ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: At present, few data are available on the prognosis of hypertensive emergencies and urgencies admitted to emergency departments. AIM: The aim of our study was to evaluate the incidence of total and cardiovascular events during follow-up in hypertensive patients admitted to the emergency departments of Brescia Hospital (Northern Italy) with hypertensive emergencies or urgencies from 1 January to 31 December 2015. METHODS: Medical records of patients aged more than 18 years, admitted to the emergency department with SBP values at least 180âmmHg (SBP) and/or DBP values at least 120âmmHg (DBP) were collected and analysed (18% of patients were classified as 'hypertensive emergency' and 82% as 'hypertensive urgency'). Data in 895 patients (385 men and 510 women, mean age 70. 5â±â15âyears) were analysed; the mean duration of follow-up after admission to the emergency department was 12â±â5âmonths. RESULTS: During the follow-up, 96 cardiovascular events (28 fatal) occurred (20 cardiac events, 30 cerebrovascular events, 26 hospital admission for heart failure, 20 cases of new onset kidney disease). In 40 patients (4.5%), a new episode of acute blood pressure rise with referral to the emergency department was recorded. Cardiovascular mortality and morbidity were greater in patients with a previous hypertensive emergency (14.5 vs. 4.5% in patients with hypertensive emergency and urgency, respectively, chi-square, Pâ<â0.0001). Similar results were obtained when the occurrence of cerebrovascular or renal events were considered separately. CONCLUSION: Admission to the emergency department for hypertensive emergencies and urgencies identifies hypertensive patients at increased risk for fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events. Our findings add some new finding suggesting that further research in this field should be improved aiming to define, prevent, treat and follow hypertensive urgencies and emergencies.
Subject(s)
Hypertension, Malignant , Hypertension , Aged , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Emergencies , Emergency Service, Hospital , Female , Humans , Hypertension/drug therapy , Hypertension, Malignant/drug therapy , Male , PrognosisABSTRACT
The objective of this article is to study the problem of pedestrian classification across different light spectrum domains (visible and far-infrared (FIR)) and modalities (intensity, depth and motion). In recent years, there has been a number of approaches for classifying and detecting pedestrians in both FIR and visible images, but the methods are difficult to compare, because either the datasets are not publicly available or they do not offer a comparison between the two domains. Our two primary contributions are the following: (1) we propose a public dataset, named RIFIR , containing both FIR and visible images collected in an urban environment from a moving vehicle during daytime; and (2) we compare the state-of-the-art features in a multi-modality setup: intensity, depth and flow, in far-infrared over visible domains. The experiments show that features families, intensity self-similarity (ISS), local binary patterns (LBP), local gradient patterns (LGP) and histogram of oriented gradients (HOG), computed from FIR and visible domains are highly complementary, but their relative performance varies across different modalities. In our experiments, the FIR domain has proven superior to the visible one for the task of pedestrian classification, but the overall best results are obtained by a multi-domain multi-modality multi-feature fusion.
ABSTRACT
One of the main challenges in intelligent vehicles concerns pedestrian detection for driving assistance. Recent experiments have showed that state-of-the-art descriptors provide better performances on the far-infrared (FIR) spectrum than on the visible one, even in daytime conditions, for pedestrian classification. In this paper, we propose a pedestrian detector with on-board FIR camera. Our main contribution is the exploitation of the specific characteristics of FIR images to design a fast, scale-invariant and robust pedestrian detector. Our system consists of three modules, each based on speeded-up robust feature (SURF) matching. The first module allows generating regions-of-interest (ROI), since in FIR images of the pedestrian shapes may vary in large scales, but heads appear usually as light regions. ROI are detected with a high recall rate with the hierarchical codebook of SURF features located in head regions. The second module consists of pedestrian full-body classification by using SVM. This module allows one to enhance the precision with low computational cost. In the third module, we combine the mean shift algorithm with inter-frame scale-invariant SURF feature tracking to enhance the robustness of our system. The experimental evaluation shows that our system outperforms, in the FIR domain, the state-of-the-art Haar-like Adaboost-cascade, histogram of oriented gradients (HOG)/linear SVM (linSVM) and MultiFtrpedestrian detectors, trained on the FIR images.
ABSTRACT
En la década de los 90 se comunica el surgimiento de nuevas cepas de Staphylococcus aureus en personas sin factores de riesgo, denominándose Staphylococcus aureus meticilino resistente adquirido en la comunidad (SAMR-AC); con similares características a los intrahospitalarios, pero con un patrón de sensibilidad antibiótica particular. En nuestro país se identificaron los primeros brotes de infecciones de piel y partes blandas por este germen en comunidades cerradas, cárceles y asentamientos del cinturón periurbano. La población asistida en el Hospital Policial tiene mayor riesgo de sufrir infecciones por SAMR-AC.En el Servicio de Pediatría del Hospital Policial no existen datos epidemiológicos en relación con este tipo de infecciones a SAMR-AC. El objetivo fue analizar las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de las infecciones causadas por SAMR-AC en la población pediátrica del Hospital Policial, mediante un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo durante el período de 13 meses. Se incluyeron 91 pacientes con cultivos positivos a SAMR-AC. Las formas clínicas más frecuentes de presentación fueron abscesos (22%), impétigo (21%) y lesión sobreinfectada (18%). El 34% (31) de los pacientes requirieron ingreso a piso de internación pediátrico. Las infecciones de piel y partes blandas fueron la tercera causa de hospitalización en nuestro servicio durante 2004; de las que 40% fueron por SAMR-AC.
n the 1990s the prescence of new strains of Staphylococcus aureus in people without risk factors was communicated. It was named community acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA - MRSA); with similar characteristics to the ones found at hospital, but with a particular antibiotic sensitivity pattern. In our country the skin and soft tissue infections due to this germ initiated in closed communities, prisons, and suburban populations. The population assisted at the Police Hospital has an increased risk of having infections to CA - MRSA. There is no epidemiological data regarding this new type of infections caused by CA - MRSA at the Pediatrics Service of the Police Hospital. The objective was to analyze the clinical and epidemiological manifestations of the infections caused by MRSA-CA in the pediatric population of the Police Hospital through a retrospective descriptive study during a 13 month period. 91 patients were included with positive CA - MRSA cultures. The most frequent clinical manifestations were abscesses (22%), impetigo (21%) and overinfected injury (18%). 34% (31) of the patients required hospitalization. Skin and soft tissue infections were the third cause of hospitalization in our service during the year 2004; being CA - MRSA responsible of 40% of them.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Methicillin Resistance , Staphylococcus aureus , Community-Acquired Infections , Hospitals, General , Outpatient Clinics, HospitalABSTRACT
En la década de los 90 se comunica el surgimiento de nuevas cepas de Staphylococcus aureus en personas sin factores de riesgo, denominándose Staphylococcus aureus meticilino resistente adquirido en la comunidad (SAMR-AC); con similares características a los intrahospitalarios, pero con un patrón de sensibilidad antibiótica particular. En nuestro país se identificaron los primeros brotes de infecciones de piel y partes blandas por este germen en comunidades cerradas, cárceles y asentamientos del cinturón periurbano. La población asistida en el Hospital Policial tiene mayor riesgo de sufrir infecciones por SAMR-AC. En el Servicio de Pediatría del Hospital Policial no existen datos pidemiológicos en relación con este tipo de infecciones a SAMR-AC. El objetivo fue analizar las características clínicas y pidemiológicas de las infecciones causadas por SAMR-AC en la población pediátrica del Hospital Policial, mediante un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo durante el período de 13 meses. Se incluyeron 91 pacientes con cultivos positivos a SAMR-AC. Las formas clínicas más frecuentes de presentación fueron abscesos 22%), impétigo (21%) y lesión sobreinfectada (18%). El 34% (31) de los pacientes requirieron ingreso a piso de internación pediátrico. Las infecciones de piel y partes blandas fueron la tercera causa de hospitalización en nuestro servicio durante 2004; de las que 40% fueron por SAMR-AC.
In the 1990s the prescence of new strains of Staphylococcus aureus in people without risk factors was communicated. It was named community acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA - MRSA); with similar characteristics to the ones found at hospital, but with a particular antibiotic sensitivity pattern. In our country the skin and soft tissue infections due to this germ initiated in closed communities, prisons, and suburban populations. The population assisted at the Police Hospital has an increased risk of having infections to CA - MRSA. There is no epidemiological data regarding this new type of infections caused by CA - MRSA at the Pediatrics Service of the Police Hospital. The objective was to analyze the clinical and epidemiological manifestations of the infections caused by MRSA-CA in the pediatric population of the Police Hospital through a retrospective descriptive study during a 13 month period. 91 patients were included with positive CA - MRSA cultures. The most frequent clinical manifestations were abscesses (22%), impetigo (21%) and overinfected injury (18%). 34% (31) of the patients required hospitalization. Skin and soft tissue infections were the third cause of hospitalization in our service during the year 2004; being CA - MRSA responsible of 40% of them.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Agranulocytosis/etiology , Dipyrone/adverse effectsABSTRACT
This paper presents a stereo vision system for the detection and distance computation of a preceding vehicle. It is divided in two major steps. Initially, a stereo vision-based algorithm is used to extract relevant three-dimensional (3-D) features in the scene, these features are investigated further in order to select the ones that belong to vertical objects only and not to the road or background. These 3-D vertical features are then used as a starting point for preceding vehicle detection; by using a symmetry operator, a match against a simplified model of a rear vehicle's shape is performed using a monocular vision-based approach that allows the identification of a preceding vehicle. In addition, using the 3-D information previously extracted, an accurate distance computation is performed.