Anti TNF como inductor de lupus cutáneo: caso clínico / Anti TNF as inducer of cutaneous lupus: clinical case

El mayor acceso a las terapias biológicas para el tratamiento de múltiples enfer-medades autoinmune trae consigo el mayor riesgo de padecer eventos adversos relacionados al uso de estos2,4. Presentamos un caso clínico de una paciente con diagnóstico de artritis reumatoide en tratamiento con ANTI TNF

The greater access to biological therapies for the treatment of multiple autoim-mune diseases brings with it the greatest risk of suffering adverse events related to the use of these (2,4). We present a clinical case of a patient diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis in treatment with ANTI TNF

Ectoparasites of small-mammals: determinants of community structure in South American savannah.

This study aimed to assess the contribution of hosts characteristics (rodents and marsupials) in the organization of ectoparasite communities present in woodland patches in western central Brazil. We verified the effect of host species, sex, body mass and vertical strata in addition to the role of seasonality on the ectoparasite composition, richness and abundance. The total sampling effort was 22 032 trap-nights equally distributed in 54 woodland patches. Variance partition and principal coordinate analysis were used to verify the existence of significant relationships between response variables and predictors. As expected, host species was the most important variable in ectoparasite community assembly. The composition, richness and abundance of mites and lice were highly influenced by host species, although higher for mites than for lice. Host body mass had a determining role on the richness and abundance of tick species. Vertical stratification and seasonality had weak influence, while the sex of the host had no influence on the organization of these communities. The results are closely related to the evolutionary characteristics of the species involved, as well as with local environmental characteristics of the study area.

The role of melanism in oncillas on the temporal segregation of nocturnal activity / O papel do melanismo na segregação temporal da atividade noturna do gato-do-mato-pequeno

The occurrence of coat colour polymorphisms in populations may promote the ecological success of species by permitting a wider spectrum of use of different subsets of available resources. We conducted an analysis of temporal segregation by comparing night brightness with nocturnal activity of spotted and melanistic oncillas (Leopardus tigrinus). Melanistic oncillas were more active during bright nights and spotted oncillas and other species were more active during dark nights. Each colour morph occupied a temporal niche outside the confidence interval of the other colour morph, demonstrating the ecological significance of polymorphic colour patterns in this felid species.(AU)

A ocorrência de polimorfismo no padrão de pelagem de populações pode promover o sucesso ecológico das espécies por permitir um amplo espectro de uso de diferentes parcelas de recursos disponíveis. Nós testamos a existência de diferença na segregação temporal do gato-do-mato-pequeno (Leopardus tigrinus), comparando a luminosidade durante períodos de atividade noturna de indivíduos pintados e melânicos. Indivíduos melânicos de gato-do-mato-pequeno foram mais ativos durante noites claras e indivíduos pintados de gato-do-mato-pequeno e outras espécies foram mais ativas durante noites escuras. Cada forma de coloração ocupou um nicho temporal fora do intervalo de confiança do outro, demonstrando a significância ecológica dos padrões de polimorfismo de colorações nesta espécie de felino.(AU)

The role of melanism in oncillas on the temporal segregation of nocturnal activity.

The occurrence of coat colour polymorphisms in populations may promote the ecological success of species by permitting a wider spectrum of use of different subsets of available resources. We conducted an analysis of temporal segregation by comparing night brightness with nocturnal activity of spotted and melanistic oncillas (Leopardus tigrinus). Melanistic oncillas were more active during bright nights and spotted oncillas and other species were more active during dark nights. Each colour morph occupied a temporal niche outside the confidence interval of the other colour morph, demonstrating the ecological significance of polymorphic colour patterns in this felid species.

Delia del Carril, revisión biográfica e identitaria / Delia del Carril, biographical and identity review

For the analysis of a clinical case I’ve chosen a woman that belongs to the latin-american artistic history, and that was also Pablo Neruda’s partner for nearly twenty years. Delia del Carril’s life is colored by the effort and the defence of social ideals of change, which did not free her from dealing with the difficulties and costs that this implied. However, she can be looked as a stoic and strong woman concerned about her beliefs and personal decisions. “The Ant” is personified in this article from a narrative/constructivist perspective, referring to personal myths and the process of identity construction to reveal some social and ideological elements that are important, and to be considered in therapeutic work

A modo de análisis de caso clínico, he elegido a una mujer que forma parte de la historia artística de Latinoamérica, además de haber sido pareja por veinte años del vate Pablo Neruda. La vida de Delia del Carril está teñida por el esfuerzo y la defensa de ideales de cambio social, frente a lo cual no queda exenta de la vivencia de las dificultades y costos que esto implicaba. Sin embargo, se observa como una mujer estoica y firme respecto de sus creencias y opciones. “La Hormiga” es personificada en este trabajo desde una perspectiva narrativo/constructivista, tomando los mitos personales y el proceso de construcción de identidad para hacer alusión a ciertos elementos sociales e ideológicos que son relevantes de ser considerados en el trabajoterapéutico

Detección sensible y específica de mycobacterium tuberculosis a partir de muestras clínicas, mediante la amplificación de un elemento repetitivo de la familia rep13e12 / Sensitive and specific detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from clinical samples by amplification of a repeated sequence of the REP13E12 family

Objetivos: Diseñar e implementar un método de PCR para la detección sensible y específica de M. tuberculosis, orientado al oportuno diagnóstico de la tuberculosis mediante su adecuada aplicación en muestras clínicas. Materiales y métodos: Se diseñaron oligonucleótidos específicos para la amplificación de un fragmento de 318pb luego de una alineación múltiple de secuencias REP13E12 de M. tuberculosis. Se realizó la estandarización del método de PCR y se evaluó la sensibilidad y especificidad diagnóstica utilizando muestras clínicas con diagnóstico baciloscópico y cultivo. Resultados: El REP13E12-PCR detectó hasta 100 fg de ADN genómico, fue específico para la detección del complejo M. tuberculosis y capaz de distinguirlos de micobacterias atípicas. Esta evaluación preliminar proporcionó 100% de sensibilidad y especificidad en muestras clínicas de pacientes con diagnóstico de TB. Conclusiones: La amplificación de REP13E12 mediante PCR es una alternativa para el diagnóstico rápido de pacientes con TB, especialmente en casos cuyo diagnóstico pueda ser dificultoso o poco claro mediante el uso de los métodos convencionales..

Objectives: To design and implement of PCR method for sensitivity and specific detection of M. tuberculosis oriented to opportune and correctly diagnosis of tuberculosis by the application on clinical specimens. Material an methods: Specific oligonucleotides for the amplification of a fragment of 318pb after a multiple alignment of sequences REP13E12 were designed. The PCR method was standarize and also the analytical and diagnostic sensibility and specifity was evaluate; using clinical samples with smear or culture diagnosis positive and negative. Results: The REP13E12-PCR detected up to 100 fg of genomic DNA. It was specific for the detection of complex M. tuberculosis and able to distinguish them of non-tuberculous mycobacteria. This preliminary evaluation provided 100% of sensitivity and specificity in sputum samples of patients with TB diagnosis. Conclusions: The REP13E12 amplification by PCR is an alternative method for the rapid diagnosis of patients with TB, especially for cases which difficult or unclear diagnosis by the gold standard technique.

Intervención de terapia ocupacional en prevención y tratamiento de obesidad y diabetes mellitus tipo II: nunca pensamos que era algo más que una dieta1 / O.T. intervention for prevention and treatment of obesity and diabetes: we never thought was more than a diet

El presente artículo muestra la experiencia de intervención de Terapia Ocupacional con personas Obesas y Pre Diabéticas, realizado en un Centro de Salud Familiar de la Comuna El Bosque. La experiencia se enmarca dentro de un Programa de Intervención Integral, para personas con Obesidad y Pre Diabetes, financiado por el Fondo Nacional de la Salud FONASA y desarrollado como una experiencia piloto en cinco establecimientos de salud durante el año 2004 Y 2005, experiencia que por sus resultados en el presente año, está siendo implementada a lo largo de todo Chile. La intervención, que considera el abordaje integral de las patologías antes señaladas, es llevada a cabo por un equipo multiprofesional compuesto por: Nutricionista, Médico, Terapeuta Ocupacional, Kinesiólogo y Auxiliar Paramédico. La experiencia en la práctica fue desarrollada por una Terapeuta Ocupacional, miembro del equipo del Centro de Salud Familiar y docente de la Universidad Andrés Bello, y cuatro alumnas en práctica de la Carrera de Terapia Ocupacional, de la misma casa de estudios, quienes realizaron intervenciones individuales y grupales por espacio de 10 meses, entre Julio de 2004 y Abril de 2005.Lo que se presenta en este artículo, así como el análisis y reflexiones que de éste surgen, constituyen un espacio innovador y pionero para la Terapia Ocupacional como disciplina y abren un camino para la inserción del Terapeuta Ocupacional en la prevención y tratamiento de patologías crónicas, así como la promoción de la salud en la atención primaria.

The present article is about the experience of working in Occupational Therapy with fat and pre-diabetic people, carried out in a Family Health Center in El Bosque commune. This knowledge is applied to a program of integral intervention to pre-diabetic and fat people, subsidized by FONASA National Funds of Health and realized as a pilot experience in five different establishment of health between 2004 and 2005. For its excellent results this experience in the current year is being applied to others communes of our country. The intervention that considers the complete attention of the pathologies before mentioned is performances by a multiprofessional team integrated by Nutritionist, Doctors, Occupational Therapist, Kinesyologist and Paramedical Assistant.Interventions that, in the practice were developed by an Occupational Therapists member of the team of the Family Health Center and teacher from Andres Bello University, and four students making practicing in the occupational therapy career from the some establishment, who carried out individual and group interventions approximately ten months between July 2004 and April 2005.The analysis and reflections we can observe in this paper constitute an innovative and pioneer space for the occupational therapy as a discipline, in the prevention and treatment of the chronic pathologies, and to the health promotion in the primary attention.

Binomiomadre niño: un modelo de capacitacion del equipo de salud en atencion primaria / Mother-child binomial: primary health care traning model for health teams

El 60 por ciento de las muerte infantiles se relacionan con la saludmaterna por eso la importancia de trabajar el binomio madreniño.El bajo peso al nacer está relacionado con escasos controlesprenatales, espacios intergenéticos cortos, enfermedadesmaternas como hipertensión, alteraciones de la nutrición y escasaeducación. El objetivo del presente trabajo es presentar un modelo deenseñanza de la pediatría en el post grado que integre el binomiomadre-niño b) Abordar la capacitación y actualizacióninterdisciplinaria del equipo de salud de APS a traves de unamodalidad a distancia c)Favorecer la articulación docenteasistencial. (Universidad, Provincia, Municipio).La modalidad a distancia brinda oportunidad a losprofesionales a actualizarse sin dejar su medio social y laboral.El material de estudio, módulos, se envía por correo electrónicoo en soporte digital (CD). Las actividades que se proponen sonla mayoría de resolución colectiva, lo que permite la integraciónde las diferentes disciplinas del equipo de salud. Se implementóla figura del tutor y dos evaluaciones presenciales, además deuna encuesta de satisfacción.(AU)

Binomiomadre niño: un modelo de capacitacion del equipo de salud en atencion primaria / Mother-child binomial: primary health care traning model for health teams

El 60 por ciento de las muerte infantiles se relacionan con la saludmaterna por eso la importancia de trabajar el binomio madreniño.El bajo peso al nacer está relacionado con escasos controlesprenatales, espacios intergenéticos cortos, enfermedadesmaternas como hipertensión, alteraciones de la nutrición y escasaeducación. El objetivo del presente trabajo es presentar un modelo deenseñanza de la pediatría en el post grado que integre el binomiomadre-niño b) Abordar la capacitación y actualizacióninterdisciplinaria del equipo de salud de APS a traves de unamodalidad a distancia c)Favorecer la articulación docenteasistencial. (Universidad, Provincia, Municipio).La modalidad a distancia brinda oportunidad a losprofesionales a actualizarse sin dejar su medio social y laboral.El material de estudio, módulos, se envía por correo electrónicoo en soporte digital (CD). Las actividades que se proponen sonla mayoría de resolución colectiva, lo que permite la integraciónde las diferentes disciplinas del equipo de salud. Se implementóla figura del tutor y dos evaluaciones presenciales, además deuna encuesta de satisfacción.

[Pulmonary thromboembolism associated with antiphospholipid syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus]. / Tromboembolismo pulmonar relacionado a síndrome antifosfolípido y lupus eritematoso sistémico.

The association between systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome can cause several complications. We report a 45 years old woman, treated with steroids for a systemic lupus erythematosus. She presented with a clinical picture of a lupus pneumonitis and, subsequently, with the picture of a pulmonary thromboembolism. The diagnosis was confirmed by helicoidal computed axial tomography. The patient was treated with anticoagulants, with a favourable outcome.

EFICIÊNCIA RELATIVA DE FONTES DE FÓSFORO DE DIFERENTES SOLUBILIDADES NA CULTURA DO ARROZ

A greenhouse experiment was conducted with rice aiming to evaluate the agronomic efficiency of phosphates soluble in citric acid 2% or ammonium citrate, as compared to the water soluble phosphates and to compare the efficiency between the extractors of resin and Mehlich with the available soil phosphorus. The sources tested were Simple superphosphate (SSP), Magnesium multiphosphate (MP), Magnesium thermophosphate (TP), Araxá rock phosphate (AP) and Gafsa rock phosphate (GP), at the rates of 0, 50 and 150 mg P/dm3. The agronomic efficiency indices (AEI) for the 50 mg rate were 106%, 98%, 95% and 16% respectively for MP, TP, GP when compared to a standard AEI of 100% for SSP. At the higher rate, AEI were, of the same order, 86%, 82%, 84% and 22%, the first three being statistically equivalent to SSP, showing similar efficiencies when compared to water-soluble phosphates. Furthemore, in comparing ion-exchange resin and Mehlich as soil phosphate extractors, the resin was observed to have a much better correlation between soil phosphorus and a) dry matter yield (r = 0,82 resin and r = 0,08 Mehlich) b) phosphorus uptake by rice plants (r = 0,89 resin and r = 0,15 Mehlich).

Foi realizado um experimento em casa de vegetação com arroz, para verificar se os fosfatos solúveis em ácido cítrico a 2% ou citrato de amônio apresentam a mesma eficiência agronômica que os fosfatos solúveis em água e comparar a eficiência dos extratores de resina e Mehlich com a disponibilidade de fósforo no solo. As fontes testadas foram superfosfatos simples (SPS), multifosfato magnesiano (MFM), termofosfato magnesiano (TFM), fosfato de Araxá (FA) e fosfato de Gafsa (FG), nas doses de 0, 50 e 150mg P/dm3. Na dose de 50mg P/dm3 as fontes apresentaram índice de eficiência agronômica (IEA), em relação ao SPS (IEA = 100%), de 106%, 98%, 95% e 16%, respectivamente para o MFM, TFM, FG e FA. Na maior dose (150 mg P/dm3) os IEA foram de 86%, 82%, 84% e 22% para as fontes na mesma ordem, sendo as três primeiras estatisticamente iguais ao SPS, demonstrando que os fosfatos solúveis em ácido cítrico ou citrato apresentaram eficiência agronômica similar à de fosfatos solúveis em água. Comparando-se a resina trocadora de íons e o extrator de Mehlich como extratores de P do solo, observou-se que a resina forneceu as melhores correlações entre o fósforo do solo e produção de matéria seca (r = 0,82 resina e r = 0,08 Mehlich) e quantidade de fósforo absorvido pelas plantas de arroz (r = 0,89 resina e r = 0,15 Mehlich).

Eficiência relativa de fontes de fósforo de diferentes solubilidades na cultura do arroz

A greenhouse experiment was conducted with rice aiming to evaluate the agronomic efficiency of phosphates soluble in citric acid 2% or ammonium citrate, as compared to the water soluble phosphates and to compare the efficiency between the extractors of resin and Mehlich with the available soil phosphorus. The sources tested were Simple superphosphate (SSP), Magnesium multiphosphate (MP), Magnesium thermophosphate (TP), Araxá rock phosphate (AP) and Gafsa rock phosphate (GP), at the rates of 0, 50 and 150 mg P/dm3. The agronomic efficiency indices (AEI) for the 50 mg rate were 106%, 98%, 95% and 16% respectively for MP, TP, GP when compared to a standard AEI of 100% for SSP. At the higher rate, AEI were, of the same order, 86%, 82%, 84% and 22%, the first three being statistically equivalent to SSP, showing similar efficiencies when compared to water-soluble phosphates. Furthemore, in comparing ion-exchange resin and Mehlich as soil phosphate extractors, the resin was observed to have a much better correlation between soil phosphorus and a) dry matter yield (r = 0,82 resin and r = 0,08 Mehlich) b) phosphorus uptake by rice plants (r = 0,89 resin and r = 0,15 Mehlich).

Foi realizado um experimento em casa de vegetação com arroz, para verificar se os fosfatos solúveis em ácido cítrico a 2% ou citrato de amônio apresentam a mesma eficiência agronômica que os fosfatos solúveis em água e comparar a eficiência dos extratores de resina e Mehlich com a disponibilidade de fósforo no solo. As fontes testadas foram superfosfatos simples (SPS), multifosfato magnesiano (MFM), termofosfato magnesiano (TFM), fosfato de Araxá (FA) e fosfato de Gafsa (FG), nas doses de 0, 50 e 150mg P/dm3. Na dose de 50mg P/dm3 as fontes apresentaram índice de eficiência agronômica (IEA), em relação ao SPS (IEA = 100%), de 106%, 98%, 95% e 16%, respectivamente para o MFM, TFM, FG e FA. Na maior dose (150 mg P/dm3) os IEA foram de 86%, 82%, 84% e 22% para as fontes na mesma ordem, sendo as três primeiras estatisticamente iguais ao SPS, demonstrando que os fosfatos solúveis em ácido cítrico ou citrato apresentaram eficiência agronômica similar à de fosfatos solúveis em água. Comparando-se a resina trocadora de íons e o extrator de Mehlich como extratores de P do solo, observou-se que a resina forneceu as melhores correlações entre o fósforo do solo e produção de matéria seca (r = 0,82 resina e r = 0,08 Mehlich) e quantidade de fósforo absorvido pelas plantas de arroz (r = 0,89 resina e r = 0,15 Mehlich).

[Hepatitis C virus infection presenting as a polyarthritis: report of 2 cases]. / Poliartritis como manifestación de infección por virus C de la hepatitis: presentación de dos casos clínicos.

Several disease have been associated with hepatitis C virus infections, including rheumatologic, hematologic and neoplastic disorders. We report two women, aged 57 and 39 years old whom the initial presentation of hepatitis C virus infection was an arthritis resembling rheumatoid arthritis. Laboratory work up revealed abnormal liver function tests, stimulating the search for hepatitis C virus infection, having both patients positive ELISA tests. Detection of this agent is extremely important when selecting a therapy for the articular disease, since several drugs used in the treatment of rheumatic disorders are potentially hepatotoxic and immunosuppression is risky in the setting of a viral hepatitis.