Effect of radiation after surgery on the prognosis of children with Wilms tumor.

BACKGROUND: To explore the association between radiation after surgery and the 5-year overall survival (OS) and 5-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) in patients with Wilms tumor. METHODS: In this cohort study, 1564 participants were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The univariate and multivariable COX proportional risk model as well as competitive risk model were used to explore the covariates associated with 5-year OS and 5-year CSS of patients with Wilms tumor and the correlation between radiation after surgery and 5-year OS or 5-year CSS of patients with Wilms tumor, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier curves of participants were plotted. RESULTS: The median follow-up was 126.00 (84.00, 178.00) months. Patients receiving surgery had higher 5-year survival probability than those not receiving surgery, while participants receiving radiation after surgery showed poor 5-year survival than those not. After adjusting for covariates including age and SEER stage, increased risk of 5-year overall mortality in patients with Wilms tumor [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.62, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10-2.41). After the adjustment for confounding factors including age, SEER stage and ethnicity, increased risk of 5-year cancer-specific mortality of patients with Wilms tumor was observed in those receiving radiation after surgery (HR = 1.77, 95%CI: 1.13-2.79). CONCLUSION: Radiation after surgery was associated with poor prognosis of patients with Wilms tumor, which indicated that the clinicians should assess whether the patient was suitable for using radiation after surgery.

Gestational diabetes mellitus and the hearing of newborns:A nested case-control study in tropical province of China.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to determine the association of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and the results of newborn hearing screening(NHS). METHODS: A nested case-control study was conducted in a cohort of newborns who were born between June 2021 to December 2021 and underwent neonatal hearing screening.GDM was diagnosed according to the 75 g 2 h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 24-28 gestational weeks.A total of 369 pregnant women at the same hospital were individually matched in a 1:2 ratio by maternal age (±2 years), gestational age (±3 days) and sex of newborn.Chi-square test was utilized to evaluate associations between GDM and the results of NHS. RESULTS: Abnormal NHS results in the GDM group was more frequent than non-GDM group.When comparing the two groups (GDM case and contol), we found significant differences (p < 0.05) between them.Whereas the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05) by delivery modes in both case and control groups. CONCLUSION: Maternal history of GDM could lead to significantly higher failling rate of NHS.

Effect of icariin on the transformation efficiency of induced pluripotent stem cells into sperm cells in vitro / Estudio de los efectos de icariina en la eficiencia de la transformación de espermatozoides extrovertidos inducidos en cuerpos multicompetentes

Objective: To investigate the effect of icariin on the transformation efficiency of germ cell-like cells from mouse induced pluripotent stem cells into sperm cells in vitro. Methods: Firstly, mouse induced pluripotent stem cells were induced and cultured to transform into germ cell-like cells, and the primordial germ cell-like cells were identified by Western blot and RT-PCR. Then, different concentrations of icariin (0.1μg/mL, 1μg/mL, 10μg/mL and 100μg/mL) were added into the culture medium, and the obtained primitive germ cell-like cells were cultured, Western blot and RT-PCR were used to identify the obtained sperm cells, the transformation efficiency was compared. Results: The primordium germ cell-like cells obtained from mouse induced pluripotent stem cells in vitro specially expressed Oct-4 protein, C-kit protein, Mvh mRNA, Fragilis mRNA and Stella mRNA. The sperm cells were specially expressed VASA, SCP3 and γH2AX proteins. RT-PCR showed that the sperm cells were specially expressed Ddx4, Tp2 and Prm1 mRNA. Compared with the control group, the expression level of VASA protein (1.744±0.283, 2.882±0.373, 6.489±0.460), SCP3 protein (2.250±0.306, 7.058±0.521, 8.654±0.804), γH2AX protein (4.304±0.433, 5.713±0.339, 9.268±0.545), Ddx4 mRNA (1.374±0.145, 2.846±0.194, 4.021±0.154), Tp2 mRNA (1.358±0.130, 3.623±0.326, 5.811±0.390) and Prm1 mRNA (1.326±0.162, 3.487±0.237, 4.666±0.307) in 0.1μg/mL, 1μg/mL, 10μg/mL icariin experimental groups were all lower than that of VASA protein (10.560±0.413), SCP3 protein (13.804±0.642), γH2AX protein (11.874±0.464), Ddx4 mRNA (6.4005±0.361), Tp2 mRNA (7.314±0.256) and Prm1 mRNA (7.334±0.390) in 100μg/mL icariin experimental group. (AU)

Objetivo: Investigar el efecto de icariina en la eficiencia de la conversión in vitro inducida en espermatozoides de cultivos de células germinativas derivadas de la transformación de células madre pluripotentes inducidas de ratón. Métodos: Primero se indujeron y cultivaron células madre pluripotentes inducidas de ratón para transformarlas en células similares a las células germinales, y las células similares a las células germinales primordiales se identificaron mediante Western blot y RT-PCR. A continuación, se añadieron diferentes concentraciones de icariina (0,1μg/mL, 1μg/mL, 10μg/mL and 100μg/mL) al medio de cultivo, y se cultivaron las células primitivas similares a células germinales obtenidas, se utilizaron Western blot y RT-PCR para identificar las células espermáticas obtenidas, y se comparó la eficacia de la transformación. Resultados: Las células germinales primitivas obtenidas in vitro a partir de células madre pluripotentes inducidas de ratón expresaron especialmente la proteína Oct-4, la proteína C-kit, el ARNm de Mvh, el ARNm de Fragilis y el ARNm de Stella. Los espermatozoides expresaban especialmente las proteínas VASA, SCP3 y γH2AX. La RT-PCR mostró que los espermatozoides expresaban especialmente los ARNm Ddx4, Tp2 y Prm1. En comparación con el grupo de control, el nivel de expresión de la proteína VASA (1,744±0,283; 2,882±0,373; 6,489±0,460), la proteína SCP3 (2,250±0,306; 7,058± 0,521; 8,654±0,804), proteína γH2AX (4,304±0,433; 5,713±0,339; 9,268±0,545), ARNm Ddx4 (1,374±0,145; 2,846±0,194; 4,021±0,154), ARNm Tp2 (1,358±0,130; 3,623±0,326; 5,811±0,390) y ARNm Prm1 (1,326±0,162; 3,487±0,237; 4,666±0,307) en grupos experimentales de 0,1μg/mL, 1μg/mL, 10μg/mL de icariina fueron todos más bajos que los de la proteína VASA (10,560±0,413), proteína SCP3 (13,804±0,642), proteína γH2AX (11,874±0,464), ARNm Ddx4 (6,4005±0,361), ARNm Tp2 (7,314±0,256) y ARNm Prm1 (7,334±0,390) en 100μg/mL icariina grupo experimental. (AU)

Assessment of testicular volume in neonates in the tropical province of China.

BACKGROUND: Testicular volume in neonates is a potential indicator of testicular development during the fetal period, particularly the masculinization programming window. Reliable measurements of testicular volume provide an opportunity for early detection of testicular abnormalities. This study aimed to assess the testicular volume in neonates and evaluate its relationship with gestational week and birth weight in Hainan Province, China. METHODS: Data on 458 neonates who underwent ultrasonography examinations at our institution from 2018 to 2022 were collected. The neonates were categorized by gestational week, birth weight, and presence of cryptorchidism. We evaluated the testicular volume among different groups and its relationship to gestational week and birth weight. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the right and left testicular volume in neonates without cryptorchidism. However, a significant difference was observed between normal birth weight and low birth weight neonates in terms of testicular volume. Similarly, there was a significant difference between premature and full-term neonates in testicular volume. Bilateral testicular volume showed positive and significant correlations with gestational week and birth weight. Additionally, a significant difference was noted in testicular volume between the affected side in neonates with cryptorchidism and the same side in normal birth weight full-term neonates. CONCLUSIONS: We established the normal range of testicular volume for neonates in Hainan Province and demonstrated that testicular volume is positively correlated with both birth weight and gestational week. Cryptorchidism also affects testicular volume during the neonatal period, likely due to reduced androgenic exposure in utero, particularly during the masculinization programming window. The findings of this study have significant implications for assessing testis development during fetal development.

The determinants of neonatal asphyxia in the tropical province of China: A case-control study.

As the major public health problem among under-5 children in the world, neonatal asphyxia (NA) contributes to 24% of the main causes of neonatal death. The effects of NA is not only limited to death but also has a long-term brain injury with lifelong adverse effects. Therefore, the goal of this study was to identify determinants of NA among newborns in the tropical province of China to guide early interventions and improve the survival and quality of life of these infants. A case control study was conducted at Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center from January 1 to December 31, 2021. A total of 255 newborns (85 cases and 170 controls, 1:2 case to control ratio) were enrolled in the study. A systematic random sampling approach was adopted based on hospital delivery registration. Structured questionnaires were used to collected data. The data was entered into statistical software SPSS version 20.0 for analysis. In the bivariable analysis, variables with P values less than .1 were entered into multivariable logistic regression analysis. At a P value of .05, a statistically significant level was reported. Amniotic fluid stained by meconium/blood (AOR = 3.19, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.47-6.95), primiparity, fetal presentation of malpresentation (AOR = 3.89, 95% CI: 1.25-12.09), and low birth weight (AOR = 10.51, 95% CI: 3.02-36.55) were to be significantly associated with NA. This study identified that amniotic fluid stained by meconium/blood, primiparity, low birth weight were determinants of NA. Thus, preventive solutions such as close monitoring of fetus presentation, meliorating the obstetric care setup during antenatal care consultations should be stressed in China.

Effect of icariin on the transformation efficiency of induced pluripotent stem cells into sperm cells in vitro.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of icariin on the transformation efficiency of germ cell-like cells from mouse induced pluripotent stem cells into sperm cells in vitro. METHODS: Firstly, mouse induced pluripotent stem cells were induced and cultured to transform into germ cell-like cells, and the primordial germ cell-like cells were identified by Western blot and RT-PCR. Then, different concentrations of icariin (0.1µg/mL, 1µg/mL, 10µg/mL and 100µg/mL) were added into the culture medium, and the obtained primitive germ cell-like cells were cultured, Western blot and RT-PCR were used to identify the obtained sperm cells, the transformation efficiency was compared. RESULTS: The primordium germ cell-like cells obtained from mouse induced pluripotent stem cells in vitro specially expressed Oct-4 protein, C-kit protein, Mvh mRNA, Fragilis mRNA and Stella mRNA. The sperm cells were specially expressed VASA, SCP3 and γH2AX proteins. RT-PCR showed that the sperm cells were specially expressed Ddx4, Tp2 and Prm1 mRNA. Compared with the control group, the expression level of VASA protein (1.744±0.283, 2.882±0.373, 6.489±0.460), SCP3 protein (2.250±0.306, 7.058±0.521, 8.654±0.804), γH2AX protein (4.304±0.433, 5.713±0.339, 9.268±0.545), Ddx4 mRNA (1.374±0.145, 2.846±0.194, 4.021±0.154), Tp2 mRNA (1.358±0.130, 3.623±0.326, 5.811±0.390) and Prm1 mRNA (1.326±0.162, 3.487±0.237, 4.666±0.307) in 0.1µg/mL, 1µg/mL, 10µg/mL icariin experimental groups were all lower than that of VASA protein (10.560±0.413), SCP3 protein (13.804±0.642), γH2AX protein (11.874±0.464), Ddx4 mRNA (6.4005±0.361), Tp2 mRNA (7.314±0.256) and Prm1 mRNA (7.334±0.390) in 100µg/mL icariin experimental group. CONCLUSIONS: Icariin can promote the transformation of mouse induced pluripotent stem cells into sperm cells in vitro, and it is concentration-dependent manner in a certain concentration range.

Chemotherapy Combined With Surgery in a Case With Metanephric Adenoma.

Background: Metanephric adenoma is an extremely rare renal neoplasm, especially in pediatrics. Chemotherapy combined with surgery in metanephric adenoma has not been reported. Methods: We describe a case of metanephric adenoma in a child less than 2 years old, which were treated by chemotherapy combined with surgery. Results: Nephron sparing surgery was performed after regular chemotherapy, and the pathological result was metanephric adenoma. Conclusion: Pediatric metanephric adenoma is extremely rare; the clinical manifestations and imaging examinations lack specificity. Nephron sparing surgery is recommended as the preferred treatment for metanephric adenoma. Long-term follow-up and more in-depth molecular genetic research are still needed to determine the benign or malignant of metanephric adenoma and whether chemotherapy drugs have an effect on it.

Comparative study of testicular volume in children with unilateral cryptorchidism of different ages in the tropical province of China.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the testicular volume in children with unilateral cryptorchidism of different ages in Hainan Province, China. METHODS: The study included 424 children (ranging in age from 0 month to 4 years) with unilateral cryptorchidism or normal who were treated from 2017 to 2021 at our institution. They were divided into different groups according to age. We evaluated the correlation of testicular volume between the children with cryptorchidism and the normal children among different groups. RESULTS: There was a significant difference in testicular volume between the affected side and the healthy side. There was no difference in testicular volume between the left side and the right side of each control group. There were significant differences between the affected side of cryptorchid groups and the same side of the control groups. There were no significant differences between the healthy side of cryptorchid groups and the same side of the control groups. There were no significant differences between the affected side of left cryptorchid groups and right cryptorchid groups. There were no significant differences between the healthy side of left cryptorchid groups and right cryptorchid groups. There were significant differences in testicular volume among different age groups of the control group, while there were no differences in the cryptorchid groups. CONCLUSIONS: The development of testicular volume in children with unilateral inguinal cryptorchidism is affected in earlier age, and there was no compensatory testicular adaptation in the healthy testis.