Rock pressure evaluation in coal face based on multi-factor decision-making theory.

The behavior of rock pressure is a natural and inevitable phenomenon during coal seam mining, resulting in numerous casualties and equipment damage annually. The ability to predict and assess the strength of rock pressure in the coal face beforehand has become crucial in preventing rock pressure accidents. This paper took the prediction of rock pressure strength in coal face as the research object, and based on the multi-factor decision-making theory, proposed a new method for the evaluation of rock pressure strength in coal face-"dual-dimension rock pressure strength evaluation method". Initially, the rock pressure strength index IA was obtained through the application of the law of sedimentary pressure control and microseismic monitoring data. The drilling data at the exploration scale served as references. Then, based on the rock pressure control mechanism, the rock pressure strength index IB was obtained by utilizing a type of Euclidean distance formula at the coal face scale. Finally, in order to mutually correct the two rock pressure strength indices, the rock pressure strength grade matrix was employed to acquire the rock pressure strength grade of the coal face. Applying this evaluation method to the coal face, the prediction outcomes aligned with the actual situation. Therefore, this method can provide a theoretical reference for the prediction of rock pressure strength and the prevention of rock pressure accidents in alternative areas.

Proteomic analysis of mitochondria associated membranes in renal ischemic reperfusion injury.

BACKGROUND: The mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) communicate via contact sites known as mitochondria associated membranes (MAMs). Many important cellular functions such as bioenergetics, mitophagy, apoptosis, and calcium signaling are regulated by MAMs, which are thought to be closely related to ischemic reperfusion injury (IRI). However, there exists a gap in systematic proteomic research addressing the relationship between these cellular processes. METHODS: A 4D label free mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis of mitochondria associated membranes (MAMs) from the human renal proximal tubular epithelial cell line (HK-2 cells) was conducted under both normal (N) and hypoxia/reperfusion (HR) conditions. Subsequent differential proteins analysis aimed to characterize disease-relevant signaling molecules. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis was applied to total proteins and differentially expressed proteins, encompassing Biological Process (BP), Cell Component (CC), Molecular Function (MF), and KEGG pathways. Further, Protein-Protein Interaction Network (PPI) exploration was carried out, leading to the identification of hub genes from differentially expressed proteins. Notably, Mitofusion 2 (MFN2) and BCL2/Adenovirus E1B 19-kDa interacting protein 3(BNIP3) were identified and subsequently validated both in vitro and in vivo. Finally, the impact of MFN2 on MAMs during hypoxia/reoxygenation was explored through regulation of gene expression. Subsequently, a comparative proteomics analysis was conducted between OE-MFN2 and normal HK-2 cells, providing further insights into the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS: A total of 4489 proteins were identified, with 3531 successfully quantified. GO/KEGG analysis revealed that MAM proteins were primarily associated with mitochondrial function and energy metabolism. Differential analysis between the two groups showed that 688 proteins in HR HK-2 cells exhibited significant changes in expression level with P-value < 0.05 and HR/N > 1.5 or HR/N < 0.66 set as the threshold criteria. Enrichment analysis of differentially expressed proteins unveiled biological processes such as mRNA splicing, apoptosis regulation, and cell division, while molecular functions were predominantly associated with energy metabolic activity. These proteins play key roles in the cellular responses during HR, offering insights into the IRI mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. The validation of hub genes MFN2 and BNIP3 both in vitro and vivo was consistent with the proteomic findings. MFN2 demonstrated a protective role in maintaining the integrity of mitochondria associated membranes (MAMs) and mitigating mitochondrial damage following hypoxia/reoxygenation injury, this protective effect may be associated with the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. CONCLUSIONS: The proteins located in mitochondria associated membranes (MAMs) are implicated in crucial roles during renal ischemic reperfusion injury (IRI), with MFN2 playing a pivotal regulatory role in this context.

Self-adhesive wearable poly (vinyl alcohol)-based hybrid biofuel cell powered by human bio-fluids.

Advancement of wearable microelectronics demands their power source with continuous energy supply, skin-integration and miniaturization. In light of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogel with nontoxicity, good biocompatibility and low cost, an advanced wearable PVA-based hybrid biofuel cells (HBFCs) with high self-adhesiveness was developed. Through the reaction between PVA molecules and succinic anhydride (SAA), the carboxylated PVA (PVA/SAA) was obtained, and by incorporation with PDA as crosslinker, the self-adhesive PVA/SAA-DA hydrogel electrolytes formed by dual covalent and hydrogen bonding. With increasing SAA and PDA content, the pore size decreased, and a uniform and dense network formed, endowing the hydrogel with a relatively high absorption capacity of PBS solution of lactate as cell fuel. Meanwhile the various functional groups of hydrogel, including catechol, quinone, amino and hydroxyl groups, contributed to impressive tissue adhesion strength against pigskin under dry and wet conditions. The PVA/SAA-DA hydrogel displayed high conductive property, and the integrated PVA-based HBFC generated open circuit voltage of 0.50 V and maximum power density of 128.76 µW/cm2 in 20 mM lactate solution, which was optimized to be 0.57 V/224.85 µW/cm2 when the pore size was enlarged. The power retention reached above 70% in one week, showing long-term stability of HBFC. The PVA-based HBFC was further adhered to human skin without extra adhesive tapes to scavenge human sweat as biofuel, and the maximum power density reached 85.34 µW/cm2, while by connected with a DC-DC converter, the HBFC could power watch, exhibiting promising application potentials as wearable electronic device to provide bioelectricity.

Identification of the role of MCM6 in bladder cancer prognosis, immunotherapy response, and in vitro experimental investigation using multi-omics analysis.

BACKGROUND: The tumor-promoting effects of MCM6 in numerous tumors have been widely revealed, yet its specific role in bladder cancer (BLCA) is still elusive. The objective of this research was to explore the underlying impact of MCM6 on BLCA. METHODS: Integrating transcriptomic and proteomic data, MCM6 was identified to be strongly correlated with BLCA through weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA) and venn analyses. Then, the clinical value of MCM6 was validated with public database data. The different molecular/immune characteristics and the benefit of immunotherapy were also found in MCM6-defined subgroups. Additionally, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data was choose for quantify MCM6 expression in the distinct BLCA cell types. The biological role of MCM6 were evaluated via in vitro functional experiments. RESULTS: It was testified that the MCM6 could distinguish patients outcome in TCGA and GEO cohorts. Moreover, compared with the MCM6 low-expression group, the MCM6 high-expression group was related to more tumor-promoting related pathways, aggressive phenotypes, and benefit from immunotherapy. Analysis of scRNA-seq data resulted in MCM6 was mainly expressed in BLCA epithelial cells and the proportion of MCM6-expressing tumor epithelial cells is higher than the normal epithelial cells. Moreover, vitro experiments demonstrated that MCM6 knockdown repressed proliferation, cell cycle, migration, and invasion of BLCA cells. CONCLUSION: This research indicated MCM6 is a promising marker for both prognosis and immunotherapy benefit and could promote the cells proliferation, invasion and migration in BLCA.

Exploring potential targets of HPV&BC based on network pharmacology and urine proteomics.

BACKGROUND: Bladder cancer (BC) caused by Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection remains a complex public health problem in developing countries. Although the HPV vaccine effectively prevents HPV infection, it does not benefit patients with BC who already have HPV. METHODS: Firstly, the differential genes of HPV-related BC patients were screened by transcriptomics, and then the prognostic and clinical characteristics of the differential genes were analyzed to screen out the valuable protein signatures. Furthermore, the compound components and targets of Astragali Radix (AR) were analyzed by network pharmacology, and the intersection targets of drug components and HPV_BC were screened out for pathway analysis. In addition, the binding ability of the compound to the Astragali-HPV_BC target was verified by molecular docking and virtual simulation. Finally, to identify potential targets in BC patients through urine proteomics and in vitro experiments. RESULTS: Eleven HPV_BC-related protein signatures were screened out, among which high expression of EGFR, CTNNB1, MYC, GSTM1, MMP9, CXCR4, NOTCH1, JUN, CXCL12, and KRT14 had a poor prognosis, while low expression of CASP3 had a poor prognosis. In the analysis of clinical characteristics, it was found that high-risk scores, EGFR, MMP9, CXCR4, JUN, and CXCL12 tended to have higher T stage, pathological stage, and grade. Pharmacological and molecular docking analysis identified a natural component of AR (Quercetin) and it corresponding core targets (EGFR). The OB of the natural component was 46.43, and the DL was 0.28, respectively. In addition, EGFR-Quercetin has high affinity. Urine proteomics and RT-PCR showed that EGFR was expressed explicitly in BC patients. Mechanism analysis revealed that AR component targets might affect HPV_BC patients through Proteoglycans in the cancer pathway. CONCLUSION: AR can target EGFR through its active component (Quercetin), and has a therapeutic effect on HPV_BC patients.

Rethinking neutrophil extracellular traps.

Neutrophils are a major subset of leukocytes in human circulating blood. In some circumstances, neutrophils release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). lnitially, NETs were considered to have a strong antibacterial capacity. However, currently, NETs have been shown to have a pivotal impact on various diseases. Different stimulators induce the production of different types of NETs, and their biological functions and modes of clearance do not appear to be the same. In this review, we will discuss several important issues related to NETs in order to better understand the relationship between NETs and diseases, as well as how to utilize the characteristics of NETs for disease treatment.

Pheochromocytoma presenting with upper abdominal pain and hypertensive crisis: A case report.

Pheochromocytoma (PHEO) is a rare and complex molecularly driven endocrine disease that can present with a variety of clinical manifestations, including paroxysmal hypertension, episodic anxiety, tremors, devastating acute heart failure and acute pulmonary edema. The variety of PHEO-related symptoms increase the difficulty of identifying and diagnosing PHEO. We reported a case of a 27-year-old Chinese male was diagnosed PHEO by CT scan because of upper abdominal pain. The patient complicated with hypertensive crisis and headache following his admission, and he was underwent adrenal tumor surgical resection by carrying out appropriate clinical, laboratory and radiological imaging. Thus, the patient's PHEO-related symptoms were relieved and the blood pressure returned to normal, and discharged from the hospital with a follow-up plan. Although the PEHO-related symptoms are varied and difficult to diagnose, CT examination can be used for the preliminary detection and diagnosis. This case report emphasizes the importance of considering PHEO by CT scan and atypical symptoms, which help others better understand PHEO for early detection and timely surgical treatment to reduce catecholamine-related complications.

ANXA6: a key molecular player in cancer progression and drug resistance.

Annexin-A6 (ANXA6), a Ca2+-dependent membrane binding protein, is the largest of all conserved annexin families and highly expressed in the plasma membrane and endosomal compartments. As a multifunctional scaffold protein, ANXA6 can interact with phospholipid membranes and various signaling proteins. These properties enable ANXA6 to participate in signal transduction, cholesterol homeostasis, intracellular/extracellular membrane transport, and repair of membrane domains, etc. Many studies have demonstrated that the expression of ANXA6 is consistently altered during tumor formation and progression. ANXA6 is currently known to mediate different patterns of tumor progression in different cancer types through multiple cancer-type specific mechanisms. ANXA6 is a potentially valuable marker in the diagnosis, progression, and treatment strategy of various cancers. This review mainly summarizes recent findings on the mechanism of tumor formation, development, and drug resistance of ANXA6. The contents reviewed herein may expand researchers' understanding of ANXA6 and contribute to developing ANXA6-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

BIN1 in cancer: biomarker and therapeutic target.

BACKGROUND: The bridging integrator 1 (BIN1) protein was originally identified as a pro-apoptotic tumor suppressor that binds to and inhibits oncogenic MYC transcription factors. BIN1 has complex physiological functions participating in endocytosis, membrane cycling, cytoskeletal regulation, DNA repair deficiency, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis. The expression of BIN1 is closely related to the development of various diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer's disease, myopathy, heart failure, and inflammation. PURPOSE: Because BIN1 is commonly expressed in terminally differentiated normal tissues and is usually undetectable in refractory or metastatic cancer tissues, this differential expression has led us to focus on human cancers associated with BIN1. In this review, we discuss the potential pathological mechanisms of BIN1 during cancer development and its feasibility as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target for related diseases based on recent findings on its molecular, cellular, and physiological roles. CONCLUSION: BIN1 is a tumor suppressor that regulates cancer development through a series of signals in tumor progression and microenvironment. It also makes BIN1 a feasible early diagnostic or prognostic marker for cancer.

Construction of noninvasive prognostic model of bladder cancer patients based on urine proteomics and screening of natural compounds.

BACKGROUND: Bladder cancer (BCa) has a high incidence and recurrence rate worldwide. So far, there is no noninvasive detection of BCa therapy and prognosis based on urine multi-omics. Therefore, it is necessary to explore noninvasive predictive models and novel treatment modalities for BCa. METHODS: First, we performed protein analysis of urine from five BCa patients and five healthy individuals using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Combining multi-omics data to mine particular and sensitive molecules to predict BCa prognosis. Second, urine proteomics data were combined with TCGA transcriptome data to select differential genes that were specifically highly expressed in urine and tissues. Further, the Lasso equation was used to screen specific molecules to construct a noninvasive prediction model of BCa. Finally, natural compounds of specific molecules were selected by combined network pharmacology and molecular docking to complete molecular structure docking. RESULTS: A noninvasive predictive model was constructed using PSMB5, P4HB, S100A16, GET3, CNP, TFRC, DCXR, and MPZL1, specific molecules screened by multi-omics, and clinical features, which had good predictive value at 1, 3, and 5 years of prediction. High expression of these target genes suggests a poor prognosis in patients with BCa, and they were mainly involved in cell adhesion molecules and the IGF pathway. In addition, the corresponding drugs and natural compounds were selected by network pharmacology, and the molecular structure 7NHT of PSMB5 was found to be well docked to Ellagic acid, a natural compound in Hetaoren that we found. The 3D structure 6I7S of P4HB was able to bind to Stigmasterol in Shanzha stably, and the structure 6WRV of TFRC as an iron transport carrier was also able to bind to Stigmasterol in Shanzha stably. The structures 1WOJ, 3D3W, and 6IGW of CNP, DCXR, and MPZL1 can also play an important role in combination with the natural compounds (S)-Stylopine, Kryptoxanthin, and Sitosterol in Maqianzi, Yumixu, and Laoguancao. CONCLUSION: The noninvasive prediction model based on urinomics had excellent potential in predicting the prognosis of patients with BCa. The multi-omics screening of specific molecules combined with pharmacology and compound molecular docking can promote the research and development of novel drugs.

Integrated molecular analyses of an interferon-γ based subtype with regard to outcome, immune characteristics, and immunotherapy in bladder cancer and experimental verification.

This study attempted to explore the role of interferon-γ related genes (IRGs) in the prognosis and immunotherapy of bladder cancer (BC). Based on data downloaded from public databases, molecular subtypes with different IRG expression patterns were determined via nonnegative matrix factorization clustering. On the basis of IRGs, interferon-γ related gene signature (IRGS) was developed through Cox regression analyses. We identified that two molecular subgroups with different outcome and immune profiles. It was proved that IRGS possessed prediction efficiency for BC prognosis. Compared with low IRGS group, high IRGS group was related to less anti-cancer immune cells infiltration, less tumor mutation burden score, more cancer stem cell index, and less benefit from immunotherapy. Differential expression of six model genes (IRF5, LATS2, MTHFD2, VAMP8, HLA-G and PTPN6) was validated between paired tissues by RT-qPCR. This study presents a prognostic model, which could serve as an indicator for the benefit of BC immunotherapy.

A Biocompatible Self-Powered Piezoelectric Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Based Hydrogel for Diabetic Wound Repair.

Acute and chronic wounds, caused by trauma, tumors, diabetic foot ulcers, etc., are usually difficult to heal, while applying exogenous electrical stimulation to enhance the endogenous electric field in the wound has been proven to significantly accelerate wound healing. However, traditional electrical stimulation devices require an additional external power supply, making them poor in portability and comfort. In this work, a self-powered piezoelectric poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composite hydrogel is constructed by establishing a distinctive preparation process of freezing/thawing-solvent replacement-annealing-swelling. The hydrogen bonding in the hydrogel is remarkably enhanced by the annealing-swelling process, which is stronger between PVA/PVDF molecules than that between PVA molecules, promoting transformation of the α-phase into the electroactive ß-phase PVDF and facilitating formation of a much more crystalline structure with high cross-linking density. Hence, an obvious piezoelectric response with high piezoelectric coefficient and electrical signal output with superior stability and sensitivity and excellent mechanical strength and stretchability was achieved for hydrogels. PVA/PVDF composite hydrogels with good cytocompatibility significantly promote proliferation, migration, and secretion of extracellular matrix proteins and growth factors of fibroblasts, possibly through activating the AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. In a wound model of diabetic rats, piezoelectric hydrogels could not only rapidly attract wound exudate and maintain the wet environment of the wound bed but also convert the mechanical energy generated by rats' physical activities into electrical energy, so as to provide local piezoelectric stimulation to the wound bed evenly and symmetrically in real time. Such an effect significantly promotes re-epithelialization and collagen deposition and increases angiogenesis and secretion of growth factors in wound tissue. Besides, it regulates the macrophage phenotype from the M1 subtype (pro-inflammatory subtype) to the M2 subtype (anti-inflammatory subtype) and reduces the expression levels of inflammatory factors, thus accelerating wound healing. The development of such a novel piezoelectric hydrogel provides new therapeutic strategies for chronic wound healing.

LncRNA KCNQ1OT1 contributes to hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress of cardiomyocytes via miR-130a-3p/ZNF791 axis.

It has been reported that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) KCNQ1 opposite strand/antisense transcript 1 (KCNQ1OT1) played an important role in myocardial infarction (MI). However, the regulatory network behind KCNQ1OT1 in MI is largely unknown. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was applied to detect the enrichment of KCNQ1OT1, microRNA-130a-3p (miR-130a-3p) and zinc finger 791 (ZNF791). The viability and apoptosis of AC16 cells were measured by (4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and flow cytometry. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was conducted to assess the inflammation and oxidative stress status of AC16 cells. The targeted relationship between miR-130a-3p and KCNQ1OT1 or ZNF791 was predicted by StarBase bioinformatic database, and dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay were carried out to verify these predictions. Hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) stimulation caused a significant upregulation in the expression of KCNQ1OT1, while the level of miR-130a-3p showed an opposite phenomenon. KCNQ1OT1 was a crucial downstream component in H2 O2 -mediated toxic effects, and KCNQ1OT1 accelerated H2 O2 -induced toxic effects in AC16 cells. KCNQ1OT1 could sponge miR-130a-3p and down-regulate its expression. MiR-130a-3p exerted opposite effects to KCNQ1OT1, and the depletion of miR-130a-3p attenuated the protective effects of KCNQ1OT1 intervention on AC16 cells exposed to H2 O2 . MiR-130a-3p could bind to ZNF791, and ZNF791 served as the target of miR-130a-3p to promote H2 O2 -induced injury of AC16 cells. ZNF791 was modulated by KCNQ1OT1/miR-130a-3p signaling in H2 O2 -treated AC16 cells. In all, lncRNA KCNQ1OT1 deteriorated H2 O2 -mediated injury in cardiomyocytes through upregulating ZNF791 via serving as a molecular sponge for miR-130a-3p.

A facile strategy to construct biocompatible poly(vinyl alcohol)-based self-healing hydrogels.

Endowing polymer hydrogels with good self-healing ability can autonomously repair damage with improved reliability. In this work, the benzaldehyde group was first grafted onto a biocompatible poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) molecular chain by esterification to obtain aldehyde-functionalized PVA (APVA), and the reversible imine bonds were further formed by reacting with amine groups on a quaternized chitosan (HTCC) chain. And thus, the self-healing APVA/HTCC hydrogel was fabricated with such imine bonds as crosslinking points together with hydrogen bonds. Many more imine bonds of hydrogels formed with increasing aldehyde content, resulting in increasing crosslinking density, decreasing average pore diameter and formation of a compact dynamic network, imparting certain mechanical strength and toughness with hydrogels. Furthermore, the healing efficiency of the hydrogel reached as high as 91.7% by self-healing without any external stimulus and its microstructure could be reconstructed after damage, exhibiting rapid recovery and dynamic features. Biocompatible self-healing PVA-based hydrogels exhibited great potential application in biomedical fields, like smart infill biomaterials, tissue engineering scaffolds, etc.

The predictive efficacy of tumor mutation burden in immunotherapy across multiple cancer types: A meta-analysis and bioinformatics analysis.

PURPOSE: To explore the predictive efficacy of tumor mutation burden (TMB) as a potential biomarker for cancer patients treated with Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase and Web of Science for clinical studies (published between Jan 1, 2014 and Aug 30, 2021) comparing immunotherapy patients with high TMB to patients with low TMB. Our main endpoints were objective response rate (ORR), durable clinical benefit (DCB), overall survival (OS) and progress-free Survival (PFS). Moreover, we downloaded simple nucleotide variation (SNV) data of 33 major cancer types from the TCGA database as non-ICIs group, and compared the high TMB patients' OS between the non-ICIs group and meta-analysis results. RESULTS: Of 10,450 identified studies, 41 were eligible and were included in our analysis (7713 participants). Compared with low TMB patients receiving ICIs, high TMB yielded a better ORR (RR = 2.73; 95% CI: 2.31-3.22; P = 0.043) and DCB (RR = 1.93; 95% CI: 1.64-2.28; P = 0.356), and a significantly increased OS (HR =0.24; 95% CI: 0.21-0.28; P < 0.001) and PFS (HR = 0.38; 95% CI: 0.34-0.42; P < 0.001). Furthermore, compared with non-ICIs group from the TCGA database, immunotherapy can improve OS in some cancer types with high TMB and better prognosis, including colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, melanoma and pan-cancer. CONCLUSION: TMB is a promising therapeutic and prognostic biomarker for immunotherapy, which indicates a better ORR, DCB, OS and PFS. If there is a standard for TMB assessment and cut-off, it could improve the management of different cancers.

A single-center experience of parathyroidectomy in 1500 cases for secondary hyperparathyroidism: a retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health problem. With the deterioration of renal function, a certain proportion of CKD patients enter the uremic stage, and secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) becomes a challenge. For refractory hyperparathyroidism, parathyroidectomy (PTX) plays a key role in reducing mortality and improving prognosis. Nevertheless, no consensus has been reached on the optimal surgical method. We aimed to provide evidence for the effectiveness of surgical treatment by summarizing the experience from our center. METHODS: Clinical data from 1500 patients undergoing parathyroidectomy were recorded, which included 1419 patients in a total parathyroidectomy without autotransplantation (tPTX) group, 54 patients in a total parathyroidectomy plus autotransplantation (tPTX + AT) group, and 27 patients in the other group. Perioperative basic data, intact parathyroid hormone (i-PTH) levels, serum calcium levels, serum phosphorus levels, pathological reports, coexisting thyroid diseases, short-term outcomes and complications were analyzed. Moreover, postoperative complications were compared between the tPTX and tPTX + AT groups. RESULTS: Parathyroid hormone, serum calcium and phosphorus levels decreased significantly post-surgery. Two patients died during the perioperative period. As the two most common complications, the incidences of severe hypocalcemia and hyperkalemia were 36.20% (543 cases) and 24.60% (369 cases), respectively. Pre-iPTH levels (OR = 1.001, 95% CI: 1.001-1.001, p < 0.01), serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels (OR = 1.002, 95% CI: 1.001-1.002, p < 0.01) and the mass of excised parathyroid gland (OR = 3.06, 95% CI: 1.24-7.55, p = 0.02) were positively associated with postoperative severe hypocalcemia, while age and serum calcium were negatively associated with it. Pathological reports of resected parathyroid and thyroid glands indicated that 96.49% had parathyroid nodular hyperplasia, 13.45% had thyroid nodular hyperplasia, and 4.08% had thyroid papillary carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: Parathyroidectomy is a safe and effective treatment for refractory secondary hyperparathyroidism. Severe hypocalcemia is the main complication, and coexistent thyroid diseases should never be neglected.

A Bioinformatic Analysis of Immune-Related Prognostic Genes in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Based on TCGA and GEO Databases.

BACKGROUND: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a commonly occurring tumor. Through a deeper understanding of the immune regulatory mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment, immunotherapy may serve as a potential treatment for cancer patients. This study aimed at identifying the survival-related immune cells and hub genes, which could be potential targets for immunotherapy in ccRCC. METHODS: The gene expression profiles and clinical data of ccRCC patients were extracted from UCSC Xena and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression analyses were utilized to select the survival-related tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Multivariate Cox regression was utilized to develop a signature based on the tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs). Based on the signature, the risk score was calculated, following which the samples were divided into high-risk and low-risk groups. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two risk groups were identified. Functional enrichment analysis was performed and cytoHubba plug-in of Cytoscape was used to identify the hub genes. Multiple datasets were utilized to validate these hub genes, including the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), UALCAN, and the Human Protein Atlas (HPA), and the GEO datasets. Finally, a correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between the hub genes and TIICs. RESULTS: Four immune survival-related cells, including T cell CD4 memory-activated, T cell regulatory (Tregs), eosinophils, and mast cell resting were identified. Nine immune-specific hub genes were identified, which included APOE, CASR, CTLA4, CXCL8, EGF, F2, KNG1, MMP9, and IL6. Furthermore, these hub genes were significantly correlated with clinical traits and closely associated with some TIICs. CONCLUSION: A total of four survival-related immune cell types and nine hub genes were found to be closely associated with ccRCC. These findings may have implications for the development of novel potential immunotherapeutic targets for ccRCC.

The analysis of N6-methyladenosine regulators impacting the immune infiltration in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) are related to the progression of several types of cancer. Nevertheless, the impact of m6A on the TIME of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains unclear. This study used an unsupervised clustering algorithm to divide the samples into distinct subgroups. The single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) algorithm to estimate the TIME. The correlation between m6A regulators and immune cells in different subgroups was calculated using Spearman analysis. At last, the relationship between IGF2BP2 and HMGA2 was validated in several datasets, including TCGA-KIRC, GEO, and HPA datasets. We found that m6A regulators were differently expressed in several clinical groups. Based on the expression of m6A regulators, we divided the samples into three subgroups. Then, the survival analysis for these three subgroups showed that the cluster 2 subgroup had poor overall survival (OS). Further, we found that IGF2BP2 and IGF2BP3 were essential components in the cluster 2 subgroup using the principal component analysis (PCA) algorithm. In addition, the expression of these two genes was significantly correlated with survival time. At last, we found that HMGA2 was significantly correlated with IGF2BP2 in several datasets, which indicated that HMGA2 is an essential role in affecting IGF2BP2 regulating the TIME. There is a close correlation between m6A regulators and TIME. Moreover, IGF2BP2 is related to the progression of ccRCC and plays an essential role in affecting the TIME.

Circ_CHFR Promotes Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-BB-Induced Proliferation, Invasion, and Migration in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells via the miR-149-5p/NRP2 Axis.

ABSTRACT: Circular RNA checkpoint with forkhead and ring finger domains (circ_CHFR) were reported to regulate vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysfunction during atherosclerosis (AS). However, the molecule mechanism of circ_CHFR in AS remains largely unclear. Human VSMCs (HVSMCs) were exposed to platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) in vitro. Levels of circ_CHFR, microRNA (miR)-149-5p, and neuropilin 2 (NRP2) were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were analyzed using cell counting kit-8, colony formation, flow cytometry, wound healing, and transwell assays. The binding interaction between miR-149-5p and circ_CHFR or NRP2 was investigated using the dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. Circ_CHFR was elevated in PDGF-BB-induced HVSMCs in a dose-independent manner. Silencing of circ_CHFR reversed PDGF-BB-evoked promotion of cell proliferation, migration and invasion, as well as suppression of cell apoptosis in HVSMCs. Mechanistically, circ_CHFR directly bound to miR-149-5p, and miR-149-5p inhibition attenuated the effects of circ_CHFR knockdown on PDGF-BB-induced HVSMCs. Besides, NRP2 was confirmed to be a target of miR-149-5p, and circ_CHFR could regulate NRP2 expression through sponging miR-149-5p. Moreover, miR-149-5p overexpression abolished PDGF-BB-triggered enhancement of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by targeting NRP2. Circ_CHFR promoted the proliferation, invasion, and migration of PDGF-BB-induced HVSMCs through miR-149-5p/NRP2 axis, providing a new insight into the pathogenesis of AS and a potential therapeutic target for AS treatment.

Identification of potential biomarkers associated with immune infiltration in papillary renal cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Immunotherapeutic approaches have recently emerged as effective treatment regimens against various types of cancer. However, the immune-mediated mechanisms surrounding papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the tumor microenvironment (TME) and identify the potential immune-related biomarkers for pRCC. METHODS: The CIBERSORT algorithm was used to calculate the abundance ratio of immune cells in each pRCC samples. Univariate Cox analysis was used to select the prognostic-related tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs). Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to develop a signature based on the selected prognostic-related TIICs. Then, these pRCC samples were divided into low- and high-risk groups according to the obtained signature. Analyses using Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were performed to investigate the biological function of the DEGs (differentially expressed genes) between the high- and low-risk groups. The hub genes were identified using a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis. The hub genes were subsequently validated by multiple clinical traits and databases. RESULTS: According to our analyses, nine immune cells play a vital role in the TME of pRCC. Our analyses also obtained nine potential immune-related biomarkers for pRCC, including TOP2A, BUB1B, BUB1, TPX2, PBK, CEP55, ASPM, RRM2, and CENPF. CONCLUSION: In this study, our data revealed the crucial TIICs and potential immune-related biomarkers for pRCC and provided compelling insights into the pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets for pRCC.