Are Health Information Systems Ready for the Digital Transformation in Portugal? Challenges and Future Perspectives.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to reflect on the challenges of Health Information Systems in Portugal at a time when technologies enable the creation of new approaches and models for care provision, as well as to identify scenarios that may characterize this practice in the future. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: A guiding research model was created based on an empirical study that was conducted using a qualitative method that integrated content analysis of strategic documents and semi-structured interviews with a sample of fourteen key actors in the health sector. FINDINGS: Results pointed to the existence of emerging technologies that may promote the development of Health Information Systems oriented to "health and well-being" in a preventive model logic and reinforce the social and management implications. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The originality of this work resided in the empirical study carried out, which allowed us to analyze how the various actors look at the present and the future of Health Information Systems. There is also a lack of studies addressing this subject. RESEARCH LIMITATIONS/IMPLICATIONS: The main limitations resulted from a low, although representative, number of interviews and the fact that the interviews took place before the pandemic, so the digital transformation that was promoted was not reflected. Managerial implications and social implications: The study highlighted the need for greater commitment from decision makers, managers, healthcare providers, and citizens toward achieving improved digital literacy and health. Decision makers and managers must also agree on strategies to accelerate existing strategic plans and avoid their implementation at different paces.

Molecular analyses reveal two lineages under the name Rimapenaeus constrictus (Stimpson, 1874) (Decapoda, Dendrobranchiata, Penaeidae).

The genus Rimapenaeus Prez Farfante Kensley, 1997 occurs in shallow waters and includes six species, being four restricted to Pacific Ocean and two restricted to Atlantic Ocean. Along the Brazilian coast, Rimapenaeus constrictus (Stimpson, 1874) (called camaro ferrinho in Brazil) is one of the species most often accidentally caught during fishery activities, but due to its small size and abundance, it is not commercially exploited. Considering its wide distribution in the western Atlantic the purpose of this study was to examine from a molecular and morphological perspective specimens identified as R. constrictus sampled at the two extremes of its distribution (USA and southeastern Brazil). The phylogenetic trees (16S mtDNA and Cytochrome oxidase subunit I genes) showed a split of these specimens in two well-supported lineages: lineage A from USA (Maryland, Virginia, Florida and Gulf of Mexico) and lineage B from southeastern Brazil (Rio de Janeiro and So Paulo). The genetic distance observed between them (16S: 3.2%; COI: 9.4%) is high to be intraspecific, mainly when compared with other Dendrobranchiata studied. Instead of it none clear pattern that allows the morphological separation of these lineages was observed. We conclude that the shrimps usually called of Rimapenaeus constrictus, widely distributed in the Atlantic, actually represents two species and the Brazilian lineage probably is a new species, not described yet.

Standardization and revision of morphological structures terminology for Glyphocrangonidae (Decapoda: Caridea).

Glyphocrangonidae includes 96 species in one genus, Glyphocrangon A. Milne-Edwards, 1881 and this genus was divided into four informal species groups. This family has a complex morphology with many ornamentations on the body. Some papers tentatively standardized the group's nomenclature, but it still presents understanding problems as one structure being called of three distinct names, for instance. Here, we are standardizing the nomenclature of Glyphocrangonidae based on the homologous structures that describe the group.

Taxonomic status of the amphi-Atlantic species Plesionika acanthonotus (Caridea: Pandalidae): a multi-locus and morphological approach.

Deep-sea shrimps of the species Plesionika acanthonotus (Smith, 1882) and P. holthuisi Crosnier Forest, 1968 are morphologically similar and exhibit overlapping amphi-Atlantic distributions. In the literature, through morphological studies, there are reports of doubts about the validity of P. holthuisi and some authors believe that the eastern and western Atlantic populations of P. acanthonothus could represent two distinct species. The objective of the present study was to use molecular data to elucidate the taxonomic status of the two populations of P. acanthonothus. DNA sequences of two mitochondrial genes (16S rDNA and Cytochrome Oxidase subunit I) and a nuclear gene (Histone 3) were obtained for both species and for both populations of P. acanthonotus. The sequences were also obtained from Genbank for comparison. The trees (separate and multi-locus/partitioned genes) were generated by Bayesian Inference analyzes, and genetic divergence (Kimura-2-parameters) was also calculated. All specimens that had their DNA sequenced were examined morphologically to confirm their identification; morphological variations were noted. The genetic data showed that Plesionika holthuisi is closely related to P. acanthonotus, but clearly separated, indicating that P. holthuisi is a valid species. In the multi-locus analysis, the P. acanthonothus specimens were divided into two clades, one with the eastern Atlantic specimens and another with the western Atlantic specimens. However, this genetic separation was considered to be a population structuring for three reasons: (1) the genetic divergences of the two mitochondrial genes between these two groups (eastern Atlantic X western Atlantic) were smaller than the interspecific divergence for Plesionika; (2) the P. acanthonothus sequences of the Histone 3 gene showed no genetic variation; (3) in the analyzed individuals, no valid morphological character was found to support this separation. Thus, the conclusion of this study is that P. holthuisi probably is a valid species and P. acanthonothus presents two populations with mitochondrial divergences that could be in the process of speciation, but which currently represent only one species.

Taxonomy of deep-sea shrimps of the Superfamily Oplophoroidea Dana 1852 (Decapoda: Caridea) from Southwestern Atlantic.

In this paper, we provide some available information about the occurrence and some taxonomic aspects of 19 species from the Superfamily Oplophoroidea in the southwestern Atlantic (Brazilian waters), with the update to 22 species of Oplophoroidea occurring in Brazilian waters. Samples were collected during two sets of surveys. The first was performed in 2009 and 2011 in the Potiguar Basin in northeast of Brazil (03-05°S; 38-35°W; between the States of Ceará and Rio Grande do Norte) under the framework of the project "Avaliação da biota bentônica e planctônica da Bacia Potiguar e Ceará (Bpot)", with samples collected from bottom trawls in the continental slope at depth ranging from 150-2068 m. Second, under the in the framework of the ABRACOS (Acoustic along the Brazilian coast), performed in 2015 and 2017 on seamounts and offshore areas in Northeast Brazil (Ceará Chain, Rio Grande do Norte and Rocas Atoll, Fernando de Noronha Archipelago and Pernambuco State), with samples with pelagic micronekton and mesopelagic nets, in depths ranging from 50-1260 m. We highlight the occurrence of 14 species of the family Acanthephyridae and 5 species of the family Oplophoridae, including the first occurrences of five species to Brazilian deep waters: Acanthephyra kingsleyi Spence Bate, 1888, Ephyrina ombango Crosnier Forest, 1973, Meningodora compsa (Chace, 1940), M. longisulca Kikuchi, 1985 and Systellapsis curvispina Crosnier, 1987. These records increase the knowledge on deep-sea shrimps occurring in Southwestern Atlantic.

First record of four Pasiphaea Savigny, 1816 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Pasiphaeidae) species from the southwestern Atlantic.

New records of Pasiphaea from the Southwestern Atlantic are reported. The material was sampled during the oceanographic projects REVIZEE and HABITATS and four species were collected: Pasiphaea alcocki (Wood-Mason, 1891); P. major Hayashi, 2006; P. taiwanica Komai et al., 2012 and P. tarda Krøyer, 1845. An identification key for the seven currently reported species of southwestern Atlantic Pasiphaea is provided.

Agroforestry coffee soils increase the insect-suppressive potential offered by entomopathogenic fungi over full-sun soils: A case proposing a "bait survival technique".

Entomopathogenic fungi are important natural enemies of insects. However, there is little information on the insect-suppressive potential of these fungi and possible effects of farming management on this. Meanwhile, changes in natural landscapes due to agricultural intensification have caused considerable biodiversity loss and consequent decay of ecosystem services. However, the adoption of practices such as agroforestry in agroecosystems can foster abiotic and biotic conditions that conserve biodiversity, consequently restoring the provision of ecosystems services. Here, we assessed the effect of management systems (agroforestry or full-sun) on the pest-suppressive potential of entomopathogenic fungi in Brazilian coffee plantations. We used the insect bait method coupled with survival analyses to assess the speed of kill by entomopathogenic fungi and their presence in soil samples from both farming systems. We found that insects exposed to agroforestry soils died more quickly than insects exposed to full-sun soils. Of the fungi isolated from the bait insects, Metarhizium was found most frequently, followed by Beauveria. Meanwhile, Fusarium was frequently isolated as primary or secondary infections. We propose that the differential survival of insects is indicative of a greater suppressive potential by entomopathogenic fungi in agroforestry, and that this could be promoted by the diversified landscape, microclimatic stability, and reduced soil disturbance in agroforestry systems. Furthermore, our results provide a useful demonstration of the potential use of the insect bait method to investigate pest-suppressive potential through bait insect mortality, and we term this the "bait survival technique."

A new species of Pasiphaea Savigny, 1816 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Pasiphaeidae) from the southwestern Atlantic.

The genus Pasiphaea Savigny, 1816 (Caridea: Pasiphaeidae) includes 71 species, of which vast majority inhabit in the meso or bathypelagic zones in the world oceans. A new species is described herein, sampled during the project "ABRACOS 2" (Acoustic along the BRazilian COast) nearby the Rocas Atoll and Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, in Brazilian waters. Pasiphaea antea n. sp. appears close to Pasiphaea dorsolineatus Komai Chan, 2012 described from off Hawaii, but is distinguished from the latter by the different shape of the rostrum, the mid-dorsal line of the carapace sharply carinate in the anterior half, and the possession of more numerous spiniform setae on the meri of the pereopods 1 and 2. This is the third species known from the southwestern Atlantic.

New records of deep-sea prawn of the genus Gennadas Spence Bate, 1881 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Benthesicymidae) from Southwestern Atlantic.

Here, we report the new occurrences of four deep-water prawn of the genus Gennadas in the southwestern Atlantic: G. gilchristi recorded from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge region; G. capensis recorded from Brazilian waters off Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Atol das Rocas and Ceará Chain; G. talismani and G. scutatus recorded both to Mid-Atlantic Ridge and to Brazilian waters.

A new species of Eupasiphae Wood-Mason Alcock, 1893 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Pasiphaeidae) from the southwestern Atlantic.

The pasiphaeid shrimp genus Eupasiphae Wood-Mason Alcock, 1893 (Caridea: Pasiphaeidae) currently includes four bathypelagic species: Eupasiphae latirostris (Wood-Mason, 1891), E. gilesii (Wood-Mason, 1892), E. serrata Rathbun, 1902 and E. paucidentata Crosnier, 1988. The present work describes a further new species, Eupasiphae ostrovski n. sp., on the basis of material sampled at the continental shelf and slope of the Central Brazilian coast at depths of 200 - 2000 m. The new species is somewhat similar to E. paucidentata, only known from Madagascar, but can be easily distinguished from all other congeneric species by the number and shape of lateral carinae at carapace and by the middorsal carina of the carapace being without teeth anteriorly and with 0-3 posteriorly. The new species is the first Eupasiphae representative known from the southwestern Atlantic.

A new species of Pseudione Kossmann, 1881 (Crustacea, Isopoda, Bopyridae) parasitizing the squat lobster Munida microphthalma A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 in the Southwestern Atlantic.

A new species of Pseudione Kossmann, 1881, is described from 21 parasitized individuals of the squat lobster Munida microphthalma A. Milne-Edwards, 1880, collected in Brazilian waters of the southwestern Atlantic Ocean. The new species belongs to the Pseudione "crénéles" group sensu Bourdon (1976). The number of specimens obtained as well as the life history stage diversity of the type series, consisting of mature females, mature males, subadult males and cryptoniscus larvae, are unusually large for bopyrid isopod type series.

An overview of the genus Plesionika Bate, 1888 (Decapoda, Caridea, Pandalidae) in Asian waters.

The pandalid genus Plesionika Bate, 1888 includes 93 species and has a widespread distribution including mainly subtropical and tropical waters and some temperate waters, but most species can be found in the Indo-West Pacific. The species of this genus are benthic or nektobenthic, feeding on pelagic and benthic resources. Up to the present, the occurrence of 45 species of the genus has been reported from Asian waters. However, studies on these species from this region are mainly concerning their taxonomic report and very less their biology. Herein a key for the 45 Asian Plesionika species, and brief notes on its taxonomy are provided.

Nematocarcinus Milne Edwards, 1881 (Crustacea, Decapoda) from Southwestern Atlantic, including the Southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge area.

The deep sea shrimp genus Nematocarcinus Milne Edwards, 1881 includes 47 species, ten of them have been recorded from the Atlantic Ocean. Herein, material sampled during three scientific projects (REVIZEE Central Fishery project; Campos Basin Deep Sea Environmental Project; Evaluation of Environmental Heterogeneity in the Campos Basin) made in the Southwestern Atlantic, off Brazil, is examined. In addition, material sampled from the South Mid Atlantic Ridge (MAR-ECO Project) was also examined. Four species are recorded for the first time to the southwestern Atlantic Ocean including Mid Atlantic Ridge area: Nematocarcinus faxoni Burukovsky, 2001; N. gracilipes Filhol, 1884; N. rotundus Crosnier & Forest, 1973 and N. tenuipes Spence-Bate, 1888.

A new Munidopsis species (Galatheoidea, Munidopsidae) from the Southwestern Atlantic.

Six Munidopsis species are recorded to the Southwestern Atlantic: M. barbarae; M. erinacea; M. nitida; M. sigsbei; M. riveroi and M. transtridens. Herein a new Munidopsis species from Southwestern Atlantic is described: Munidopsis trindadensis sp.nov., was sampled off Trindade Island (Espírito Santo, Brazil) at 360 m depth and differs from all six species previously recorded in this region by the telson with seven plates.

Redescription of Odontozona edwardsi (Bouvier, 1908) (Decapoda: Stenopodidea: Stenopodidae) and description of a new species of Odontozona commensal on the deep-water coral, Lophelia pertusa (Linneaus, 1758).

Odontozona edwardsi, a rare stenopodid shrimp from deep waters of the northwest African coast off Morocco and Western Sahara is redescribed and figured based on type material and an additional 26 specimens including some from the Gulf of Cadiz and off Roscoff, France. Specimens of another Odontozona from the Gulf of Mexico, off Sapelo Island, Georgia, and off Rio de Janeiro, Brazil have been confused with O. edwardsi and O. spongicola. This Odontozona is associated with the deep sea hard coral Lophelia pertusa and is herewith designated as a new species. Both these Atlantic species of Odontozona are distinguished from the deep-water Pacific O. spongicola as well as the recently described southwestern Atlantic O. meloi by several morphological characters. A key to the Atlantic species of Odontozona is presented.