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1.
Life (Basel) ; 14(6)2024 May 24.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38929663

ABSTRACT

The cutaneous microbiome represents a topic of high interest nowadays. Multiple studies have suggested the importance of the skin microbiome in different dermatological pathologies, highlighting the possible implications of cutaneous microorganisms in either the pathogenesis or prognosis of skin maladies. Psoriasis represents a common inflammatory skin disease, with a high prevalence in the worldwide population. The role of the cutaneous microbiome in psoriasis could explain a number of pathogenic theories and treatment objectives of this incurable skin disease. Our interest in the characteristics of the cutaneous microbiome, especially in psoriatic patients who attended a tertiary dermatological centre in Galati, Romania, is reflected in our current study, of which the preliminary results are discussed in this article. Using three types of skin sampling techniques (swabs, adhesive tape, and punch biopsies), we tried to characterise the microorganisms harboured in the skin of psoriatic patients and healthy individuals. This study was performed using culture-based probes, which were analysed using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometer equipment. Our preliminary results suggested that the greatest diversity was observed in the perilesional areas of psoriatic patients. The lowest cutaneous diversity was obtained from sampling psoriatic plaques. These results are similar to other studies of the cutaneous microbiome in psoriasis. The most frequent microorganisms found in all groups studied were of the Staphylococcus species: Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus hominis, and Staphylococcus aureus. Analysing the living environment of each individual from this study, our preliminary results suggested different results from other studies, as higher diversity and heterogenicity was observed in urban environments than in rural living areas. Regarding the differences between sexes, our preliminary results showed higher quantitative and qualitative changes in the skin microbiome of male participants than female participants, opposite to the results found in other studies of the cutaneous microbiome in psoriasis. Given these preliminary results, we can conclude that we have found important differences by studying the cutaneous microbiome of psoriatic patients and healthy control individuals from a population that, to our knowledge, has not been yet studied from this point of view. Our results showed important characteristics of the skin microbiome in an Eastern European population, where cultural and environmental living habits could influence the cutaneous microbiome.

2.
Front Med (Lausanne) ; 10: 1149735, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37324160

ABSTRACT

Abrikossoff tumors, also known as granular cell tumors (GCT), originate from Schwann cells. The most common location is in the oral cavity, followed by the skin, but they can also be found in the breast, digestive tract, tracheobronchial tree, or central nervous system. They can affect both sexes at any age, with a higher incidence between 30 and 50 years and a slight predisposition for female sex. They are usually solitary tumors but may also be multifocal. Most of the time, they are benign, with malignancy being exceptional in <2% of cases. Clinically, they appear as solid, well-defined, painless tumors, located subcutaneously with dimensions that can reach up to 10 cm. The definitive diagnosis is based on the immunohistochemical examination, and the treatment for benign tumors consists of surgical excision. Chemotherapy or radiotherapy may be required for malignant lesions, but the treatment regimens and their benefits remain unclear. This manuscript presents the case of a 12-year-old girl with a benign GCT, located in the skin on the mandibular line.

3.
Int J Gen Med ; 16: 937-949, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36942030

ABSTRACT

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a vasoproliferative disorder with an imminent risk of blindness, in cases where early diagnosis and treatment are not performed. The doctors' constant motivation to give these fragile beings a chance at life with optimal visual acuity has never stopped, since Terry first described this condition. Thus, throughout time, several specific advancements have been made in the management of ROP. Apart from the most known risk factors, this narrative review brings to light the latest research about new potential risk factors, such as: proteinuria, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and blood transfusions. Digital imaging has revolutionized the management of retinal pathologies, and it is more and more used in identifying and staging ROP, particularly in the disadvantaged regions by the means of telescreening. Moreover, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and automated diagnostic tools based on deep learning offer new perspectives on the ROP diagnosis. The new therapeutical trend based on the use of anti-VEGF agents is increasingly used in the treatment of ROP patients, and recent research sustains the theory according to which these agents do not interfere with the neurodevelopment of premature babies.

5.
Ther Clin Risk Manag ; 18: 323-335, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35386179

ABSTRACT

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic was noted for the high degree of contagion and the large number of cases, as well as for the various clinical forms, from asymptomatic towards rapid evolution to death. The hospitals limited care capacity imposed the need to identify some markers of unfavorable evolution. The purpose of our study is to identify the parameters correlated with COVID-19 unfavorable evolution and to draw the profile of the patient at risk of unfavorable evolution. This set of parameters will help the doctor in deciding whether to hospitalize a patient and in choosing the treatment. Patients and Methods: We performed a prospective, observational, actively controlled study on 849 patients with COVID-19, hospitalized in the Second Clinic of "Sf. Cuv. Parascheva" Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital Galati, Romania, between 1.03.2020-30.11.2020. Results: The parameters statistically significant modified at the admission of the patients with COVID-19 unfavorable evolution were age, oxygen saturation, D-dimers, creatine kinase (CK), troponin, erythrocytes sedimentation rate (ESR), leukocytes, lymphocytes, neutrophils, platelets, hemoglobin (Hb), aspartate transaminase (AST), total and direct bilirubin (TBIL, DBIL), urea, creatinine, serum glucose. Strong correlations were observed between the unfavorable evolution and the admission values of D-dimers, AST, TBIL and between D-dimers and AST, which suggests that D-dimers levels can be considered predictive for the alteration of liver function and for the negative prognosis of the patient. Conclusion: Coagulation disorders and acute respiratory failure are the prevailing causes of death from COVID-19. Together with other parameters that constitute the risk profile for severe COVID-19 evolution, the D-dimers dosing at admission proved to be extremely useful in the management of COVID-19.

6.
Exp Ther Med ; 23(2): 136, 2022 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35069817

ABSTRACT

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an epithelial tumor, which develops most frequently from the lateral pharyngeal recess and holds some complex epidemiological characteristics. Its unusual race and geographic distribution suggests that not only the environmental factors are a contributing factor to the development of this rare cancer type, but also the genetic traits play an important role, along with nitrosamine-containing food consumption and Epstein-Barr virus infection. The signs and symptoms which a patient can present and suffer from are various and include nasal, otic, neurological as well as general ones; the way this tumor manifests being dependent on the stage of the tumor. The therapeutic management applicable in NPC needs to be established according to the case of the patient and include radiotherapy, chemotherapy, surgery, immune therapy, targeted therapy or combined treatment. The main objective of the treatment is local and regional tumor control; relapse is an important factor for future development of distant metastases. New therapeutic concepts are always sought of, current research focusing on precision medicine, meaning systemic treatment with a personalized radiotherapy approach according to the characteristics of the tumor.

7.
Exp Ther Med ; 22(6): 1354, 2021 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34659500

ABSTRACT

Psoriasis is a systemic inflammatory cutaneous disease that affects approximately 2% of the world's population. Systemic treatments and biologic treatment therapies are a powerful option for patients with moderate to severe psoriasis. Some studies from the literature indicate an overall small, but increased, risk of neoplasia in patients with psoriasis treated with phototherapy or systemic medication. The relationship between psoriasis and malignancy is not very well established; there are few studies with conflicting results. We present the case of a 31-year-old male patient, diagnosed with psoriasis, who was deemed eligible for systemic therapy. Treatment with methotrexate was initiated, but without a satisfactory outcome. Given the patient's resistant disease involving 15% of his body surface, his desire to have a clear skin, besides his being naïve to biologic therapy, he was proposed to start treatment with secukinumab 300 mg monthly. The patient experienced complete clearance of lesions and was followed-up on the basis of clinical and biological parameters. There are limited data concerning the relationship between melanocytic lesions, psoriasis and melanoma. Immunologic pathways implicated in psoriasis induce a reduction in the number of melanocytic nevi. Nevertheless, little is known concerning the association of melanocytic nevi with psoriasis. Thorough skin examination, meaning clinical and dermoscopic evaluation of melanocytic lesions, must be encouraged in patients treated with systemic therapies such as biologic agents.

9.
Dermatol Ther ; 33(6): e14181, 2020 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32794366

ABSTRACT

The medical community in the past months has seen a flourishing of information related to the SARS-CoV-2 virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. From the early days of the pandemic, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been linked to multiple different types of skin involvement. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to report on a case of familial clustering of a maculopapular COVID-19 rash. Eight persons presented COVID-19 symptoms, six were confirmed via SAR-CoV-2 chemoluminescent immunoassays, and the four related by blood presented skin manifestations. Although, it has not been fully established if the SARS-CoV-2 can in fact cause viral exanthems, our observations regarding the familial clustering and the temporal evolution seen in this family seem to present strong evidence of a viral exanthema related to SARS-CoV-2 infection.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 Testing , COVID-19/complications , Skin Diseases, Viral/diagnosis , Adult , Aged, 80 and over , COVID-19/diagnosis , Family Health , Female , Humans , Infant , Luminescent Measurements , Male , Middle Aged , SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification , Skin Diseases, Viral/physiopathology
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