Effect of denture liners surface modification with Equisetum giganteum and Punica granatum on Candida albicans biofilm inhibition.

Aim: This study investigated the effect of denture liners surface modification with Equisetum giganteum (EG) and Punica granatum (PG) on Candida albicans biofilm inhibition supposing its usage as a sustained-release therapeutical delivery system for Candida-associated denture stomatitis. Materials & methods:C. albicans biofilm (SC5314 or ATCC 90028) was formed on soft liners superficially modified by a primer mixed to drugs at minimum inhibitory concentrations (0.100 g for EG and PG or 0.016 g for nystatin per ml of primer). After 24 h, 7 or 14 days, antibiofilm activity was evaluated by colony-forming unit counts. Results: Not all groups were equi-efficient to nystatin after 24 h and 7 days. After 14 days, EG and PG efficacies were not different from nystatin (almost 100% inhibition). Conclusion: The proposed protocol presents a promising option to allopathic drugs for Candida-associated denture stomatitis treatment.

Occlusal marking film for accurate interference assessments of removable partial denture frameworks: A dental technique.

A technique is described for detecting areas of interference for removable partial denture frameworks. An occlusal marking film is placed between the misfitted abutment teeth and framework region. Gentle pressure is applied to seat the framework, and the exact areas of interference are seen on removal. With this clean, rapid, cost-effective, and straightforward approach, areas of interference can be precisely adjusted for complete seating of the removable partial denture framework.

Losartan and isoproterenol promote alterations in the local renin-angiotensin system of rat salivary glands.

Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) systemically or locally collaborates with tissue homeostasis, growth and development, which has been extensively studied for its pharmacological implications. This study was primarily aimed at finding and characterizing local RAS in rat parotid, sublingual and submandibular glands. It was also hypothesized that vasoactive drugs could affect the expression of RAS targets, as well as saliva flow and its composition. Therefore, another objective of this study was to compare the effects of losartan (angiotensin II receptor blocker) and isoproterenol (ß-adrenergic receptor agonist). Forty-one Wistar rats were divided into three groups and administered a daily intraperitoneal dose of saline, losartan or isoproterenol solutions for one week. The following RAS targets were studied using qPCR: renin (REN), angiotensinogen (AGT), angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), ACE-2, elastase-2 (ELA-2), AT1-a and MAS receptors, using RPL-13 as a reference gene. Morphology of glands was analyzed by immunohistochemistry using REN, ACE, ACE-2, AT1, AT2 and MAS antibodies. The volume and total protein content of saliva were measured. Our results revealed that ACE, ACE-2, AT1-a, AT2 and MAS receptors were expressed in all salivary gland samples, but REN and ELA-2 were absent. Losartan decreased mRNA expression of RAS targets in parotid (MAS) and submandibular glands (ACE and both AT receptors), without affecting morphological alterations, and significantly decreased saliva and total protein secretions. Isoproterenol treatment affected gene expression profiles in parotid (ACE, ACE-2, AT1-a, MAS, AGT), and submandibular (ACE, AT2, AGT) glands, thus promoting acinar hypertrophy in serous acini, without significant changes in salivary flow or total protein content. These drugs affected mainly acini, followed by duct systems and myoepithelial cells, whereas blood vessels were not affected. In conclusion, there is a local RAS in major rat salivary glands and losartan, an angiotensin II receptor blocker, affected not only the RAS-target gene expression but also decreased salivary flow and total protein content.

Sucesso de enxertos ósseos complementares em fissuras labiopalatinas e sobrevivência de implantes dentários / Success of compementary bone grafts in patients with cleft lip and palate and survival of dental implants

Este estudo teve por objetivo monitorar a eficácia de implantes dentais inseridos em áreas receptoras de re-enxerto autógeno (enxerto em bloco intraoral) e identificar os fatores de risco relevantes para o prognóstico em pacientes com fissuras labiopalatinas. Foi realizado um levantamento retrospectivo das informações clínicas registradas nos prontuários dos pacientes do Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais (USP), de 1999 até os casos finalizados em abril de 2009. Foram avaliados os prontuários de 161 pacientes, de ambos os sexos, submetidos à cirurgia de enxerto ósseo em bloco para complementação óssea em volume e/ou altura para posterior instalação de implante, na região da fissura ou fora dela. Os enxertos foram obtidos de ramo mandibular ou mento. Em 161 pacientes foram realizados 211 enxertos ósseos intraorais autógenos, sendo 2% destes realizados com finalidade de auxiliar a movimentação ortodôntica. Foram instalados 160 implantes nessas áreas, em 76% dos blocos, visto que 22% dos enxertos ósseos autógenos falharam antes mesmo da instalação de implantes. Considerando a sobrevivência dos implantes instalados nas áreas enxertadas, 15% dos implantes foram removidos por falta de osteointegração, resultando em uma taxa de sobrevivência equivalente a 85% nos blocos bem-sucedidos. Embora a sobrevivência dos implantes em áreas de re-enxerto seja compatível com outros relatos na literatura, tais implantes apresentaram maiores falhas do que implantes instalados em áreas de fissura que receberam apenas enxerto ósseo alveolar secundário (AU).

This study aimed to monitor dental implants efficacy inserted in regrafted areas with autogenous bone (intra-oral block grafts) and to identify relevant risk factors for cleft lip and palate patients prognosis. A retrospective research collected clinical information registered in the medical records of Craniofacial Anomalies Rehabilitation Hospital - São Paulo University (HRAC-USP) from 1999 up to the April 2009. A hundred and sixty-one patient's records were evaluated, of both sexes, submitted to block bone graft surgery for bone complementation in volume and/or height for further implant installation, in the cleft region or out of it. Grafts were taken either from mandibular branch or chin. Two hundred and eleven intraoral autogenous block bone grafts were done in a hundred and sixty-one patients, 2% of these with the aim of orthodontic movement support. A hundred and sixty implants were installed in these areas, in 76% of the blocks as 22% of the autogenous bone grafts failed before implant installation. Considering implant survival rates in grafted areas, 15% of the implants were removed due to lack of osseointegration, resulting in a successful survival rate of 85% for successful bone blocks. Although implant survival rates in regrafted areas are compatible with other literature records, these implants had greater failure rates if compared to those of cleft areas that received only secondary alveolar bone grafting (AU).

Taxa de sobrevivência de implantes instalados em área de levantamento de seio maxilar em pacientes com fissura labiopalatinas / Survival rate of implants installed at maxillary sinus lifting areas in cleft lip and palate patients

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a taxa de sobrevivência de implantes instalados em áreas previamente submetidas à cirurgia de levantamento de seio maxilar (LSM) em pacientes com fissura labiopalatina do Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais da Universidade de São Paulo (HRAC-USP). Uma busca eletrônica retrospectiva foi realizada em 60.000 prontuários de pacientes do HRAC de 1998 a 2007. Essa busca resultou em 58 pacientes (15 masculinos e 43 femininos, média de idade de 36 anos) que foram submetidos a procedimentos cirúrgicos de enxerto ósseo no seio maxilar e tiveram implantes osseointegráveis instalados nesta área, compreendendo 83 procedimentos de LSM e 161 implantes instalados (38 do sexo masculino e 123 do feminino). As informações clínicas destes pacientes foram registradas em prontuários com exames radiográficos. Foi tomada análise descritiva e as porcentagens de sobrevivência e falha foram obtidas. Visava-se reduzir as falhas nas reabilitações de pacientes edêntulos totais ou parciais e ganhar experiência nesta área. Como resultados, foi constatado que técnicas de implantes imediatos mostraram taxa de sobrevivência de 94,94%, enquanto a técnica cirúrgica de implantes em segunda instância apresentou taxa de sobrevivência de 93,9%. Baseados nos resultados obtidos e considerando os limites da metodologia deste estudo, concluiu-se que o LSM é uma opção de tratamento excelente, desde que sua indicação seja corretamente seguida (AU).

The aim of this study was to evaluate the survival rate of implants installed in areas where maxillary sinus lifting surgeries had been previously performed in clef lip and palate patients of Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies - São Paulo University (HRAC-USP). A retrospective electronic search was performed in 60,000 files of HRCA patients from 1998 to 2007. This search resulted in 58 patients (15 male and 43 female, mean age of 36 years old) who had been submitted to maxillary sinus bone grafting procedures and had osseointegrated implants installed in those areas, comprising 83 maxillary sinus lifting (MSL) procedures and 161 implants installed (38 male and 123 female). The clinical information concerning those patients was registered in dental records with radiographic examinations. A descriptive analysis was performed and the percentage of survival and failure rates were obtained. The main objective was to reduce the rehabilitation failures of completely or partially edentulous patients and to gain experience in this field. As results immediate implants technique showed a survival rate of 94.94%, while second stage implants surgery technique presented a survival rate of 93.9%. Therefore, based on the results obtained and considering the study methodology limitations, it can be concluded that maxillary sinus lifting (MSL) procedure is an excellent treatment option, as long as its indications are correctly followed (AU).