Identification and distribution of species of Neofusicoccum that cause blueberry stem blight in Chile.

Stem blight is a destructive woody disease of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) caused by several species of the family Botryosphaeriaceae. A field survey was conducted in the mayor blueberry production area of Chile, comprising latitudes 32°49'S to 40°55'S, to determine the occurrence and distribution of Botryosphaeriaceae in the region. Together, a multilocus analysis, morphological characterization, and phytopathogenicity testing were used to identify 51 Neofusicoccum isolates belonging to N. nonquaesitum (28 strains), N. parvum (22 strains), and N. australe (1 strain). Of these, N. parvum and N. nonquaesitum were the most commonly found, with N. parvum most frequent from latitude 37°40'S to the north and N. nonquaesitum predominantly located from the same latitude toward the south. Morphological traits of the isolates were consistent with the species identified by molecular techniques, despite the overlapping of conidial size of some isolates among species. Pathogenicity trials showed that the three species were pathogenic to blueberry plants and revealed that N. parvum and N. nonquaesitum were the most aggressive species, although variability in virulence was observed among isolates of N. parvum and N. nonquaesitum.

Draft Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas sp. Strain RGM 3321, a Phyllosphere Endophyte from Fragaria chiloensis subsp. chiloensis f. patagonica.

Pseudomonas sp. strain RGM 3321 is a phyllosphere endophyte from Fragaria chiloensis subsp. chiloensis f. patagonica that harbors genes associated with plant growth promotion pathways, as well as genes typically found in plant pathogens.

Antifungal Activity of Beauveria bassiana Endophyte against Botrytis cinerea in Two Solanaceae Crops.

Botrytis cinerea causes substantial losses in tomato and chili pepper crops worldwide. Endophytes have shown the potential for the biological control of diseases. The colonization ability of native endophyte strains of Beauveria bassiana and their antifungal effect against B. cinerea were evaluated in Solanaceae crops. Root drenching with B. bassiana was applied, and endophytic colonization capacity in roots, stems, and leaves was determined. The antagonistic activity was evaluated using in vitro dual culture and also plants by drenching the endophyte on the root and by pathogen inoculation in the leaves. Ten native strains were endophytes of tomato, and eight were endophytes of chili pepper. All strains showed significant in vitro antagonism against B. cinerea (30-36%). A high antifungal effect was observed, and strains RGM547 and RGM644 showed the lowest percentage of the surface affected by the pathogen. Native strains of B. bassiana colonized tomato and chili pepper tissues and provided important levels of antagonism against B. cinerea.

Punción aspirativa en la glándula mamaria / Five needle aspiration biophy of breast

Al ser la punción aspirativa con aguja fina, una de las metodologías de diagnóstico sencillo y de presición para todo tipo de tumoraciones, órganos o líquidos orgánicos en general, es conveniente tomar esta práctica como un elemento que pueda ayudar a solucionar los problemas y dar el diagnóstico de las diversas patología de carácter neoplásico. En el presente trabajo señalaremos lo hecho en las tumoraciones que se presentan a nivel de las gládulas mamarias, como tal se mostrará una casuística de 44 casos entre 1989 y 1992 que se referirán a las punciones y 67 casos de cáncer de mamario atendidos de 1986 a 1991, en el Instituto de Anatomóa Patológica y el de Cancerología respectivamente

Metodos de biopsias mamarias, indicaciones y resultados de cada metodo / Methods of mammary biopsy indications and results of each methods

Frente a la circunstancia de una presentación tumoral en las glándulas mamarias, la opsión a tomar será; la pronta aclaración de si el problema es benigno o maligno. Esto será posible luego de agotar todos los medios auxiliares, para así escoger el método de biopsia más adecuado, con el fin de determinar el tipo histopatológico; para una conducta posterior en el tratamiento y el pronóstico mismo de la enfermedad. Deberá entonces tomerse en cuenta, que toda tumoración presente en la glándula mamaria, mientras no se demuestre lo contrario, se debe hacer biopsia