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1.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 74(6)dic. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1441434

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la tasa de hernia incisional (HI) tras la extracción de piezas operatorias por mini-laparatomia media periumbilical (MM) versus mini-laparotomía transversa suprapúbica (MTS) en pacientes sometidos a cirugía laparoscópica por cáncer colorrectal (CLCC), y evaluar los factores asociados a su ocurrencia. Material y Método: Estudio de cohorte no concurrente. Se incluyen todos los pacientes consecutivos sometidos a CLCC en nuestro centro entre septiembre 2006 y diciembre 2017, cuya pieza operatoria fuese extraída por una MM o MTS y que contaran con un control tomográfico en el seguimiento. El diagnóstico de HI se realizó mediante tomografía computada, evaluada por dos radiólogos de forma independiente. Se agruparon los pacientes en MM y MTS, y se evaluaron las tasas de HI según sitio de extracción. Además, se realizó una regresión logística para identificar factores asociados a HI. Resultados: Se identificaron 1090 pacientes que tuvieron resecciones colorrectales lapa-roscópicas durante el período estudiado. De estos, 254 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. La edad media de la serie fue de 63 años (53,5% son hombres) con un IMC de 26,4 kg/m2. El sitio de extracción fue una MTS en un 53,1% y una MM en un 46,9%. Se identificó un total de 41 (34,5%) HI en el grupo de MM versus 17 (12,6%) en MTS (p = 0,001) en la TC de seguimiento realizado en una mediana de 18 meses (RIC 12-32) postoperatorios. En la regresión logística, el sitio de extracción (OR = 3,33, IC 95% 1,72-7,14, p < 0,001) y la presencia de patología bronquial obstructiva se asociaron de manera independiente con HI (OR = 3,45, IC 95% 1,11-11,11, p = 0,03). Conclusión: La MTS se asocia a una menor tasa de HI que la MM en pacientes sometidos a CLCC. Esto se debe tener en consideración al momento de elegir el sitio de extracción de pieza operatoria en CLCC.


Aim: To compare the rate of incisional hernia (IH) according to the extraction site in patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery (LCCS), and to evalúate the risk factors associated with its occurrence. Material and Method: Cohort study including all consecutive patients undergoing LCCS in our center between September 2006 and December 2017, where the specimen was extracted through a median mini-laparotomy (MM) or transverse suprapubic mini-laparotomy (TSM) and have a tomographic control during follow-up. The diagnosis of IH was made by computed tomography evaluated by two radiologists, independently. The rate of IH was calculated for both groups and a regression analysis were performed to identify factors associated with IH. Results: Some 1090 patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal resections were identified during the study period; of these, 254 met the inclusion criteria. The mean age of the series was 63 years (53.5% are men) with a BMI of 26.4 kg/m2. The extraction site was a TSM in 53.1% and a MM in 46.9%. A total of 41 (34.5%) IH were identified in the MM group versus 17 (12.6%) in TSM (p = 0.001) in the follow-up CT performed at a median of18 months (IQR 12-32) postoperative. In logistic regression, the extraction site (OR = 3.33, 95% CI 1.72-7.14, p < 0.001) and the presence of obstructive bronchial pathology were independently associated with IH (OR = 3, 45, 95% CI 1.11-11.11, p = 0.03). Conclusión: A TSM is associated with a lower rate of IH compared to a MM as extraction site in patients undergoing LCCS. This must be taken into account when choosing the extraction site in patients having LCCS.

2.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1389745

ABSTRACT

Resumen El clivus corresponde a una región de la fosa craneal posterior conformada por la unión del cuerpo del hueso esfenoidal y la porción basilar del hueso occipital, siendo sus lesiones poco frecuentes. Dentro de las lesiones clivales las más frecuentes son los cordomas (40%), condrosarcomas, adenomas ectópicos, linfomas, entre otros. Los linfomas no Hodgkin primario de hueso corresponden a una presentación extranodal, muy infrecuente en adultos, constituyendo sólo un 1% a 2% de estos en la base de cráneo. Se presentan principalmente con cefalea, síntomas B, diplopia y parestesias trigeminales. El origen primario clival es una manifestación aún más infrecuente, siendo su principal síntoma la cefalea. La sospecha debe ser alta requiriendo neuroimágenes, luego biopsia ya sea endoscópica o abierta. El manejo es con quimioterapia R-CHOP con un 67% de respuesta completa, 16% de detención de la progresión y 16% de progresión pese a tratamiento.


Abstract The clivus corresponds to a posterior cranial fossa region formed by the union of the body of the sphenoid bone and the basilar portion of the occipital bone, being its pathology very rare. Among the clival lesions, the most frequent are chordomas (40%), chondrosarcomas, ectopic adenomas, lymphomas, among others. Primary bone non-Hodgkin lymphomas correspond to an extranodal presentation, which is very infrequent in adults, while the skull base presentation corresponds only to 1% to 2%. They present mainly with headache, B symptoms, diplopia, and trigeminal paresthesia. The primary clival origin is an even more infrequent manifestation, with headache being its main symptom. The clinical suspicious must be high, requiring neuroimaging, then an endoscopic or open surgery biopsy. Management is standardized with R-CHOP chemotherapy with a 67% of complete response, 16% stop of progression and 16% progression despite treatment.

3.
Pituitary ; 24(3): 374-383, 2021 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33433887

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Pituitary abscesses (PAs) are a rare clinical entity which may arise from normal pituitary tissue or underlying lesions within the gland. Rathke's cleft cysts (RCCs) are not commonly associated with the development of PA. METHODS: Retrospective chart review of three patients with PAs within RCCs at a single university center and review of the literature. RESULTS: Three cases are reported. The first case presented with fever and headache and a history of prior surgery due to RCC and a recent respiratory tract infection. The second case had a history of recent skin infections and presented with sudden onset headache and hypopituitarism. In the third case, chronic visual field impairment prompted an ophthalmologic evaluation resulting in a diagnosis of an adenoma and an infected RCC. In all three cases, an endoscopic endonasal approach was performed to drain infected tissue and allowed microbiological identification of gram-positive cocci, followed by treatment with antibiotics for at least three weeks. Cases in the literature are scarce and the diagnosis is usually made intraoperatively due to non-specific manifestations and imaging. PAs arising from underlying pituitary lesions are less common than primary PAs. Differential diagnosis should include pituitary apoplexy, hypophysitis and other cystic lesions. CONCLUSION: PAs occurring in RCCs are infrequent. Clinical manifestations are commonly subacute, without septic symptoms. Imaging is usually non-specific. Preoperative diagnosis is infrequent and a broad differential diagnosis should be considered. Empirical antimicrobial therapy should be initiated and adjusted after obtaining cultures to reduce the rate of recurrence and improve clinical outcomes.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Renal Cell , Central Nervous System Cysts , Kidney Neoplasms , Pituitary Diseases , Pituitary Neoplasms , Abscess , Central Nervous System Cysts/diagnosis , Central Nervous System Cysts/surgery , Headache , Humans , Pituitary Diseases/diagnosis , Pituitary Neoplasms/diagnosis , Retrospective Studies
4.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 80(3): 307-311, set. 2020. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1144894

ABSTRACT

Resumen Los tumores del espacio parafaríngeo son poco frecuentes. Dentro de ellos, las neoplasias benignas son las más frecuentes, destacando principalmente los adenomas pleomorfos. Estos tumores suelen permanecer asintomáticos hasta alcanzar el tamaño suficiente para producir alteraciones debido al efecto de masa. A pesar de su naturaleza benigna, es necesario realizar resección completa dada su alta tasa de recurrencia y potencial de transformación maligna. Presentamos el caso de un paciente de 52 años que en estudio de vértigo se detecta incidentalmente una masa tumoral del espacio parafaríngeo de 45 mm × 32 mm de diámetro, de etiología incierta. Se realizó una biopsia incisional endoscópica que evidenció un adenoma pleomórfico, que actualmente se encuentra en etapa de evaluación y planificación de escisión completa. En conclusión, dado que los hallazgos clínicos y radiológicos no siempre son suficientes para determinar la naturaleza de las lesiones del espacio parafaríngeo, es importante contar con un diagnóstico histológico. Los avances en las técnicas de cirugía endoscópica sinusal han permitido acceder a esta zona con una mínima morbilidad y estadía hospitalaria. Debido a la posibilidad de transformación maligna los adenomas pleomórficos requieren un manejo activo.


Abstract Tumors of the parapharyngeal space are rare. Benign neoplasms are the most frequent and, among them, pleomorphic adenomas stand out. These tumors are usually asymptomatic until they reach a size large enough to produce symptoms due to mass effect. Despite its benign nature, it is necessary to perform a complete resection given its high recurrence rate and its potential for malignant transformation. We present the case of a 52-year-old man in whom a study of vertigo incidentally detected a mass in the parapharyngeal space measuring 45 mm × 32 mm in diameter, of unknown etiology. An endoscopic incisional biopsy was performed, showing a pleomorphic adenoma, which is currently under assessment to plan complete removal. In conclusion, as clinical and radiological findings are not always sufficient to determine the nature of parapharyngeal space lesions, it is important to obtain a histological diagnosis. Advances in endoscopic sinus surgery techniques have allowed access to this area with minimal morbidity and hospital stay. Due to the possibility of malignant transformation pleomorphic adenomas require active management.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pharyngeal Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Adenoma, Pleomorphic/diagnostic imaging , Parapharyngeal Space/diagnostic imaging , Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Biopsy , Parapharyngeal Space/abnormalities , Parapharyngeal Space/pathology
5.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 79(3): 357-365, set. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1058708

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: La patología sinusal inflamatoria e infecciosa puede comprometer la mucosa sinusal maxilar, etmoidal, esfenoidal o frontal, y su etiología es variada. Se ha observado que la patología odontológica es uno de los factores causales de la sinusitis maxilar, con una incidencia del 10% al 40% según diversas series de casos. El diagnóstico y tratamiento se debe realizar de manera interdisciplinaria entre las especialidades de otorrinolaringología y de cirugía maxilofacial. Se elaboró un documento descriptivo sobre la sinusitis odontogénica y orientador sobre su manejo, de acuerdo a una revisión de la literatura. Se realizaron búsquedas en las bases de datos PubMed, Lilacs y Google Académico, utilizando términos relevantes para la sinusitis odontogénica, con el fin de elaborar el documento. Se utilizaron 43 artículos, todos publicados desde el año 1986 hasta la fecha. Se concluye que la sinusitis odontogénica difiere tanto en la clínica como en la microbiología de otras enfermedades sinusales. El tratamiento se basa en el trabajo interdisciplinario e incluye cirugía endoscópica funcional, realizada por el otorrinolaringólogo, en conjunto con el tratamiento odontológico, siendo fundamental la buena comunicación entre ambos equipos.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Infectious and inflammatory sinus diseases have a varied etiology and can be associated to the maxillary, ethmoidal, sphenoidal and frontal sinuses. Dental pathology can be one of the etiological factors associated to maxillary sinus disease, with frequency rates of 10-40%. Diagnosis and treatment require interdisciplinary work, with participation of otorhinolaryngology and oral and maxillofacial surgery. The development of a descriptive document on odontogenic sinusitis and management guidelines according to literature review. Pubmed, Lilacs and Google Academic database were searched using terms relevant to odontogenic sinusitis, in order to prepare the document. 43 articles were used, all published from 1986 onwards. We conclude that odontogenic sinusitis differs clinically and microbiologically from other sinus pathologies. Treatment modalities are based upon interdisciplinary surgery, including functional endoscopic surgery done by otolaryngologists and dental treatment, being fundamental close communication between the two teams.


Subject(s)
Humans , Tooth Diseases/complications , Maxillary Sinusitis/etiology , Maxillary Sinusitis/therapy , Maxillary Sinusitis/diagnostic imaging , Periodontal Diseases/complications , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Maxillary Sinusitis/surgery , Maxillary Sinusitis/microbiology , Maxillary Sinusitis/drug therapy , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
6.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 79(1): 50-58, mar. 2019. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1004383

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: El Draf III es una técnica quirúrgica que permite el abordaje endoscópico de los senos frontales. Fue descrita como un procedimiento de rescate para la rinosinusitis crónica (RSCr) frontal en que falla la cirugía estándar. Actualmente, su uso se ha extendido a otras aplicaciones. Objetivo: (1) Revisar las indicaciones del abordaje Draf III, (2) Revisar si el abordaje permitió el manejo adecuado de la patología y (3) Evaluar la permeabilidad de los senos frontales. Material y método: Estudio retrospectivo descriptivo. Se evaluaron los registros de pacientes sometidos a un abordaje Draf III entre los años 2013-2016 (n =11). Se revisaron las indicaciones quirúrgicas, utilidad del Draf III para manejar la patología, permeabilidad de los senos frontales y complicaciones quirúrgicas. Resultados: Indicaciones quirúrgicas incluyeron la RSCr con pólipos, osteoma frontoetmoidal, mucocele frontal, papiloma invertido y estesioneuroblastoma. En todos los casos, el abordaje permitió un adecuado manejo de la patología. Todos los pacientes presentaron permeabilidad adecuada del Draf III al último control. Un paciente debió ser reoperado a los 15,5 meses por recidiva de papiloma invertido. Ningún paciente requirió cirugía de revisión por estenosis crítica del Draf III. No hubo complicaciones quirúrgicas. Discusión: El Draf III fue útil para manejar la RSCr, patologías benignas del seno frontal, y como parte de un abordaje extendido a la fosa craneal anterior. Conclusión: En nuestra serie, el Draf III resultó ser una excelente opción quirúrgica para el tratamiento de diversas patologías del seno frontal.


ABSTRACT Introduction: The Draf III procedure is an effective approach for the management of frontal sinus disorders. It was originally described as a rescue procedure for the treatment of refractory frontal sinusitis. Currently, it can be used to treat a variety of other disorders. Aim: (1) To review the indications for the Draf III procedure, (2) To evaluate if it enabled appropriate management of the disease, and (3) To evaluate frontal sinus patency. Material and Method: Retrospective descriptive study. Clinical records of patients who underwent a Draf III procedure between the years 2013-2016 (n=11) were reviewed. Surgical indications, the appropriateness of the approach to manage the frontal sinus disease, frontal sinus patency, and complications were analyzed. Results: Surgical indications included chronic rhinosinusitis with polyps, frontoethmoidal osteoma, frontal mucocele, inverted papilloma and esthesioneuroblastoma. In all cases, the approach allowed adequate management of the pathology. All patients had adequate patency of the Draf III at their last follow-up. One patient required a revision Draf III at 15.5 months follow-up because of an inverted papilloma recurrence. No patient required revision surgery for critical stenosis of the Draf III. No surgical complications were observed. Discussion: The Draf III procedure was useful for the management of chronic rhinosinusitis, for benign frontal sinus pathologies, and as part of an extended approach to the anterior cranial fossa. Conclusion: In our series, the Draf III procedure was an excellent surgical option for the management of a variety of frontal sinus pathologies.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Nose Neoplasms/surgery , Endoscopy/methods , Frontal Sinus/surgery , Permeability , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Chile , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Frontal Sinus/pathology , Frontal Sinus/diagnostic imaging
7.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 78(2): 141-146, jun. 2018. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-961606

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción La bola fúngica (BF) es una sinusitis fúngica no invasiva, con acumulación extramucosa de conglomerados densos de hifas de hongos en cavidades paranasales (CPN), afectando generalmente a mujeres inmunocompetentes. Objetivo Describir la presentación cínica, diagnóstico y tratamiento de una serie de pacientes con diagnóstico de BF de CPN. Material y método Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de pacientes con diagnóstico histopatológico de BF sometidos a cirugía endoscópica nasal (CEN) en nuestra institución entre 2010 y 2016. Resultados Se incluyeron 20 pacientes (15 mujeres, 5 hombres), con edad promedio al diagnóstico de 64 años (35-86 años), la mayoría inmunocompetente (85%). El síntoma más frecuente fue dolor facial (8/20). Todos los pacientes fueron estudiados con tomografia computarizada (TC) de CPN, presentando calcificaciones en 70%. La ubicación más frecuente fue el seno maxilar (12/20) y luego esfenoidal (6/20). Se realizó CEN en todos los pacientes, combinándolo con Caldwell Luc en 3 de ellos. Los cultivos intraoperatorios resultaron negativos en el 75% de los pacientes. Conclusión La BF tiene presentación cínica inespecifica. Se sospecha en base a hallazgos imagenológicos en la TC de CPN y se confirma histopatológicamente, dado el bajo rendimiento de los cultivos. La CEN es la herramienta diagnóstico-terapéutica de elección, con baja tasa de recidiva local.


ABSTRACT Introduction A fungus ball (FB) is a non-invasive fungal sinusitis, consisting of extramucosal accumulation of dense fungal hyphae conglomerates, located in paranasal sinuses. It generally affects immunocompetent women. Aim To describe the clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment in a series of patients diagnosed with FB of paranasal sinuses. Material and method Retrospective descriptive study regarding all patients with a histopathologic diagnosis of FB, who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in our institution between 2010 and 2016. Results Twenty patients (15 women, 5 men) were included, with a mean age at diagnosis of 64 years (35-86 years). Most were immunocompetent (85%). Facial pain was the most frequent symptom (8/20). All patients were studied with a sinus CT, finding paranasal calcifications in 70%. It predominantly involved the maxillary (12/20), and sphenoid sinus (6/20). All patients were treated with ESS, with a combined Caldwell Luc approach in only 3 of them. Intraoperative cultures were negative in 75% of patients. Conclusions Sinus FB has a non-specific clinical presentation. CT findings help suspect it, and it is confirmed with a histopathological study, given the poor efficiency of cultures. ESS is the diagnostic-therapeutic procedure of choice, with a low local recurrence rate.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Maxillary Sinusitis/epidemiology , Maxillary Sinusitis/diagnostic imaging , Sphenoid Sinusitis/epidemiology , Sphenoid Sinusitis/diagnostic imaging , Paranasal Sinus Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Facial Pain/etiology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Maxillary Sinusitis/surgery , Sphenoid Sinusitis/surgery , Chile/epidemiology , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Headache/etiology
8.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 78(2): 186-190, jun. 2018. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-961613

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La atelectasia maxilar crónica (AMC) es una condición adquirida y rara que consiste en la disminución persistente y progresiva del volumen del seno maxilar, con retracción centrípeta de sus paredes secundaria a la oclusión completa de tipo valvular del ostium natural. Esta condición genera presión negativa dentro del seno maxilar, conduciendo a atelectasia y colapso de la pared. La fisiopatología es compartida con síndrome de seno silente, por lo que se postula que se podrían englobar a ambas dentro de la misma enfermedad. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con diagnóstico de AMC bilateral por tomografía axial computarizada a la edad de 3 años, que se resolvió en forma espontánea en forma bilateral; el maxilar derecho a los 6 años y el izquierdo a los 10 años.


ABSTRACT Chronic maxillary atelectasis (CMA) is a rare and developed condition that consists in the progressive and persistent decrease volume of the maxillary sinus, with centripetal retraction of the walls secondary to the complete occlusion of the natural ostium. This condition generates negative pressure inside the maxillary sinus, heading to atelectasis and collapse of the walls. It is proposed that the disease includes the silent sinus syndrome, as the physiopathology is shared between them. We present the case of a 3 years old boy with bilateral chronic maxillary atelectasis observed in the CT scan, who evolved with spontaneous bilateral resolution. The right maxillary sinus CMA resolved at 6 years old, and the left at 10 years old.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child, Preschool , Paranasal Sinus Diseases/physiopathology , Paranasal Sinus Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Maxillary Sinus/physiopathology , Maxillary Sinus/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Chronic Disease
9.
Medwave ; 18(7)2018.
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-966461

ABSTRACT

Resumen INTRODUCCIÓN: La rinosinusitis crónica es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica de alta prevalencia que compromete la mucosa de la cavidad nasal y senos paranasales. La inmunoglobulina E es un mediador inflamatorio que juega un rol etiopatogénico en esta condición, por lo que se ha planteado que omalizumab, un anticuerpo monoclonal anti-inmunoglobulina E, podría constituir una alternativa de tratamiento. MÉTODOS: Realizamos una búsqueda en Epistemonikos, la mayor base de datos de revisiones sistemáticas en salud, la cual es mantenida mediante el cribado de múltiples fuentes de información, incluyendo MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, entre otras. Extrajimos los datos desde las revisiones identificadas, analizamos los datos de los estudios primarios, realizamos un metanálisis y preparamos una tabla de resumen de los resultados utilizando el método GRADE. RESULTADOS Y CONCLUSIONES: Identificamos cinco revisiones sistemáticas que en conjunto incluyeron cinco estudios primarios, de los cuales dos corresponden a ensayos controlados aleatorizados. Concluimos que en pacientes con rinosinusitis crónica, no está claro si omalizumab lleva a una mejoría en la escala de pólipos nasales, la calidad de vida, el bienestar general o los síntomas nasales porque la certeza de la evidencia es muy baja. Por otra parte, el uso de omalizumab probablemente se asocia a efectos adversos frecuentes.


Abstract INTRODUCTION: Chronic rhinosinusitis is a high prevalence chronic inflammatory disease that involves nasal mucosa and paranasal sinuses. Immunoglobulin E is an inflammatory mediator that plays an etiopathogenic role in this condition, so omalizumab, an anti-immunoglobulin E monoclonal antibody, might be a therapeutic alternative. METHODS: We searched in Epistemonikos, the largest database of systematic reviews in health, which is maintained by screening multiple information sources, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, among others. We extracted data from the systematic reviews, reanalyzed data of primary studies, conducted a meta-analysis and generated a summary of findings table using the GRADE approach. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: We identified five systematic reviews that included five primary studies overall, of which two correspond to randomized trials. We concluded it is not clear whether omalizumab leads to an improvement in the nasal polyps scale, quality of life, general well-being or nasal symptoms in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, because the certainty of the evidence is very low. On the other hand, omalizumab is probably associated with frequent adverse effects.


Subject(s)
Humans , Sinusitis/drug therapy , Rhinitis/drug therapy , Omalizumab/therapeutic use , Quality of Life , Sinusitis/immunology , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Rhinitis/immunology , Nasal Polyps/immunology , Nasal Polyps/drug therapy , Chronic Disease , Databases, Factual , Anti-Allergic Agents/adverse effects , Anti-Allergic Agents/therapeutic use , Anti-Allergic Agents/pharmacology , Omalizumab/adverse effects , Omalizumab/immunology
10.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 77(2): 169-174, jun. 2017. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-902758

ABSTRACT

Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 13 años con un gran tumor de características óseas en la fosa infratemporal derecha, el cual fue biopsiado mediante un abordaje endoscópico transeptal transpterigoídeo. La biospia mostró un osteocondroma. Describimos el caso y discutimos sus aspectos relevantes.


We report the case of a 13-year-old woman with a large tumor with osseous appearance in her right infratemporal fossa, which was biopsied through an endoscopic transpterygoid approach. The biopsy showed an osteocondroma. We described the case and discuss its relevant aspects.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Biopsy/methods , Osteochondroma/pathology , Skull Base Neoplasms/pathology , Endoscopy/methods , Osteochondroma/surgery , Osteochondroma/diagnostic imaging , Skull Base Neoplasms/surgery , Skull Base Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Neuronavigation , Nasal Cavity/surgery
11.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 77(1): 57-62, mar. 2017. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-845647

ABSTRACT

Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 56 años con diagnóstico de estesioneuroblastoma Kadish C/Hyams II tratado con resección quirúrgica mediante un abordaje endoscópico endonasal puro y radioterapia adyuvante. Describimos el caso y discutimos sus aspectos relevantes.


We report the case of a 56-year-old woman with diagnosis of esthesioneuroblastoma Kadish C/Hyams II treated with a purely endonasal endoscopic resection and adjuvant radiotherapy. We described the case and discuss its relevant aspects.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Endoscopy/methods , Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory/surgery , Nose Neoplasms/surgery , Treatment Outcome
12.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 75(3): 245-250, dic. 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-771696

ABSTRACT

Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 57 años, que consulta tras notar un aumento de volumen pétreo y de lento crecimiento en el reborde orbitario medial derecho, asociado a obstrucción nasal, anosmia y descarga posterior. La evaluación clínico radiológica evidenció un gran osteoma frontoetmoidal derecho con compromiso orbitario y de la lamela lateral de la lámina cribosa, y además, una rinosinusitis crónica con pólipos. Se realizó una resección endoscópica del tumor por medio de un Draf III y una cirugía endoscópica funcional del resto de las cavidades perinasales para el tratamiento de la rinosinusitis crónica. Describimos el caso y discutimos sus aspectos relevantes.


We report the case of a 57 year-old woman consulting because of a slow growing solid tumor in the right medial orbital rim associated with nasal obstruction, anosmia and posterior nasal drip. Clinical and radiological evaluation evidenced a large right frontoethmoidal osteoma involving the orbit and thelateral lamella of the cribriform plate, and chronic rhinosinusitis with polyps. A Draf III was performed to remove the osteoma and a bilateral functional endoscopic sinus surgery of the remaining sinuses was performed to treat thechronic rhinosinusitis. We described the case and discuss its relevant aspects.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Osteoma/surgery , Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures , Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms/surgery , Endoscopy/methods , Treatment Outcome , Ethmoid Sinus/surgery , Ethmoid Sinus/pathology , Frontal Sinus/surgery , Frontal Sinus/pathology
13.
Clin Exp Allergy ; 43(8): 835-49, 2013 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23889239

ABSTRACT

The interaction between fungi and the sinonasal tract results in a diverse range of diseases with an equally broad spectrum of clinical severity. The classification of these interactions has become complex, and this review seeks to rationalize and simplify the approach to fungal diseases of the nose and paranasal sinuses. These conditions may be discussed under two major headings: non-invasive disease (localized fungal colonization, fungal ball and allergic fungal rhinosinusitis) and invasive disease (acute invasive rhinosinusitis, chronic invasive rhinosinusitis and granulomatous invasive rhinosinusitis). A diagnosis of fungal rhinosinusitis is established by combining findings on history, clinical examination, laboratory testing, imaging and histopathology. The immunocompetence of the patient is of great importance, as invasive fungal rhinosinusitis is uncommon in immunocompetent patients. With the exception of localized fungal colonization, treatment of all forms of fungal rhinosinusitis relies heavily on surgery. Systemic antifungal agents are a fundamental component in the treatment of invasive forms, but are not indicated for the treatment of the non-invasive forms. Antifungal drugs may have a role as adjuvant therapy in allergic fungal rhinosinusitis, but evidence is poor to support recommendations. Randomized controlled trials need to be performed to confirm the benefit of immunotherapy in the treatment of allergic fungal rhinosinusitis. In this article, we will summarize the current literature, addressing the controversies regarding the diagnosis and management of fungal rhinosinusitis, and focussing on those aspects which are important for clinical immunologists and allergists.


Subject(s)
Mycoses/microbiology , Rhinitis/microbiology , Sinusitis/microbiology , Fungi/physiology , Humans , Mycoses/diagnosis , Mycoses/therapy , Rhinitis/diagnosis , Rhinitis/therapy , Sinusitis/diagnosis , Sinusitis/therapy
14.
Mol Biol Rep ; 40(9): 5327-38, 2013 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23666106

ABSTRACT

The white-clawed crayfish (Austropotamobius italicus), a cornerstone of Spain's aquatic ecosystems, was once widely distributed throughout much of the country. Unfortunately, its populations have suffered very strong declines over the last 40 years due to the spread of introduced species (red swamp and signal crayfishes), diseases, habitat loss and other anthropogenic impacts. The present work examines the genetic variation in 23 Spanish and four Italian populations of white-clawed crayfish via the analysis of microsatellite loci. The data show genetic variation in the Spanish populations to be affected by drastic and successive bottlenecks. Notwithstanding, the diversity of these Spanish populations in terms of observed heterozygosity is similar to or even higher than that recorded for other European populations studied using these same markers. North-central Spanish populations are clearly differentiated from the country's remaining populations; they should be considered distinct management units. Processes occurred in historical and recent times, such as genetic drift and translocations, contribute greatly to this genetic structure. These data provide useful information for conservation of this species, since the preservation of its population structure and genetic variability should be goals for management decisions.


Subject(s)
Astacoidea/genetics , Endangered Species , Genetic Variation , Phylogeny , Animals , Conservation of Natural Resources/methods , Genetics, Population , Italy , Microsatellite Repeats/genetics , Phylogeography , Population Dynamics , Spain
17.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 69(2): 125-130, ago. 2009. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-554736

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Los tests de Rinne y Weber son considerados una herramienta diagnóstica importante. Frente a esto nos preguntamos ¿cuál es la sensibilidad, especificidad y utilidad de los tests de Rinne y Weber? Objetivos: 1. Estudiar la sensibilidad y especificidad de los test de Rinne y Weber en el diagnóstico de hipoacusia. 2. Compararla sensibilidad y especificidad de dichos tests realizados por un operador habitual y un operador ocasional. Material y método: Estudio transversal y ciego. Se incluyeron pacientes mayores de 4 años de edad con indicación de audiometría por sospecha de hipoacusia. Todos los pacientes se estudiaron con tests de Rinne y Weber y se compararon con audiometría de tonos puros. Resultados: Se estudiaron 85 pacientes. La sensibilidad del uso combinado de los tests de Rinne y Weber, por operador ocasional, fue 76,32 por ciento y la especificidad 88,37 por ciento. La sensibilidad del uso combinado de los tests de Rinne y Weber por operador habitual fue 75,76 por ciento> y la especificidad 79,31 por ciento. En comparación al operador habitual no se observó diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Conclusión: Los tests de Rinne y Weber representan una herramienta útil en el diagnóstico de hipoacusia.


Introduction: Rinne and Weber tests are considered an important diagnosis tool. The question arises as to what are the tests sensitivity, specificity and usefulness. Aim: 1. To study the sensitivity and specificity of Rinne and Weber tests in diagnosing hearing loss. 2. To compare the sensitivity and specificity of the above mentioned tests when performed by an experienced vs an occasional practitioner. Material and method: 85 patients were studied. Rinne and Weber test combined sensibility, performed by an occasional practitioner, was 76,32 percent>, and the specificity was 79,31 percent. There were no statistically significant differences between experienced and occasional practitioners. Conclusion: Rinne and Weber test represent useful tools for hearing loss diagnosis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Child , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Hearing Tests/methods , Hearing Loss/diagnosis , Audiometry/methods , Cross-Sectional Studies , Single-Blind Method , Hearing Loss, Conductive/diagnosis , Sensitivity and Specificity , Observer Variation
18.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; 24(1): 20-26, mar. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-491772

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients develop a progressive impairment of pulmonary function tests (PFT) by recurrent infection. Objective: To evaluate PFT in CF patients using spirometry, oxygen saturometry (Sa0(2)) and whole plethysmography (WP) for determining possible mathematical relationships. Methods: FVC, FRC, RV, TLC, FEV1, FEF25.75, obtained in 10 CF patients were compared with Zapletal's reference values and with the values obtained in 33 healthy-school children. Results: Mean age 13.6 years-old (range: 9-20). All CF patients had normal Sa0(2), FEV1 was normal in five (four had FEV1 between 65-80 percent), 4 had RV/TLC > 30 percent, 3 had increased FRC and RV/TLC, only one CF patient had WP normal. The average of TLC and RV were higher than reference values and control group (p < 0.05). We found an inverse relationship between FEV1, FEF25-75 and RV/TLC [r = -0.642 (p < 0.05) and r = -0.803 (p < 0.01); respectively]. Conclusion: This study suggests an increase of pulmonary volume in CF patients with not necessarily abnormal spirometry and an inverse mathematical relationship between FEV1, FEF25-75 and RV/TLC.


Introducción: La fibrosis quística (FQ) exhibe un deterioro progresivo de la función pulmonar (FP) asociada a infecciones recurrentes. Objetivo: Evaluar la FP en sujetos con FQ mediante espirometría, saturometría y pletismografía (PG) determinando alguna relación matemática. Pacientes y Métodos: Se identificaron 10 pacientes capaces de realizar CVF, CRF, VR, CPT, VEF1, y FEF25-75 por ciento; comparándose con los valores de Zapletal y de 33 controles sanos. Resultados: Edad promedio 13,6 a±os (rango: 9-20). Sa0(2)y VEF1fueron normales en 10 y 5 sujetos, respectivamente (4 tenían VEF1entre 65-80 por ciento). La PG mostró 4 pacientes con VR/CPT > 30 por ciento, 3 con aumento de CRF y VR/CPT, sólo uno tuvo PG normal. Los promedios de CPT y VR fueron superiores a valores de referencia y controles (p < 0,05). Se encontró una relación inversa entre VEF1y VR/CPT (r = -0,642, p < 0,05) y entre FEF25-75 y VR/CPT (r = -0,803, p < 0,01). Conclusiones: Este estudio sugiere un incremento significativo de los volúmenes pulmonares en pacientes con FQ aún teniendo espirometría normal; así como una relación matemática inversa entre VEF1, FEF25-75 y VR/CPT.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Cystic Fibrosis/physiopathology , Lung Volume Measurements/methods , Plethysmography, Whole Body , Body Mass Index , Control Groups , Oxygen Consumption/physiology , Forced Expiratory Flow Rates , Forced Expiratory Volume , Nutritional Status , Lung/physiopathology , Reference Values , Retrospective Studies , Spirometry , Vital Capacity
19.
Rev. otorrinolaringol. cir. cabeza cuello ; 67(3): 217-221, dic. 2007. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-480510

ABSTRACT

Introducción: En la evaluación de la patología vestibular habitualmente se utiliza la prueba calórica clásica de Fitzgerald y Hallpike (PCC). Sin embargo, esta sólo evalúa la función del nervio vestibular superior a través de la estimulación del canal semicircular lateral. La prueba calórica mínima (PCM) permite evaluar tanto la función del nervio vestibular superior como del nervio vestibular inferior a través de la estimulación del canal semicircular lateral y posterior respectivamente. Se desconoce el real impacto de la PCM en la evaluación clínica de pacientes con sintomatología vestibular. Objetivo: Cuantificar la utilidad diagnóstica de la PCM en pacientes con sintomatología vestibular. Material y método: Estudio diagnóstico transversal. Se obtuvo la sensibilidad y especificidad de la PCM al comparar la respuesta del canal semicircular lateral en la PCM con la prueba calórica convencional. Se evaluó en cuántos casos la información sobre la función del nervio vestibular inferior aportada por la PCM fue relevante en el diagnóstico vestibular. Resultados: Se estudió a 44 pacientes. Tanto la sensibilidad como la especificidad de la PCM para detectar patología al estimular el canal semicircular lateral fue de 93 por ciento (IC95 por ciento: 84 por ciento-100 por ciento y 80 por ciento-100 por ciento respectivamente). En 16 por ciento (N =7) de los casos la PCM detectó patología del nervio vestibular inferior con PCC normal. Conclusiones: La PCM es un examen complementario útil en la evaluación de pacientes con sintomatología vestibular, puesto que tiene una alta sensibilidad y especificidad para detectar patología del nervio vestibular superior a través de la estimulación del canal semicircular lateral y además, aporta información sobre el estado del nervio vestibular inferior a través de la estimulación del canal semicircular posterior, que no aporta la PCC.


Introduction: The classic Fitzgerald-Hallpike caloric test (CCT) is usually utilized for evaluation of vestibular pathology. With this test, however, superior vestibular nerve function is assessed through stimulation of the lateral semicircular canal only. The minimal caloric test (MCT) allows for evaluation of both superior and inferior vestibular nerve function, through horizontal and posterior semicircular canals stimulation, respectively. The actual impact of MCT on the clinical evaluation of patients presenting with vestibular symptoms is unknown. Purpose: To quantify the diagnostic usefulness of MCT in patients with vestibular symptoms. Material and Method: Transversal diagnostic study. Sensitivity and specificity of MCT were obtained by comparing the lateral semicircular canal response in both MCT and the conventional caloric test. We assessed the number of cases in which the vestibular nerve function information obtained with MCT was relevant for vestibular diagnostic. Results: 44 patients were studied. The sensitivity and specificity of MCT to detect pathologic conditions via lateral semicircular canal stimulation were 93 percent (Cl 95 percent: 84 percent-100 percent and 80 percent-100 percent, respectively). In 16 percent (n =7) of the cases, MCT detected inferior vestibular nerve involvement with normal CCT Conclusions: MCT is a complementary test, which can be useful for evaluation of patients with vestibular symptoms, given its high sensitivity and specificity to detect superior vestibular nerve pathology through lateral semicircular canal stimulation. In addition, it provides information on the inferior vestibular nerve status, through posterior semicircular canal stimulation. The latter is not provided by conventional CCT.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Vestibular Diseases/diagnosis , Vestibular Diseases/physiopathology , Caloric Tests/methods , Vestibular Function Tests/methods , Semicircular Canals/physiology , Sex Distribution , Prospective Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Vestibular Nerve/physiology , Sensitivity and Specificity , Vertigo/diagnosis , Vertigo/physiopathology
20.
Bull Entomol Res ; 96(3): 279-88, 2006 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16768816

ABSTRACT

Fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) are a species-rich and economically important group. The phylogenetic relationships among the many taxa are still to be fully resolved and the monophyly of several groups is still to be confirmed. This paper reports a study of the phylogenetic relationships among 23 economically important tephritid species (representing several major lineages of the family) which examines the sequence of a region of mitochondrial DNA encompassing the cytb, tRNA(Ser) and ND1 genes. Substitutions characteristic of particular taxa were found that could help classify members of the family at any developmental stage. The trees obtained by the maximum parsimony, neighbour joining and maximum likelihood methods were generally compatible with present morphological classification patterns. However, the data reveal some characteristics of the phylogenetic relationships of this family that do not agree with present classifications. The results support the probable non-monophyletic nature of the subfamily Trypetinae and suggest that Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillet) is more closely related to the genus Dacus than to other species of Bactrocera.


Subject(s)
DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics , Phylogeny , Tephritidae/classification , Tephritidae/genetics , Animals , Cytochromes b/genetics , DNA Primers/chemistry , Female , Male , Molecular Sequence Data , NADH Dehydrogenase/genetics , RNA, Transfer/genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNA/veterinary , Sequence Analysis, Protein/veterinary
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