against 44.4% in the official matches. The HRmax was higher (p <0.01) in the official match situation and the HRmean did not differ significantly (p ≥0.05). Sprints and total distance were higher in the small-sided game (p <0.01). During both situations, players present intense physical and physiological responses. However, the GK3x3GK elicits more efforts in high intensity and superior external demand per playing minute than official matches. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Soccer/physiology , Physical Exertion , Exercise , Athletes , 28599 , Resistance TrainingABSTRACT
This study presents the use of dry bean pods as a solid phase for fluorescein removal from water. The non-pretreated solid phase did not display any sorption properties for the chosen dye. However, interesting sorption properties were observed following a chemical derivative treatment with nitric acid. The study was carried out using both batch and column approaches. Regarding the batch study, all parameters that influence sorption capacity, such, as pH, adsorbent mass, ionic strength, temperature and contact time, were evaluated. A sorptive capacity of 36.80 mg g-1 was obtained in the optimized condition. In the fixed column bed study, the influence of particle size, flow rate and initial concentration of the dye were evaluated through breakthrough curves and a sorptive capacity of 4.35 mg g-1 was obtained. Thermodynamic studies revealed that the adsorption is exothermic and spontaneous. Four different models, Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Redlich-Patterson, were employed. The Akaike information criterion (AIC) was employed to rank the best equilibrium model, which was determined as the Freundlich isotherm. The method was applied to a real sample and the same removal rate was obtained, thus indicating its suitability to wastewater treatment.
