An evaluation of the license to save lives program to promote organ, eye, and tissue donation among teenagers.

As the number of designated organ donors continues to lag behind the number of waiting list patients, teenagers remain a promising demographic of potential organ donors. The current study enlisted Michigan and Ohio driver education students to participate in an online digital learning intervention, License to Save Lives (LTSL). Students were randomly assigned to either an interactive or noninteractive LTSL intervention. Across both states, the pretest-posttest design revealed greater knowledge among students following exposure to either the interactive or noninteractive LTSL program. No attitudinal or behavioral differences emerged between the interactive and noninteractive conditions. Michigan (39.82%) and Ohio (58.10%) students registered to be organ donors at a respectable rate. The results are discussed with an emphasis on feasibility and sustainability as well as the promise for digital games to promote organ donation knowledge, attitude, and registration among teenagers.

Sebaceoma. Reporte de un caso / Sebaceoma. Case report

RESUMEN El sebaceoma es un tumor de las glándulas sebáceas. Vinculado a una posible alteración en la vía de señalización Wnt/beta-catenina. Se caracteriza clínicamente por ser una lesión exofítica, más comúnmente de aparición solitaria y amarillenta. Cuando en un mismo paciente los tumores son múltiples debemos descartar la presencia del síndrome de Muir-Torre, un trastorno asociado a la presencia de neoplasias malignas internas. En la histopatología, el diagnóstico diferencial se realizaprincipalmente con el adenoma sebáceo, teniendo en cuenta el porcentaje de células germinativas o inmaduras en los lóbulos. El tratamiento de elección es la extirpación quirúrgica, aunque también se puede emplear la electrodesecación, entre otros. Se decide reportar el caso de una paciente femenina con un tumor sebáceo de poca frecuencia, haciendo una revisión de las características clínicas e histopatológicas que nos ayuden a disminuir las dificultades en el diagnóstico.

ABSTRACT Sebaceoma is a rare sebaceous gland tumor, named by Troy and Ackerman in 1984. A possible alteration in the Wnt / beta-catenin signaling pathway has been linked to its etiology and would play an important role in genesis of some tumors, including sebaceous. It is clinically characterized by being an exophytic lesion, most commonly of a solitary, yellowish appearance, which appears in seborrheic areas, although the symptoms can be very heterogeneous. When tumors are multiple in the same patient, we must rule out the presence of Muir-Torre syndrome, an autosomal dominant disorder that is associated with the presence of internal malignancies. In Sebaceoma dermoscopy, an amorphous yellowish erythematous area is generally found, which suggests the sebaceous etiology of the lesion, but currently the definitive diagnosis can only be confirmed with histopathology. The differential diagnosis is made mainly with sebaceous adenoma, taking into account the percentage of germ cells or immature lobes, being less than 50% in sebaceous adenoma and more than 50% in sebaceoma, the latter also tends to be of greater size and depth. The treatment of choice is surgical removal, although electrodesiccation, cryotherapy, or curettage can also be used. It was decided to report the case of a female patient with an infrequent sebaceous tumor, making a review of the clinical and histopathological characteristics that help us decrease the difficulties in diagnosis.

Breeding oat for resistance to the crown rust pathogen Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae: achievements and prospects.

Crown rust, caused by Puccinia coronata f. sp. avenae (Pca), is a significant impediment to global oat production. Some 98 alleles at 92 loci conferring resistance to Pca in Avena have been designated; however, allelic relationships and chromosomal locations of many of these are unknown. Long-term monitoring of Pca in Australia, North America and elsewhere has shown that it is highly variable even in the absence of sexual recombination, likely due to large pathogen populations that cycle between wild oat communities and oat crops. Efforts to develop cultivars with genetic resistance to Pca began in the 1950s. Based almost solely on all all-stage resistance, this has had temporary benefits but very limited success. The inability to eradicate wild oats, and their common occurrence in many oat growing regions, means that future strategies to control Pca must be based on the assumption of a large and variable prevailing pathogen population with high evolutionary potential, even if cultivars with durable resistance are deployed and grown widely. The presence of minor gene, additive APR to Pca in hexaploid oat germplasm opens the possibility of pyramiding several such genes to give high levels of resistance. The recent availability of reference genomes for diploid and hexaploid oat will undoubtedly accelerate efforts to discover, characterise and develop high throughput diagnostic markers to introgress and pyramid resistance to Pca in high yielding adapted oat germplasm.

Lesiones plantares en paciente pediátrico: apropósito de dos casos / Sole of feet lesions in pediatric patients: a purpose of two cases

RESUMEN Las mastocitosis e histiocitosis, son enfermedades que se caracterizan por la proliferación o activación descontrolada y posterior acumulación anormal de mastocitos e histiocitos respectivamente. De incidencia desconocida, talvez porque son subdiagnosticadas. Su patogenia aún es desconocida, si bien está relacionada con mutaciones en la vía del C-KIT para las mastocitosis y de origen viral o neoplásico en el caso de las histiocitosis. Ambas patologías suelen ser frecuentes en la infancia, incluso algunas son congénitas. El mastocitoma cutáneo único sería una forma benigna de mastocitosis y la histiocitosis de células de Langerhans es una forma de histiocitosis que en nuestro caso al afectar un solo órgano (la piel) tendría un buen pronóstico.

SUMMARY Mastocytosis and histiocytosis are diseases that are characterice by uncontrolled proliferation or activation and subsequent abnormal activation of mast cells and histiocytes respectively. Of unknown incidence, perhaps because they are underdiagnosed, their pathogenesis is still unknown although it is related to mutations in the C-KIT pathway for mastocytosis and of viral or neoplastic origin in the case of histiocytosis. Both pathologies are usually frequent in childhood, even some are congenital. The single cutaneous mastocytoma would be a benign form of mastocytosis and the histiocytosis of Langerhans cells is a form of histiocytosis that in our case affecting a single organ (the skin) will have a good prognosis.

An examination of teenagers' beliefs toward organ donor registration.

Teenagers represent a promising target population for organ donor registration efforts, as in the US teenagers age 15-17 may register their intent for organ donation, which later translates to consent at age 18. However, teenagers constitute a relatively understudied population in the organ donation literature. A sample of teenagers (N = 466) ranging in age from 13 to 19 was recruited from driver's education schools in Ohio and Michigan in order to learn more about their perceived reasons for and against registering as an organ donor. A coding scheme was developed, and responses were coded by two trained coders. In line with previous work in adult samples, our results revealed the three most common reasons for registering were prosocial benefits, rational arguments, and personal experience. In contrast to previous work among adults, the two most common reasons for not registering were bodily integrity and religious reasons. Several novel beliefs among teenagers that were both supportive and non-supportive of organ donor registration were identified. Findings from the current study are discussed with an emphasis on implications for practitioners working to promote organ donor registration among teenage audiences.

Raman spectrum of layered tilkerodeite (Pd2HgSe3) topological insulator: the palladium analogue of jacutingaite (Pt2HgSe3).

The layered mineral tilkerodeite (Pd2HgSe3), the palladium analogue of jacutingaite (Pt2HgSe3), is a promising quantum spin hall insulator for low-power nanospintronics. In this context, a fast and reliable assessment of its structure is key for exploring fundamental properties and architecture of new Pd2HgSe3-based devices. Here, we investigate the first-order Raman spectrum in high-quality, single-crystal bulk tilkerodeite, and analyze the wavenumber relation to its isostructural jacutingaite analogue. By using polarized Raman spectroscopy, symmetry analysis, and first-principles calculations, we assigned all the Raman-active phonons in tilkerodeite, unveiling their wavenumbers, atomic displacement patterns, and symmetries. Our calculations used several exchange-correlation functionals within the density functional perturbation theory framework, reproducing both structure and Raman-active phonon wavenumbers in excellent agreement with experiments. Also, it was found that the influence of the spin-orbit coupling can be neglected in the study of these properties. Finally, we compared the wavenumber and atomic displacement patterns of corresponding Raman-active modes in tilkerodeite and jacutingaite, and found that the effect of the Pd and Pt masses can be neglected on reasoning their wavenumber differences. From this analysis, tilkerodeite is found to be mechanically weaker than jacutingaite against the atomic displacement patterns of these modes. Our findings advance the understanding of the structural properties of a recently discovered layered topological insulator, fundamental to further exploring its electronic, optical, thermal, and mechanical properties, and for device fabrication.

Ecogenomics and metabolic potential of the South Atlantic Ocean microbiome.

The unique combination of depth, salinity, and water masses make the South Atlantic Ocean an ecosystem of special relevance within the global ocean. Yet, the microbiome of this ecosystem has received less attention than other regions of the global Ocean. This has hampered our understanding of the diversity and metabolic potential of the microorganisms that dwell in this habitat. To fill this knowledge gap, we analyzed a collection of 31 metagenomes from the Atlantic Ocean that spanned the epipelagic, mesopelagic and bathypelagic zones (surface to 4000 m). Read-centric and gene-centric analysis revealed the unique taxonomic and functional composition of metagenomes from each depth zone, which was driven by differences in physical and chemical parameters. In parallel, a total of 40 metagenome-assembled genomes were obtained, which recovered one third of the total community. Phylogenomic reconstruction revealed that many of these genomes are derived from poorly characterized taxa of Bacteria and Archaea. Genomes derived from heterotrophic bacteria of the aphotic zone displayed a large apparatus of genes suited for the utilization of recalcitrant organic compounds such as cellulose, chitin and alkanes. In addition, we found genomic evidence suggesting that mixotrophic bacteria from the bathypelagic zone could perform carbon fixation through the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle, fueled by sulfur oxidation. Finally, we found that the viral communities shifted throughout the water column regarding their targeted hosts and virus-to-microbe ratio, in response to shifts in the composition and functioning their microbial counterparts. Our findings shed light on the microbial and viral drivers of important biogeochemical processes that take place in the South Atlantic Ocean.

Lesão renal aguda no tratamento concomitante de vancomicina com piperacilina/tazobactam / Acute kidney injury in the concomitant treatment of vancomycin with piperacillin/tazobactam

Objectivos: Avaliar a incidência de lesão renal aguda em pacientes que recebem tratamento concomitante com vancomicina e piperacilina/tazobactam, em comparação com grupos de pacientes tratados com ambos os antibióticos isoladamente ou com vancomicina associada a meropenem.Métodos: Foram definidos 4 grupos de estudo constituídos por pacientes submetidos aos seguintes regimes de antibioterapia nos últimos 2 anos: um grupo tratado concomitantemente com vancomicina e piperacilina/tazobactam; um grupo tratado apenas com piperacilina/tazobactam; um grupo de pacientes tratados apenas com vancomicina; um grupo tratado com a associação vancomicina e meropenem.Para cada paciente nos grupos de estudo, foram analisados os valores de creatinina sérica imediatamente antes do início de cada tratamento e após o término do mesmo.Foi elaborada uma base de dados na qual foram identificados os pacientes, idade, data de início e término do tratamento, valores iniciais e finais de creatinina sérica assim como respectivas diferenças.Os pacientes foram seleccionados de acordo com os seguintes critérios de elegibilidade: duração do tratamento superior a 72 horas e com valores disponíveis de creatinina sérica imediatamente antes e após o tratamento. (AU)

Objectives: Evaluate the incidence of acute renal injury in patients receiving concomitant treatment with vancomycin and piperacillin/tazobactam, compared to groups of patients treated with both antibiotics alone or with vancomycin associated to meropenem. Methods: Were defined 4 study groups consisting of patients submitted to the following antibiotic treatment regimens in the last 2 years: one group concomitantly treated with vancomycin and piperacillin/tazobactam; a group treated only with piperacillin/tazobactam; a group of patients treated with vancomycin alone; a group treated with vancomycin and meropenem in combination.For each patient in the study groups, serum creatinine values were analyzed immediately prior to the start of each treatment and after the end of treatment.A database was elaborated in which patient identification, age, start and end date of treatment, initial and final serum creatinine values as respective diferences, were established.Patients were selected according to the following eligibility criteria: treatment duration greater than 72 hours and with available serum creatinine values immediately before and after treatment. (AU)

Use of sugar cane to feed lactating dairy goats / [Uso da cana-de-açúcar na alimentação de cabras leiteiras em lactação]

The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of replacing corn silage with sugarcane in the diet of lactating Saanen goats and to determine their intake and digestibility of nutrients, ingestive behavior, milk yield and composition. The experimental diets were composed of increasing levels (0, 33, 66 and 100%) of substitution in dry matter (DM). Twelve multiparous Saanen goats, with an average body weight of 45.2kg, average milk yield of 3.0kg day-1, distributed in a triple latin square experimental design (4 × 4) were used. The dry matter intake (DMI) and other nutrients were estimated through the difference between the total nutrient in the food offered and its total in the leftovers. The DMI, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and total digestible nutrients were not influenced, but the apparent digestibility of DM and NDF decreased. Feeding time and feeding efficiency were not influenced, the rumination and total chewing times increased, and the leisure time decreased, both linearly. Milk yield was not influenced by substitution levels, but corrected milk yield to 3.5% fat decreased. Sugar cane represents a dietary alternative for goats with medium milk yield in critical periods of forage, since it does not change the consumption of DM and milk yield, even with the apparent declining digestibility of some nutrients, influencing the ingestive behavior of the animals.(AU)

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da substituição da silagem de milho por cana-de-açúcar na dieta de cabras Saanen em lactação e determinar a ingestão e a digestibilidade de nutrientes, o comportamento ingestivo, a produção e a composição do leite. As dietas experimentais foram compostas de níveis crescentes (0, 33, 66 e 100%) de substituição na matéria seca (MS). Doze cabras Saanen multíparas, com peso corporal médio de 45,2kg, produção média de leite de 3,0kg dia-1, foram distribuídas em delineamento experimental triplo quadrado latino (4 × 4). A ingestão de matéria seca (IMS) e de outros nutrientes foi estimada por meio da diferença entre o total de nutrientes nos alimentos oferecidos e o total nas sobras. A IMS, a proteína bruta, a fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) e os nutrientes digestíveis totais não foram influenciados, mas a digestibilidade aparente da MS e da FDN diminuiu. A produção de leite não foi influenciada pelos níveis de substituição, mas a produção de leite corrigida para 3,5% de gordura diminuiu. A cana-de-açúcar representa uma alternativa alimentar para cabras com produção média de leite em períodos críticos de forragem, pois não altera o consumo de MS e a produção de leite, mesmo diminuindo a digestibilidade aparente de alguns nutrientes e influenciando o comportamento ingestivo dos animais.(AU)

Penfigoide Gestacional / Pemphigoid Gestationis

Resumen 22. Las enfermedades ampollares de tipo penfigoide,se caracterizan por la presencia de ampollas de origen autoinmune.El Penfigoide gestacional(PG), es parte de este grupo de enfermedades y se define por la presencia de una erupción ampollar,intensamente pruriginosa de comienzo agudo, generalmente en el segundo trimestre del embarazo o posparto inmediato, en ocasiones puede haber compromiso fetal y asociarse con otras enfermedades de origen autoinmune.

Abstract 26. Pemphigoid-type bullous diseases are characterized by the presence of blisters of autoimmune origin.Gestational Pemphigoid (PG) is part of this group of diseases and is defined by the presence of an intensely pruritic bullous eruption of acute onset, usually in the second trimester of pregnancy or immediate postpartum period, there may be fetal compromise and associated with other diseases of autoimmune origin.

Ampollas Hemorrágicas en Purpura de Henoch - Schönlein en paciente pediátrico a propósito de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Hemorrhagic Bullous in Henoch - Schönlein Purpura in childrenabout a case and review of the literature

RESUMEN La Púrpura de Henoch - Schönlein (PHS) es una vasculitis leucocitoclástica, autolimitada que en la mayoría de los casos presenta manifestaciones cutáneas de purpura palpable acompañada de dolor articular, abdominal y alteración de la función renal. Reportamos un caso pediátrico de púrpura con ampollas de contenido hemorrágico variedad rara de presentación y difícil diagnóstico.

SUMARY Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is a self-limited a leukocytoclastic vasculitis, the most case have palpable purpura skin manifestations with arthralgia strong abdominal pain, and renal function compromise. We report a pediatric case of purpura with hemorrhagic blisters rare variety of presentation and difficult diagnosis.

Gendered Conceptions of Preconception Health: A Thematic Analysis of Men's and Women's Beliefs about Responsibility for Preconception Health Behavior.

Preconception health (PCH) focuses on taking steps before a pregnancy to safeguard the health of the woman and future baby. Although recommendations to improve PCH target all people of reproductive age, research shows most interventions and messages focus primarily on women, which may contribute to existing normative beliefs that women are more responsible for protecting children's health. In this study, we explore society's gendered expectations of responsibility for engaging in recommended PCH behaviors (i.e., avoiding smoking, drinking, and environmental toxins). An applied thematic analysis of online survey responses from U.S. men and women (N = 573) identified five main themes and related subthemes: body and health, shared responsibility, choice and moral obligation, gender stereotypes, and doubt and uncertainty. Both men and women frequently referenced biological connections between prospective parents and offspring as justification for PCH behaviors. When challenging PCH recommendations, respondents mentioned excessive control of women and men's secondary role in reproduction. Overall, gender stereotypes were more commonly expressed in relation to men yet reflected both traditional and contemporary male roles (i.e., as supporters, co-parents). When judging personal responsibility, women commonly viewed PCH behaviors as the 'duty of a good mother'. Implications for PCH communication research and practice are discussed.

Neurofibromatosis segmentaria / Segmental neurofibromatosis

RESUMEN Presentamos un caso de neurofibromatosis segmentaria, en un paciente de sexo masculino de 60 años de edad. Los neurofibromas se localizaban en región cervical, los mismos eran asintomáticos, de 8 años de evolución.

ABSTRACT A case of segmental neurofibromatosis in a 60 years old male patient is presented along with a brief review of the literature. The patient had 8 years old neurofibromas, located in the cervical region; they were asymptomatic. No other alteration of type 1 neurofibromatosis was found.

Calorimetric approach to understand pH and salt influence on the adsorption mechanism of lysozyme to a traditional cation exchanger.

Built upon our interest in illustrating the complexity of protein adsorption onto chromatographic supports and to understand the rule of nonspecific interactions in the ion exchange adsorption process, a traditional model system (lysozyme - carboxymethyl cellulose) was used to determine the charge influence during biomolecule adsorption. Flow microcalorimetry (FMC) was exploit as a dynamic technique that provides adsorption and desorption heat signals for a specific system, permitting an improved understanding of the driving forces and mechanisms involved during the interaction. For this purpose, measurements were made at pH 8 at both absence and presence of salt (NaCl 50 mM) and compared with previous studies performed at pH 5. Distinct FMC profiles were observed regarding pH. For most of the experiments, two exothermic heat signals are observed at pH 8 while at pH 5 one endothermic and one exothermic peak are shown. This difference was justified with a less energy demanding for desolvation at pH 8. Lysozyme adsorption was shown to be a multi-step process involving desolvation, primary protein adsorption and secondary adsorption after reorientation with distinct contributions to the overall energy. At pH 8, the exothermic contribution to the adsorption process is lower compared to pH 5, which is justified by the lower charge density that lysozyme presents at pH 8 compared to pH 5.

Granuloma anular atípico ¿sólo una patología benigna? / Atypical granuloma annulare¿only a benign entity?

RESUMEN El granuloma anular (GA) es una dermatosis inflamatoria crónica de carácter benigno, asintomática y autolimitada. Aún permanece desconocida la fisiopatología de dicha entidad, pero se ha sugerido una base inmunológica. Dicha dermatosis se caracteriza, en su forma clásica, por presentar pápulas que confluyen formando placas, de periferia elevada y centro deprimido, endisposición anular. Las lesiones son de color piel normal, ligeramente eritematosas o violáceas. Se describen diversas formas clínicas. Los cuatro tipos más frecuentes son: GA localizado, GA generalizado, GA perforante y GA profundo, subcutáneo o nodular. La clínica por sí sola, habitualmente, no presenta ningún desafío diagnóstico, ya que suele ser característica en la mayoría de los casos, peroen el caso de las formas clínicas atípicas es necesaria la confirmación con un estudio histopatológico. Se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino de 41 años de edad con dermatosis compatible con una forma atípica de GA.

ABSTRACT Granuloma annulare is a benign cutaneous inflammatory disease. It is usually asymptomatic and self-limited. While the exact pathophysiology is unknown, it has been associated with a retarded hypersensitivity of type IV driven by the presence of unspecified antigens. Classical cutaneous lesions are characterized by the presence of papules coalescing to form annular plaques with a central clearing or a central depression.The clinical manifestations vary from a usual localized form to a generalized one, both with erythematous, violaceous or skin-colored lesions. Given that most cases present the classical form, they do not pose a diagnostic challenge. However, histopathological study is necessary in the case of atypical clinical presentations. A 41-year-old male presented with a 4-month dermatosis. The physical examination showed four 2cm erythematous plaques, slightly infiltrated in the right upper limb and three lesions of 1cm in the left upper limb with the same characteristics. Tactile, pain and thermal sensitivity was conserved. The patient only referred to an occasionally mild pruritus.

Effects of Opinion Climate, Efficacy Messages, and Publicness of Social Media on Intentions to Retransmit Anti-Binge Drinking Messages on Facebook.

Reducing the rate of college binge drinking is a major public health goal. Social media sites such as Facebook serve as platforms for young adults' online communication, so they could potentially extend the reach of health campaign messages via retransmission. Thus, it is important to identify the factors that predict intentions to share health-related messages on social media. Drawing on the Spiral of Silence framework, the current research examined the effects of opinion climate, message efficacy, and publicness of social media on message retransmission intentions for anti-binge drinking "how-to" messages-messages that include advice and recommendations that target beliefs about efficacy. A 2 × 2 × 2 (efficacy: high vs. low × opinion climate: support vs. oppose × channel: public vs. private) between-subjects experiment was conducted. Data from 245 participants on Amazon Mechanical Turk demonstrated that people were more willing to share when they had an anti- rather than a pro-binge drinking opinion climate, when the messages were more useful, and when they were asked to share via private messaging rather than via public status updates. Theoretical and practical implications for the psychological mechanisms underlying message retransmission on social media are discussed.

Inhibited enzymatic reaction of crosslinked lactate oxidase through a pH-dependent mechanism.

Lactate oxidase (LOx), recognized to selectively catalyze the lactate oxidation in complex matrices, has been highlighted as preferable biorecognition element for the development of lactate biosensors. In a previous work, we have demonstrated that LOx crosslinking on a modified screen-printed electrode results in a dual range lactate biosensor, with one of the analysis linear range (4 to 50 mM) compatible with lactate sweat levels. It was advanced that such behavior results from an atypical substrate inhibition process. To understand such inhibition phenomena, this work relies in the study of LOx structure when submitted to increased substrate concentrations. The results found by fluorescence spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering of LOx solutions, evidenced conformational changes of the enzyme, occurring in presence of inhibitory substrate concentrations. Therefore, the inhibition behavior found at the biosensor, is an outcome of LOx structural alterations as result of a pH-dependent mechanism promoted at high substrate concentrations.

Does Discrimination Breed Mistrust? Examining the Role of Mediated and Non-Mediated Discrimination Experiences in Medical Mistrust.

Medical mistrust is associated with a decreased likelihood of engaging in various health behaviors, including health utilization and preventive screening. Despite calls for research to address medical mistrust, few studies have explicitly delved into antecedents to medical mistrust. The current study a) examines the relationship between discrimination experiences and medical mistrust and b) experimentally tests the influence of mediated vicarious discrimination on reported levels of medical mistrust. Participants (N = 198) were randomly assigned to view news stories in one of four experimental conditions: no exposure, no discrimination control, implicit racial discrimination, and explicit racial discrimination. Results indicated prior personal and vicarious discrimination experiences were related to medical mistrust. Furthermore, exposure to mediated discrimination influenced medical mistrust in different ways for Black and White participants. Among Black participants, medical mistrust was significantly higher for those exposed to the implicit racial discrimination condition than the control condition. Marginal differences were found for White participants such that those exposed to both explicit and implicit racial discrimination conditions reported higher medical mistrust than those exposed to the control condition. Our findings are discussed in terms of the theoretical and practical implications for health communication scholars seeking to examine and influence health behaviors.