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1.
J Small Anim Pract ; 63(11): 834-842, 2022 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35971668

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical presentation, diagnostic findings, treatment and long-term outcome following surgery of dogs and cats undergoing surgical treatment for a double aortic arch. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medical records of dogs and cats diagnosed with a double aortic arch between 2005 and 2022 at three small animal referral hospitals were retrospectively reviewed. Long-term outcome was assessed by a clinical examination and/or by contacting the owners or referring veterinarians. RESULTS: Two dogs and two cats were included. Regurgitation after eating, stunted growth and poor weight gain were the predominant clinical features. All animals had thoracic radiography and oesophagography; a dilation of the cranial thoracic oesophagus cranial to the heart base, was described in all animals. CT angiography confirmed double aortic arch in three of these and the right aortic arch was larger and appeared more well developed compared with the left aortic arch in all based on CT or surgical findings. Surgery was performed via a left fourth intercostal thoracotomy; ligation and transection of the lesser left aortic arch was performed. Follow-up time ranged from 360 to 1563 days. All animals showed a marked improvement during the postoperative period, and all gained weight gradually. Owners' perception of the surgical procedure outcome and quality of life was described as excellent for all animals. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Surgical ligation of the lesser aortic arch in dogs and cats with double aortic arch is associated with a favourable prognosis for recovery, resolution of clinical signs, and quality of life with only minor feeding modifications.


Subject(s)
Cat Diseases , Dog Diseases , Vascular Ring , Dogs , Cats , Animals , Vascular Ring/veterinary , Retrospective Studies , Quality of Life , Cat Diseases/surgery , Dog Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Dog Diseases/surgery , Treatment Outcome
2.
J Small Anim Pract ; 60(2): 126-130, 2019 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29536551

ABSTRACT

A 9-month-old domestic short-haired cat presented with stunted growth and chronic gastrointestinal signs. Tachypnoea, a heart murmur and cranial abdominal bruit were detected on physical examination. Echocardiography revealed volume overload in all heart chambers. CT angiography identified an abnormal communication between the hepatic arterial circulation and the portal vein, along with multiple acquired shunts. The abnormal vascular communication was surgically ligated. Echocardiography documented improvement in cardiac parameters following surgery and the cat continues to have no clinical signs 39 months after surgery. This report describes successful surgical management of feline hepatic arterioportal fistula for the first time.


Subject(s)
Arteriovenous Fistula/veterinary , Animals , Cats , Computed Tomography Angiography , Hepatic Artery , Liver , Portal Vein
3.
J Small Anim Pract ; 60(4): 254-260, 2019 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29659020

ABSTRACT

Three West Highland white terriers were presented for investigation of left-sided para-aural abscessation. CT revealed chronic otitis media with extensive osseous proliferation surrounding the horizontal and vertical ear canals contiguous with the expanded temporal bone, consistent with a unilateral variant of craniomandibular osteopathy. A left total ear canal ablation with lateral bulla osteotomy was performed in all dogs. An ultrasonic bone curette (Sonopet; Stryker) proved useful when removing the osseous proliferation in two dogs. Histopathological examination of the ear canals was consistent with craniomandibular osteopathy and the treatment led to resolution of the presenting clinical signs in all dogs. To our knowledge, this is the first report of craniomandibular osteopathy engulfing the external ear canal, presumably leading to chronic otitis media and para-aural abscess formation. This is also the first reported use of an ultrasonic bone curette in canine otic surgery.


Subject(s)
Dog Diseases , Otitis Externa/veterinary , Otitis Media/veterinary , Abscess/veterinary , Animals , Dogs , Ear Canal , Osteotomy/veterinary
4.
J Small Anim Pract ; 59(4): 201-210, 2018 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29165804

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To report the short- and long-term outcomes of one- or two-staged suture attenuation for complete closure of intrahepatic congenital portosystemic shunts in dogs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of dogs surgically treated for intrahepatic congenital portosystemic shunts between February 2000 and March 2015. Long-term follow-up was conducted by telephone conversations with the referring veterinary surgeon, owner, or both. RESULTS: In total, 55 dogs had suture attenuation of their intrahepatic congenital portosystemic shunt; 10 dogs (18·2%) tolerated complete attenuation, whilst 45 dogs (81·8%) tolerated partial attenuation. Postoperative complications occurred in 24 dogs (43·6%), and six dogs (10·9%) died. Repeat surgery was performed in 33 of 39 dogs (84·6%) that had previously undergone partial attenuation, and 27 of these (84·9%) ultimately achieved complete shunt attenuation. One dog (3·0%) died following second surgery, resulting in an overall postoperative mortality of seven of 55 (12·7%). Detailed follow-up was available for 22 dogs that were still alive at a median of 29 months after surgery (7·4 to 103·1) with a subjectively good quality of life. Of 17 dogs (82·4%), 14 with complete attenuation in one or two surgeries had an excellent outcome compared with one of five dogs (20%) with persistent shunting. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Staged suture ligation resulted in a high proportion of complete attenuation and reduced persistent shunting compared with a single surgery. Repeat surgery was associated with fewer complications than the first surgery. The proportion of dogs with an excellent outcome was greater for those that had complete attenuation in one or two surgeries compared with those with persistent shunting.


Subject(s)
Dogs/abnormalities , Portal System/abnormalities , Suture Techniques/veterinary , Animals , Dogs/surgery , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Male , Portal System/surgery , Postoperative Complications/veterinary , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
5.
J Small Anim Pract ; 58(9): 485-494, 2017 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28727148

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to establish the evidence base for the treatment of intrahepatic congenital portosystemic shunts in dogs through a systematic review of the pertinent literature. Studies were filtered for evidence to answer the question "Which of the treatment options for intrahepatic CPSS in dogs offers the best short- and long-term outcome?" Studies were assigned a level of evidence based on a system published by the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. Thirty-two studies were included in the review. Twenty-six provided level 4 evidence and six provided level 5 evidence. There were no level 1, 2 or 3 studies. One study compared surgical treatment with medical management and one study compared suture ligation with ameroid constrictor placement. The remaining studies were case series describing the outcome for one treatment method alone. Methods and timings of assessments of short- and long-term outcomes were highly varied, making direct comparisons challenging. The evidence regarding the treatment of intrahepatic congenital portosystemic shunts in dogs is weak, with only two studies directly comparing treatments. There is a lack of evidence regarding short- and long-term outcomes on which to base clinical decisions.


Subject(s)
Dog Diseases/surgery , Dogs/abnormalities , Portal System/abnormalities , Animals , Dog Diseases/congenital , Dogs/surgery , Evidence-Based Medicine , Ligation , Portal System/surgery , Treatment Outcome
6.
J Small Anim Pract ; 57(3): 159-62, 2016 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26017318

ABSTRACT

A 2-year-old female neutered golden retriever was presented for investigation of an intra-abdominal mass. Computed tomography revealed a mass associated with the caudal pole of the right kidney. Incisional biopsy findings were consistent with eumycotic mycetoma. The mass was subsequently removed in conjunction with right ureteronephrectomy. Two years later, the dog re-presented with a splenic mass and fungal plaques located throughout the peritoneum. Splenectomy was performed and the mass was diagnosed as eumycotic mycetoma caused by Penicillium duponti. Indefinite systemic treatment with 10 mg/kg itraconazole orally once a day was initiated. Thirty-two months after the last surgery, there were no clinical signs apart from mild polydipsia. Haematology and biochemistry results were unremarkable. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of successful treatment of intra-abdominal eumycotic mycetoma with a combination of surgery and systemic antifungal therapy in the dog. Penicillium duponti has not apparently been reported to cause disease in animals or humans.


Subject(s)
Dog Diseases/microbiology , Mycetoma/veterinary , Penicillium , Animals , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Combined Modality Therapy/veterinary , Dog Diseases/drug therapy , Dog Diseases/surgery , Dogs , Female , Itraconazole/therapeutic use , Mycetoma/drug therapy , Mycetoma/microbiology , Mycetoma/surgery , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/veterinary
8.
J Small Anim Pract ; 54(6): 313-7, 2013 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23581608

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence, outcome and risk factors for postoperative pyothorax in dogs undergoing thoracic surgery. METHODS: Case records were reviewed retrospectively to identify dogs with post thoracic surgery pyothorax, defined as septic neutrophilic inflammation within the pleural space based on cytology and/or a positive bacterial culture of pleural fluid. Those identified were reviewed for potential risk factors for postoperative pyothorax based on biological plausibility and previously published data. These potential risk factors were explored by multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: Of 232 dogs undergoing thoracic surgery, 15 (6.5%) dogs developed pyothorax. Bacteria cultured included methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and multi-resistant Escherichia coli. Of these dogs, six died, four were euthanased and five were treated successfully. A diagnosis of idiopathic chylothorax [Odds Ratio (OR)=12.5, 95% Confidence Interval (CI)=2.7-58.5, P=0.001], preoperative intrathoracic biopsy (OR=14.3, 95% CI=1.7-118.7, P=0.014) and preoperative thoracocentesis (OR=11.2, 95% CI=1.6-78.2, P=0.015) were identified as independent risk factors for development of postoperative pyothorax. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Idiopathic chylothorax, intrathoracic biopsy and prior thoracocentesis are independent risk factors for postoperative pyothorax, which was associated with a 67% mortality rate.


Subject(s)
Dog Diseases/etiology , Empyema, Pleural/veterinary , Thoracic Surgical Procedures/veterinary , Animals , Biopsy/adverse effects , Biopsy/veterinary , Chylothorax/complications , Chylothorax/surgery , Chylothorax/veterinary , Dog Diseases/epidemiology , Dogs , Empyema, Pleural/epidemiology , Empyema, Pleural/etiology , Female , Male , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Postoperative Complications/veterinary , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Survival Analysis , Thoracic Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Treatment Outcome
9.
J Small Anim Pract ; 53(1): 3-11, 2012 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22098116

ABSTRACT

A variety of surgical treatments and medical therapies are recommended for dogs with extrahepatic congenital portosystemic shunts (CPSS). The objective of this review was to assess the evidence base for the management of extrahepatic CPSS in dogs. An online bibliographic search was performed in November 2010 to identify articles relating to the question "Which of the treatment options for extrahepatic CPSS in dogs offers the best short- and long-term outcomes?" Articles were assigned a level of evidence based on a modified grading system. Thirty-eight articles were included in the review. Thirty-six articles were classified as grade 4 and two as grade 5. The timings and methods of assessment of short- and long-term outcomes varied widely between studies. One prospective study (grade 4a) showed that surgically treated dogs survived significantly longer than medically treated dogs. Four retrospective studies (grade 4b) compared the outcome of two surgical techniques but there were no statistically significant differences between treatment groups in terms of complications or outcome. The review found that the evidence base for the treatment of extrahepatic CPSS is weak. There is a lack of evidence of short- and long-term outcomes to recommend one treatment over another.


Subject(s)
Dog Diseases/therapy , Dogs/abnormalities , Portal System/abnormalities , Animals , Dog Diseases/congenital , Dog Diseases/surgery , Dogs/surgery , Evidence-Based Medicine , Portal System/surgery , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Postoperative Complications/veterinary , Survival Analysis , Treatment Outcome
10.
Vet Rec ; 165(15): 436-41, 2009 Oct 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19820258

ABSTRACT

The clinical findings and outcomes following surgical management of spontaneous gastroduodenal perforations in 15 dogs were reviewed in a retrospective study to identify related risk factors. Clinical and clinicopathological findings were diverse. Use of multiple diagnostic procedures yielded a strong index of suspicion for gastrointestinal perforation. There was a trend towards improved survival for animals with perforation of the gastric fundus/body compared to pyloric or duodenal perforation, although the difference was not statistically significant. Five dogs were euthanased at surgery; two dogs died within two days after surgery. Seven of the eight surviving dogs had a favourable long-term outcome. Previous administration of NSAIDs was the only identified predisposing factor in ten of 10 of the dogs.


Subject(s)
Dog Diseases/pathology , Peptic Ulcer Perforation/veterinary , Animals , Dog Diseases/surgery , Dogs , Female , Male , Peptic Ulcer Perforation/pathology , Peptic Ulcer Perforation/surgery , Retrospective Studies
11.
Vet Rec ; 165(8): 226-9, 2009 Aug 22.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19700782

ABSTRACT

Plasma concentration of lactate and the values of pH, pO(2) and pCO(2) were measured in the portal, systemic venous and, when possible, systemic arterial blood of 31 dogs with a single congenital portosystemic shunt, before and shortly after the temporary complete occlusion of the shunt, and at the end of surgery. At completion of the surgery, the shunt in 16 of the dogs had been occluded completely whereas in the other 15 it had been occluded only partially. There were no significant differences between any of the measurements of these variables in the portal venous, systemic venous or arterial plasma of any of the dogs, or between the values measured in the groups in which the shunts had been occluded completely or partially. Furthermore, there were no significant differences between the two groups of dogs in the arteriovenous gradients calculated at any of the sampling sites or sampling times. None of the variables was associated with the development of postoperative complications.


Subject(s)
Blood Gas Analysis/veterinary , Congenital Abnormalities/veterinary , Dog Diseases/blood , Dog Diseases/surgery , Lactates/blood , Portal System/abnormalities , Animals , Blood Pressure , Congenital Abnormalities/blood , Congenital Abnormalities/surgery , Dog Diseases/congenital , Dogs , Female , Ligation/veterinary , Male , Portal System/surgery , Treatment Outcome
12.
Vet Rec ; 160(14): 465-70, 2007 Apr 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17416722

ABSTRACT

Only two of 49 cats undergoing surgical ligation of congenital extra- and intrahepatic portosystemic shunts died perioperatively, a mortality rate comparable with the mortality rates of dogs undergoing surgical attenuation of congenital portosystemic shunts and cats in which the shunts are attenuated with an ameroid ring constrictor. Thirty (83 per cent) of the 36 cats for which long-term information was available were still alive at a median follow-up period of 47 months (range six to 105 months); the outcome was excellent (no clinical signs) in 20 of them (median follow-up 37 months, range six to 105 months) and good (minimal clinical signs) in seven (median follow-up 39 months, range 10 to 73 months) and none of these 27 cats was on any long-term medication or special diet. The only major cause of morbidity was the development of neurological signs in 18 (37 per cent) of the cats. These included seizures and a wide variety of other neurological signs, and their development and persistence was not affected by the presence of preoperative seizures, the type of shunt, the degree of shunt attenuation or the age of the cat. The serum concentrations of ammonia and preprandial bile acids were normal or significantly below normal in the cats with neurological signs. Liver histopathology was similar in the cats with and without neurological signs. Ten (56 per cent) of the 18 cats that developed neurological signs recovered normal neurological function long term.


Subject(s)
Cat Diseases/epidemiology , Portal System/abnormalities , Portal System/surgery , Postoperative Complications/veterinary , Seizures/veterinary , Animals , Cat Diseases/mortality , Cats , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Ligation/methods , Ligation/veterinary , Male , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Postoperative Complications/mortality , Seizures/epidemiology , Seizures/mortality , Survival Analysis , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
13.
J Vet Intern Med ; 21(1): 76-80, 2007.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17338153

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Double-chambered right ventricle (DCRV) is a frequently recognized cardiac congenital abnormality in humans. It has been described in dogs and in 1 cat. However systemic description of clinical and echocardiographic features of the disease in cats is currently lacking from the veterinary literature. ANIMALS: Nine cats with DCRV are described. RESULTS: The cats ranged from 4 months to 10 years of age. Eight cats at presentation were asymptomatic and 1 cat had chylothorax. In all cases echocardiography revealed abnormal fibromuscular bundles obstructing the mid-right ventricle, dividing the chamber into 2 compartments. The proximal right ventricular compartment was markedly hypertrophied, and right atrial dilation was usually present. The mean pressure gradient measured across the stenotic area was 130 +/- 50 mm Hg. Concurrent abnormalities included a ventricular septal defect (n = 2); aortic malalignment, aortic insufficiency (n = 1); and congenital peritoneal-pericardial diaphragmatic hernia (n = 1). Two cats had systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve, one of which had concurrent left ventricular hypertrophy. Five cats have remained asymptomatic for a median period of 3.6 years (range, 3.3-5 years) and 3 cats have developed clinical signs associated with congestive heart failure (at 2, 3.3, and 9 years). One cat showed progressive lethargy and exercise intolerance and underwent partial ventriculectomy at the age of 2 years. This cat died during the operation with electromechanical dissociation. CONCLUSIONS: DCRV is a congenital cardiac abnormality that may be more common than previously recognized.


Subject(s)
Cat Diseases/pathology , Heart Defects, Congenital/veterinary , Heart Ventricles/pathology , Animals , Cat Diseases/diagnosis , Cats , Female , Heart Defects, Congenital/diagnosis , Heart Defects, Congenital/pathology , Heart Defects, Congenital/therapy , Male
14.
J Small Anim Pract ; 46(12): 585-90, 2005 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16355734

ABSTRACT

An unusual vascular ring anomaly consisting of a persistent right aortic arch and a left ligamentum arteriosum extending from the main pulmonary artery to an aberrant left subclavian artery and left aortic arch remnant complex was identified in a German shepherd dog and a great Dane. The left subclavian artery and left aortic arch remnant complex originated at the junction between the right distal aortic arch and the descending aorta and coursed dorsal to the oesophagus in a cranial direction. The attachment of the ligamentum arteriosum to the aberrant left subclavian artery was approximately 5 cm cranial to the point of origin of the aberrant left subclavian artery and left aortic arch remnant complex from the descending aorta in both dogs. This anomaly observed in both dogs is similar to an anomaly reported in humans, in which a persistent right aortic arch is found in conjunction with an aberrant left subclavian artery and a left aortic arch remnant (Kommerell's diverticulum). Surgical ligation and division of the left ligamentum arteriosum in both dogs, along with division of the left subclavian artery in the great Dane, resulted in resolution of clinical signs in both of the dogs in this report.


Subject(s)
Aorta, Thoracic/abnormalities , Ligaments/surgery , Subclavian Artery/abnormalities , Vascular Surgical Procedures , Animals , Aorta, Thoracic/surgery , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/surgery , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/veterinary , Dog Diseases/surgery , Dogs , Male , Recurrence , Subclavian Artery/surgery , Treatment Outcome
15.
J Small Anim Pract ; 46(8): 398-401, 2005 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16119060

ABSTRACT

Ileocolic intussusception was successfully treated surgically by partial enterectomy and enteroplication in an 11-month-old, male neutered German shepherd dog. Segmental intestinal volvulus was identified in the same dog two months later and was managed successfully by a second partial enterectomy. The dog made an uneventful recovery and was free of clinical disease six months after the second surgery. Both conditions are reviewed in this case report and a possible relationship between these two episodes in this dog is discussed.


Subject(s)
Dog Diseases/surgery , Intestinal Volvulus/veterinary , Intussusception/veterinary , Anastomosis, Surgical/veterinary , Animals , Dog Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Dogs , Intestinal Volvulus/diagnostic imaging , Intestinal Volvulus/surgery , Intussusception/diagnostic imaging , Intussusception/surgery , Jejunum/pathology , Jejunum/surgery , Male , Radiography, Abdominal/veterinary , Treatment Outcome
16.
J Small Anim Pract ; 45(6): 307-10, 2004 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15206477

ABSTRACT

Clinical and biochemical changes suggestive of hypoadrenocorticism were observed in a 10-year-old male neutered Staffordshire bull terrier shortly after beginning therapy with trilostane for the treatment of hyperadrenocorticism. The dog's condition was stabilised with intravenous fluids, fludrocortisone and prednisolone. An exploratory laparotomy and excisional biopsy of the left adrenal gland were performed. Histopathological analysis showed adrenal cortical necrosis with reactive inflammation and fibrosis. Trilostane is a reversible inhibitor of steroid synthesis and this complication has not been reported previously. Clinicians should be aware that trilostane therapy may result in adrenal necrosis but that prompt treatment might correct a life-threatening situation.


Subject(s)
3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases/antagonists & inhibitors , Adrenal Gland Diseases/veterinary , Adrenocortical Hyperfunction/veterinary , Dihydrotestosterone/analogs & derivatives , Dihydrotestosterone/adverse effects , Dog Diseases/diagnosis , Enzyme Inhibitors/adverse effects , Oxidative Phosphorylation Coupling Factors/adverse effects , Adrenal Gland Diseases/diagnosis , Adrenocortical Hyperfunction/drug therapy , Animals , Diagnosis, Differential , Dog Diseases/chemically induced , Dog Diseases/pathology , Dog Diseases/surgery , Dogs , Male , Necrosis
17.
J Small Anim Pract ; 43(4): 177-81, 2002 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11996395

ABSTRACT

Histologically confirmed lipomas were surgically removed from the thoracic or abdominal cavities of six dogs. Three dogs had a large intra-abdominal mass causing severe abdominal distension. Two dogs had a mass extending into the pelvic canal, compressing the colon and causing obstipation. One dog with an intrathoracic mass had a history of coughing and intermittent cyanosis. All dogs had complete resolution of signs after surgical resection of the tumour. Recurrence occurred in one dog with an abdominal lipoma, two years after the initial surgery. This recurrent lipoma was treated successfully by surgical resection.


Subject(s)
Abdominal Neoplasms/veterinary , Dog Diseases/surgery , Lipoma/veterinary , Thoracic Neoplasms/veterinary , Abdominal Neoplasms/surgery , Animals , Dogs , Female , Lipoma/surgery , Male , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/surgery , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/veterinary , Prognosis , Thoracic Neoplasms/surgery , Treatment Outcome
18.
J Am Vet Med Assoc ; 219(4): 485-7, 2001 Aug 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11518175

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine survival times of and prognostic indicators for dogs with heart base masses. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 25 dogs. PROCEDURE: Medical records were reviewed to obtain information regarding signalment; initial complaint; results of physical examination, radiography, electrocardiography, and echocardiography; surgical findings; medical and surgical treatment; outcome; necropsy findings; survival time; and cause of death. RESULTS: Survival time ranged from 0 to 1,096 days (mean, 213 days; median, 57 days). None of the variables examined, including initial complaints and results of physical examination, radiography, electrocardiography, and echocardiography, were associated with survival time. However, dogs that underwent pericardectomy had a significantly longer mean survival time (mean +/- SD, 661 +/- 170 days) than did dogs that were treated medically (129 +/- 51 days). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that dogs with heart base masses that undergo pericardectomy may survive longer than those that receive medical treatment alone.


Subject(s)
Dog Diseases/mortality , Heart Neoplasms/veterinary , Pericardiectomy/veterinary , Animals , Dog Diseases/surgery , Dog Diseases/therapy , Dogs , Female , Heart Neoplasms/mortality , Heart Neoplasms/surgery , Heart Neoplasms/therapy , Male , Pericardiectomy/mortality , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Survival Analysis , Survival Rate , Treatment Outcome
19.
J Am Vet Med Assoc ; 217(7): 1041-4, 2000 Oct 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11019713

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To identify breed disposition, postoperative complications, and outcome in dogs with lung lobe torsion. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 22 client-owned dogs. PROCEDURE: Information on signalment; history; clinical findings; results of clinicopathologic testing, diagnostic imaging, and pleural fluid analysis; surgical treatment; intra- and postoperative complications; histologic findings; and outcome were obtained from medical records. RESULTS: All 22 dogs had pleural effusion; dyspnea was the most common reason for examination. Fifteen dogs were large deep-chested breeds; 5 were toy breeds. Afghan Hounds were overrepresented, compared with the hospital population. One dog was euthanatized without treatment; the remaining dogs underwent exploratory thoracotomy and lung lobectomy. Eleven dogs recovered from surgery without complications, but 3 of these later died of thoracic disease. Four dogs survived to discharge but had clinically important complications within 2 months, including chylothorax, mediastinal mesothelioma, gastric dilatation, and a second lung lobe torsion. Six dogs died or were euthanatized within 2 weeks after surgery because of acute respiratory distress syndrome, pneumonia, septic shock, pneumothorax, or chylothorax. Chylothorax was diagnosed in 8 of the 22 dogs, including 4 Afghan Hounds. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that lung lobe torsion is rare in dogs and develops most frequently in large deep-chested dogs, particularly Afghan Hounds. Other predisposing causes were not identified, but an association with chylothorax was evident, especially in Afghan Hounds. Prognosis for dogs with lung lobe torsion was fair to guarded.


Subject(s)
Dog Diseases/pathology , Lung Diseases/veterinary , Lung/pathology , Animals , Dog Diseases/surgery , Dogs , Follow-Up Studies , Lung Diseases/pathology , Lung Diseases/surgery , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Pleural Effusion/veterinary , Postoperative Complications , Retrospective Studies , Torsion Abnormality/pathology , Torsion Abnormality/surgery , Torsion Abnormality/veterinary
20.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract ; 30(3): 555-79, vi, 2000 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10853276

ABSTRACT

The animal with a surgical gastrointestinal emergency usually requires a rapid, thorough physical examination with concurrent resuscitation. As the diagnosis is being made, the animal must be made as stable as possible before undergoing general anesthesia. During surgery, there must be a critical evaluation of gastrointestinal viability and the use of precise technical skills to achieve the best outcome. Adept postoperative management, including careful monitoring and an index of suspicion for potential complications, is vital.


Subject(s)
Dog Diseases/surgery , Gastrointestinal Diseases/veterinary , Animals , Digestive System Surgical Procedures/veterinary , Dogs , Emergencies/veterinary , Emergency Treatment/veterinary , Foreign Bodies/veterinary , Gastrointestinal Diseases/surgery
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