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1.
Rev. cuba. salud pública ; 43(1)ene.-mar. 2017.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1042958

ABSTRACT

Se aborda el tema Voluntad Política teniendo como paradigma al conductor de la Revolución cubana, Fidel Castro Ruz. Se realizó una búsqueda de los términos Voluntad, Política y Voluntad Política. Se hace un recuento de cómo se inició esa voluntad partiendo de un análisis de la situación de salud antes del triunfo de la Revolución y como en el decursar de la lucha de liberación y después del triunfo, esa voluntad se transformó en Voluntad Política presente en todas las acciones de salud hasta nuestros días. La Voluntad Política ha estado impulsada en lo interno por Fidel y su influencia hacia lo externo en las acciones de gobiernos progresistas en la región de las Américas, a los cuales se les combate en la actualidad en una ofensiva con vista a la implantación de políticas neoliberales contradictorias con la voluntad de los pueblos.Se le reconoce a Fidel su ejemplo, su enseñanza y su dedicación a la Salud Publica cubana(AU)


The topic called political willingness was dealt with in this paper, taking the leader of the Cuban Revolution Fidel Castro Ruz as paradigm. The terms willingness, politics and political willingness were searched for. An account was made of how this type of willingness emerged, on the basis of the analysis of the health situation before the Revolution, and how this willingness changed into political willingness in the course of the liberation struggle and after the triumph of the revolution. It is present in all the health actions put into practice up to our times, encouraged by Fidel at domestic level, and its external influence over the actions undertaken by progressive governments in the Americas, which are now fought in an offensive to implement neoliberal policies going against the peoples´ willingness. Fidel´s example, teachings and devotion to the Cuban public health were acknowledged(AU)


Subject(s)
Volition , Public Health , Politics , Cuba
2.
Cir. Esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 94(3): 137-143, mar. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-150083

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: Recientemente se ha validado una escala internacional de puntuación (LARS) que cuantifica el síndrome de resección anterior (SRA). El objetivo de este estudio es conocer la incidencia y gravedad del SRA utilizando el LARS y su relación con variables seleccionadas. MÉTODOS: A todos los pacientes con resección anterior por cáncer de recto operados entre octubre de 2007 y febrero de 2014, con intención curativa y con más de un año de funcionalidad, se les envió el cuestionario LARS. Las variables estudiadas fueron: edad, sexo, tiempo transcurrido desde la cirugía, tipo de resección, vía quirúrgica, tipo de anastomosis, realización de estoma derivativo, complicación postoperatoria y régimen de radioterapia. RESULTADOS: De 195 pacientes, 136 (70%) respondieron (132 adecuadamente). El 47% de los pacientes presentaba un LARS mayor y el 34% no desarrolló SRA cuantificable. Se relacionó un LARS mayor con peor calidad de vida (p = 0,002). En el análisis univariante, la escisión mesorrectal total (ETM), la radioterapia larga y el estoma derivativo se asociaron a un LARS mayor, y la utilización de un reservorio, a uno menor. En el análisis multivariante solo el tipo de resección (p < 0,001) y la utilización de reservorio (p = 0,002) fueron factores individuales relacionados con el LARS. CONCLUSIONES: La mitad de los pacientes operados presentaron un LARS mayor y solo un tercio no presentó un SRA cuantificable. La percepción global de la calidad de vida fue significativamente peor en los pacientes con LARS mayor. La ausencia de recto (ETM) y la forma de reconstrucción anastomótica fueron los principales factores asociados a la puntuación LARS


INTRODUCTION: Recently a score (LARS) has been internationally validates that quantifies the anterior resection syndrome (ARS). The objective of this study is to know the incidence and severity of the ARS using LARS and its correlation with selected variables or risk factors. METHODS: All operated patients with anterior resection for rectal cancer between October 2007 and February 2014, with curative intention and at least one year of functionality, were sent a LARS questionnaire. The variables studied were: Age sex, time elapsed since surgery, type of surgical approach, type of anastomosis, derivative ileostomy, postoperative pelvic complication, and radiotherapy regimen. RESULTS: Out of 195 patients, 136 (70%) responded, and 132 responded properly. A total of 47% of the patients presented «severe» LARS and 34% did not develop quantifiable ARS. Quality of life was worse in the highest LARS scores (P=.002). In the univariate analysis, total mesorectal excision, long radiotherapy regimen and derivative stoma were associated to «severe» LARS and the use of a reservoir was associated with minor LARS. In multivariate analysis only the type of resection (P<.001) and the use of a reservoir (P=.002) were individual factors related to LARS. CONCLUSIONS: Half of the operated patients presented high LARS score and only a third did not provide a quantifiable ARS. The overall perception of quality of life was significantly worse in patients with more severe LARS. The absence of the rectum (total mesorectal excision) and the type of anastomosis were the main factors associated with the LARS score


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Rectal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Rectal Neoplasms/physiopathology , Rectal Neoplasms/surgery , Plastic Surgery Procedures/instrumentation , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Rectum/pathology , Rectum/surgery , Plastic Surgery Procedures/standards , Plastic Surgery Procedures/trends , Anastomosis, Surgical/methods , Anastomosis, Surgical/standards , Evaluation of Results of Therapeutic Interventions/trends
3.
Cir Esp ; 94(3): 137-43, 2016 Mar.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26796026

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Recently a score (LARS) has been internationally validates that quantifies the anterior resection syndrome (ARS). The objective of this study is to know the incidence and severity of the ARS using LARS and its correlation with selected variables or risk factors. METHODS: All operated patients with anterior resection for rectal cancer between October 2007 and February 2014, with curative intention and at least one year of functionality, were sent a LARS questionnaire. The variables studied were: Age sex, time elapsed since surgery, type of surgical approach, type of anastomosis, derivative ileostomy, postoperative pelvic complication, and radiotherapy regimen. RESULTS: Out of 195 patients, 136 (70%) responded, and 132 responded properly. A total of 47% of the patients presented "severe" LARS and 34% did not develop quantifiable ARS. Quality of life was worse in the highest LARS scores (P=.002). In the univariate analysis, total mesorectal excision, long radiotherapy regimen and derivative stoma were associated to "severe" LARS and the use of a reservoir was associated with minor LARS. In multivariate analysis only the type of resection (P<.001) and the use of a reservoir (P=.002) were individual factors related to LARS. CONCLUSIONS: Half of the operated patients presented high LARS score and only a third did not provide a quantifiable ARS. The overall perception of quality of life was significantly worse in patients with more severe LARS. The absence of the rectum (total mesorectal excision) and the type of anastomosis were the main factors associated with the LARS score.


Subject(s)
Digestive System Surgical Procedures , Digestive System Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Humans , Incidence , Quality of Life , Rectal Neoplasms/etiology , Rectum/surgery
4.
Int Braz J Urol ; 41(1): 91-8; discussion 99-100, 2015.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25928514

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To review the technique and outcome of perineal urethrostomy or urethral perineostomy and to identify factors related to the procedure failure. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied 17 patients who underwent perineal urethrostomy between 2009-2013 in a single hospital. Success was defined as no need for additional surgical treatment or urethral dilatation. We reviewed the clinical data related to age, weight, previous urethral surgery, diabetes, hypertension, ischemic cardiopathy, lichen sclerosus and other causes and studied their association with the procedure failure (univariate analysis). We completed the analysis with a multivariate test based on binary regression. RESULTS: The average follow-up was 39.41 months. From all the causes, we found Lichen Sclerosus in 35 %, idiopathic etiology in 29 % and prior hypospadia repair in 18 %. Postoperative failure occurred in 3 patients, with a final success of 82.4 %. The binary regression model showed as independent risk factors ischemic cardiopathy (OR: 2.34), and the presence of Lichen Sclerosis (OR: 3.21). CONCLUSIONS: The success rate with the perineal urethrostomy technique shows it to be a valid option above all when we preserve the urethral blood supply and plate. Lichen sclerosus and ischemic vascular problems are risk factors to re-stenosis.


Subject(s)
Ostomy/methods , Perineum/surgery , Urethra/surgery , Urethral Stricture/surgery , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Analysis of Variance , Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans/complications , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus/complications , Male , Middle Aged , Radiography , Regression Analysis , Reproducibility of Results , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Treatment Failure , Urethra/diagnostic imaging , Urologic Surgical Procedures/methods
5.
Cir. Esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 93(3): 174-180, mar. 2015. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-133732

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: La resección completa con márgenes libres en los tumores viscerales pélvicos localmente avanzados, primarios o recurrentes, requiere ocasionalmente de una exenteración pélvica total (EPT). MÉTODOS: Revisamos los resultados obtenidos con la EPT en 34 pacientes consecutivos operados entre junio de 2006 y diciembre de 2013. RESULTADOS: La mediana de edad fue de 62 (40-82) años; 24 (70%) eran varones. El origen tumoral más frecuente fue el avanzado y primitivo de recto (TAPR), con 19 casos (55,9%) y el tipo de exenteración, la supraelevadora (61,8%). Se logró una resección R0 en 24 (70,6%) pacientes y en 16 (85%) de los TAPR. Quince (79%) pacientes con TAPR tenían pT4, y 4 (20%) pN+. La continuidad intestinal y urinaria se realizó con 2 estomas en 17 casos (50%), Bricker y anastomosis colorrectal en 11 (32,3%) y colostomía húmeda double barreled en 6 (17,6%). No hubo mortalidad postoperatoria; 23 (67,5%) pacientes tuvieron complicaciones y 5 (14,6%) requirieron una reoperación en el postoperatorio. La mediana de seguimiento fue de 23 (13-45) meses. La supervivencia global (SG) y libre de enfermedad (SLE) a los 2 años fueron del 67% y 58% respectivamente, y la mediana de SG y SLE fue de 59 meses (IC 95%: 26 a 110) y de 39 meses (IC 95%: 14 a 64), respectivamente. La SLE de las R0 fue significativamente mejor (p = 0,003) que las R1. CONCLUSIONES: La EPT es un procedimiento potencialmente curativo para las neoplasias viscerales avanzadas de la pelvis, con una morbimortalidad similar a otras cirugías exeréticas mayores


INTRODUCTION: Complete resection with clear margins in locally advanced pelvic visceral tumors, primary or recurrent, occasionally requires total pelvic exenteration (TPE). METHODS: We reviewed the results of EFA in 34 consecutive patients operated on between June 2006 and December 2013.ResultsMedian age was 62 (40-82) years; 24 (70%) were male. The tumor origin most frequent was advanced primary rectal tumor (APRT), with 19 cases (55.9%) and most common type of exenteration was supraelevator (61.8%). R0 resection was achieved in 24 (70.6%) patients and in 16 (85%) of the APRT. Fifteen (79%) patients had pT4 APRT, and 4 (20%) pN +. Reconstruction of the bowel and bladder was performed with two stomas in 17 cases (50%), colorectal anastomosis and Bricker in 11 (32.3%) and wet double barreled colostomy in 6 (17.6%). There was no postoperative mortality; 23 (67,5%) patients had complications, and 5 (14.6%) required a postoperative reoperation to solve them. Median follow-up was 23 (13-45) months. Overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) at 2 years were 67% and 58% respectively, and the median OS and DFS was 59 months (95% CI 26-110) and 39 months (95% CI 14-64), respectively. The DFS of R0 was significantly better (p = 0.003) than R1. CONCLUSIONS: TPE is a potentially curative procedure for advanced pelvic visceral malignancies with similar morbi-mortality than other extended excisional surgery


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Pelvic Exenteration/methods , Pelvic Neoplasms/surgery , Rectal Neoplasms/surgery , Urogenital Neoplasms/surgery , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/surgery
6.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 41(1): 91-100, jan-feb/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-742871

ABSTRACT

Objective To review the technique and outcome of perineal urethrostomy or urethral perineostomy and to identify factors related to the procedure failure. Material and methods We studied 17 patients who underwent perineal urethrostomy between 2009-2013 in a single hospital. Success was defined as no need for additional surgical treatment or urethral dilatation. We reviewed the clinical data related to age, weight, previous urethral surgery, diabetes, hypertension, ischemic cardiopathy, lichen sclerosus and other causes and studied their association with the procedure failure (univariate analysis). We completed the analysis with a multivariate test based on binary regression. Results The average follow-up was 39.41 months. From all the causes, we found Lichen Sclerosus in 35%, idiopathic etiology in 29% and prior hypospadia repair in 18%. Postoperative failure occurred in 3 patients, with a final success of 82.4%. The binary regression model showed as independent risk factors ischemic cardiopathy (OR: 2.34), and the presence of Lichen Sclerosis (OR: 3.21). Conclusions The success rate with the perineal urethrostomy technique shows it to be a valid option above all when we preserve the urethral blood supply and plate. Lichen sclerosus and ischemic vascular problems are risk factors to re-stenosis. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Perineum/surgery , Urethra/surgery , Urethral Stricture/surgery , Ostomy/methods , Urologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Urethra/diagnostic imaging , Radiography , Regression Analysis , Reproducibility of Results , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Analysis of Variance , Follow-Up Studies , Treatment Failure , Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus/complications , Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans/complications , Middle Aged
7.
Cir Esp ; 93(3): 174-80, 2015 Mar.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25443154

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Complete resection with clear margins in locally advanced pelvic visceral tumors, primary or recurrent, occasionally requires total pelvic exenteration (TPE). METHODS: We reviewed the results of EFA in 34 consecutive patients operated on between June 2006 and December 2013. RESULTS: Median age was 62 (40-82) years; 24 (70%) were male. The tumor origin most frequent was advanced primary rectal tumor (APRT), with 19 cases (55.9%) and most common type of exenteration was supraelevator (61.8%). R0 resection was achieved in 24 (70.6%) patients and in 16 (85%) of the APRT. Fifteen (79%) patients had pT4 APRT, and 4 (20%) pN +. Reconstruction of the bowel and bladder was performed with two stomas in 17 cases (50%), colorectal anastomosis and Bricker in 11 (32.3%) and wet double barreled colostomy in 6 (17.6%). There was no postoperative mortality; 23 (67,5%) patients had complications, and 5 (14.6%) required a postoperative reoperation to solve them. Median follow-up was 23 (13-45) months. Overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) at 2 years were 67% and 58% respectively, and the median OS and DFS was 59 months (95% CI 26-110) and 39 months (95% CI 14-64), respectively. The DFS of R0 was significantly better (p=0.003) than R1. CONCLUSIONS: TPE is a potentially curative procedure for advanced pelvic visceral malignancies with similar morbi-mortality than other extended excisional surgery.


Subject(s)
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/surgery , Pelvic Exenteration , Pelvic Neoplasms/surgery , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Disease-Free Survival , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/mortality , Pelvic Neoplasms/mortality , Retrospective Studies , Survival Rate
8.
Cir. Esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 91(9): 602-604, nov. 2013. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-117434

ABSTRACT

Objetivo Existen algunas circunstancias en las que el colon descendente no es válido, está ausente o no alcanza la pelvis para realizar una anastomosis colorrectal sin tensión. Una de las opciones quirúrgicas posibles para recuperar la continuidad digestiva es realizar una interposición de intestino delgado entre el colon y recto a anastomosar.MétodosSe describe a 3 pacientes en los cuales era imposible la realización de una anastomosis colorrectal sin tensión por presentar afección síncrona en el recto y el colon izquierdo, un colon izquierdo isquémico y un compartimento supramesocólico inabordable, respectivamente, practicándose en los 3 una interposición de una o 2 asas de intestino delgado, como puente o forma de reconstrucción del tránsito entre el colon y el recto.ResultadosLos pacientes recuperaron la continuidad digestiva sin morbilidad significativa. La función intestinal resultante ha sido buena. La endoscopia de seguimiento mostró inicialmente una discreta inflamación de la mucosa del intestino delgado que ha desaparecido posteriormente.ConclusiónCuando el colon descendente es insuficiente para una anastomosis pélvica bien irrigada y sin tensión, la interposición de intestino delgado entre el colon y el recto es una alternativa válida y a tener en cuenta para este fin (AU)


Purpose There are some circumstances in which the descending colon does not reach the pelvis to complete a colorectal anastomosis without tension. Re-establishing intestinal continuity by interposing small bowel as a bridge between the colon and the rectum could be an acceptable surgical alternative.MethodsWe describe the interposition of one or two segments of small bowel as a way of restoring continuity of the colon and rectum in three patients in whom it was not possible to perform a colorectal anastomosis without tension due to ischaemic colon, synchronous cancer or difficulty in accessing the supramesocolic space, respectively.ResultsIntestinal continuity was re-established in all patients with no significant morbidity and good intestinal function.ConclusionThe interposition of small bowel segments between the colon and the rectum should be considered a valid surgical option when it is not possible to achieve a well-perfused, tension-free pelvic colorectal anastomosis (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Anastomosis, Surgical/methods , Colorectal Neoplasms/surgery , Gastrointestinal Transit , Treatment Outcome
9.
Cir Esp ; 91(9): 602-4, 2013 Nov.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24064146

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: There are some circumstances in which the descending colon does not reach the pelvis to complete a colorectal anastomosis without tension. Re-establishing intestinal continuity by interposing small bowel as a bridge between the colon and the rectum could be an acceptable surgical alternative. METHODS: We describe the interposition of one or two segments of small bowel as a way of restoring continuity of the colon and rectum in three patients in whom it was not possible to perform a colorectal anastomosis without tension due to ischaemic colon, synchronous cancer or difficulty in accessing the supramesocolic space, respectively. RESULTS: Intestinal continuity was re-established in all patients with no significant morbidity and good intestinal function. CONCLUSION: The interposition of small bowel segments between the colon and the rectum should be considered a valid surgical option when it is not possible to achieve a well-perfused, tension-free pelvic colorectal anastomosis.


Subject(s)
Colon/surgery , Intestine, Small/surgery , Rectum/surgery , Aged , Anastomosis, Surgical/methods , Digestive System Surgical Procedures/methods , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pressure
10.
Rev. int. androl. (Internet) ; 10(3): 87-91, jul.-sept. 2012.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-105567

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Establecer a qué nivel se produce la fragmentación del ácido desoxirribonucleico (FADN), intratesticular o en la vía seminal, en varones infértiles con varicocele. Material y métodos: Análisis preliminar sobre 15 sujetos en estudio por infertilidad de un año de evolución con varicocele como causa más probable de su alteración. Realizamos FADN en semen previo a la varicocelectomía quirúrgica. Durante la intervención, se obtuvo una muestra testicular mediante biopsia (TESE), para la medición de FADN en espermatozoides intratesticulares, con el objetivo de establecer sus valores y si había diferencias respecto al semen. Resultados: Quince pacientes fueron intervenidos de varicocele izquierdo. En el seminograma, la alteración más frecuente fue la oligoastenozoospermia. Presentaron ADN fragmentado en semen 9 pacientes con una media de 47,8% (rango 38,8-59,2%), y en 6 fueron normales (media 27,4%; rango 12,7-35,3%). La FADN en testículo presentó valores más elevados que en el semen, estando alterados en 14 de los 15 pacientes (media 62,3%, rango 39,0-83,3%). Conclusiones: La FADN parece tener un papel importante en la fisiopatología actual del varicocele y aumenta en el semen de varones infértiles con esta alteración. Derivado de nuestros resultados, podríamos deducir que el mecanismo más importante de fragmentación se situaría a nivel intratesticular, en contra de lo que actualmente se postula. Confirmar esta hipótesis con mayor número de casos supondría un avance significativo en el conocimiento y aplicaciones clínicas en cuanto a esta patología (AU)


Objective: To establish the site at which intratesticular or seminal DNA fragmentation (DNAF) occurs in infertile men with varicocele. Material and Methods: A preliminary analysis was performed in a 1-year study of 15 patients in whom the suspected cause of infertility was varicocele. Analysis of DNAF was performed in semen prior to surgical varicocelectomy. To measure DNAF in intratesticular sperm, testicular samples were obtained by biopsy during the intervention. Results: Fifteen patients had left varicocele surgery. The most frequent abnormality observed in the semen was oligoasthenozoospermia. Nine patients had DNAF (average: 47.8%, range: 38.8-59.2%), and six were normal (average; 27.4%, range: 12.7-35.3%). DNAF levels were higher in testicular tissue samples than in semen (average: 62.3%, range: 39.0-83.3%). Only one of these patient samples did not reveal DNAF. Conclusions: DNAF seems to be related to the physiopathology of varicocele and is present at higher levels in the semen of infertile men with this alteration. In view of these results, we deduce that DNA fragmentation will primarily occur in the testes, which is contrary to current understanding. Testing this hypothesis in studies that include more patients would allow important advances to be made in the knowledge and treatment of this alteration (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , DNA Fragmentation , DNA Fragmentation/radiation effects , Varicocele/complications , Varicocele/diagnosis , Infertility/complications , Infertility/diagnosis , Infertility, Male/complications , Infertility, Male/diagnosis , Biopsy/methods , Asthenozoospermia/diagnosis , DNA Degradation, Necrotic , Varicocele/surgery , Varicocele/physiopathology , Asthenozoospermia/physiopathology
11.
Cir. Esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 89(5): 269-274, mayo 2011. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-92687

ABSTRACT

Se ha realizado una revisión literaria relativa a la cirugía de la recurrencia pélvica del cáncer de recto utilizando las bases de datos MedLine, Ovid, EMBASE, Cochrane y Cinahl. La evaluación por pruebas de imagen de la recidiva locorregional debe realizarse tanto para descartar la presencia de metástasis como con el objetivo de localizar el sitio preciso (subsitio) de la misma dentro de la pelvis. Como el único tratamiento curativo será la resección completa de la recidiva con márgenes negativos, se deben realizar preoperatoriamente TC, RMN, ecografía endorrectal y PET-TC para determinar la resecabilidad. Para una potencial curación, se deben realizar resecciones radicales, variando la técnica según la localización de la recurrencia sea central (axial), posterior (presacra) o lateral, así como el tratamiento efectuado del tumor primario. Los tratamientos neoadyuvantes, la braquiterapia y la RTIO mejoran los resultados de control local y la supervivencia en estos pacientes (AU)


A literature review has been made on the pelvic recurrence of rectal cancer using the MedLine, Ovid, EMBASE, Cochrane and Cinahl data bases. Assessment of the locoregional recurrence must be made using imaging tests in order to rule out the presence of metastasis, as well as for locating its exact location within the pelvis. As the only curative treatment should be complete resection of the recurrence with negative margins, a pre-operative CT,NMR, endorectal ultrasound and PET-CT must be performed to determine its resectability. For a potential cure, radical resections must be made, with the technique varying according to whether the location is central (axial), posterior (presacral) or lateral, as well as treatment directed at the primary tumour. Neoadjuvant treatments, brachiterapy and intra-operative radiotherapy improve the local control results and survival in these patients (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/surgery , Rectal Neoplasms/surgery
12.
Cir Esp ; 89(5): 269-74, 2011 May.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21429480

ABSTRACT

A literature review has been made on the pelvic recurrence of rectal cancer using the MedLine, Ovid, EMBASE, Cochrane and Cinahl data bases. Assessment of the locoregional recurrence must be made using imaging tests in order to rule out the presence of metastasis, as well as for locating its exact location within the pelvis. As the only curative treatment should be complete resection of the recurrence with negative margins, a pre-operative CT, NMR, endorectal ultrasound and PET-CT must be performed to determine its resectability. For a potential cure, radical resections must be made, with the technique varying according to whether the location is central (axial), posterior (presacral) or lateral, as well as treatment directed at the primary tumour. Neoadjuvant treatments, brachiterapy and intra-operative radiotherapy improve the local control results and survival in these patients.


Subject(s)
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/surgery , Rectal Neoplasms/surgery , Humans
13.
Fertil Steril ; 95(3): 1120.e5-8, 2011 Mar 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21047636

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To describe a technique for frozen-banked ovarian tissue transplantation using robotic-assisted laparoscopy. DESIGN: Case study. SETTING: Academic tertiary care center. PATIENT(S): A 38-year-old patient in remission for non-Hodgkin lymphoma, whose ovarian tissue had been frozen for 3 years. INTERVENTION(S): Robotic-assisted laparoscopic transplantation of thawed ovarian cortical tissue to the remaining ovary and peritoneum. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Resumption of spontaneous menses, follicular development, and ovulation as demonstrated by ultrasound, and serum E(2) and P levels. RESULT(S): The patient experienced cyclic spontaneous menstruation 6 months after the transplantation. Ovulation was confirmed by ultrasound and serum E(2) and P levels at month 11 after surgery. CONCLUSION(S): Robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery may be a good, minimally invasive alternative for the ovarian tissue transplantation procedure to restore ovarian function.


Subject(s)
Laparoscopy/methods , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/therapy , Organ Transplantation/methods , Ovary/transplantation , Robotics , Adult , Cryopreservation , Female , Fertility , Humans , Laparoscopy/instrumentation , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/instrumentation , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/methods , Organ Transplantation/instrumentation , Remission Induction , Transplantation, Autologous
15.
La Paz; 2006. 120 p. tab, graf. (BO).
Thesis in Spanish | LIBOCS, LIBOSP | ID: biblio-1309499

ABSTRACT

El presente documento contiene la investigación referida a la necesidad de implementar estrategias de promoción y prevención de salud oral de niños menores de 5 años en el kinder Notah G. de Zeballos de la localidad de Viacha ya que las medidas preventivas y curativas de salud oral son componentes importantes en el marco de atención en salud. Para ello, se parte del principio de que la salud oral va mucho más allá del hecho de que las personas tengan una boca sana que les permita cumplir cómodamente las funciones más importantes y cotidianas. es decir, la masticación, la pronunciación correcta de palabras, la deglución y la estetica. La importancia de la salud oral radica tambien en el hecho de que sea la puerta de ingreso para otras enfermedades o complicaciones para otros organos del cuerpo humano, como el corazón o las articulaciones, constituyendose en un foco infeccioso de alto riesgo para la salud fisica de los individuos. Asimismo, se toman encuenta las limitaciones del sistema odontologico, tanto público como privado para la atención preventiva en salud oral, primando el criterio curativo. Para ello, se efectuo una investigación documental que permitio fundamentar la propuesta teóricamente, sustentado la propuesta en actividades similares desarrolladas en otros contextos, y tomando encuenta los principales indicadores que permiten medir el éxito de tales propuestas. Con este marco general se efectua el diagnostico individual de cada niño y niña, a fin de identificar las principales afecciones y diseñar un plan estratégico que involucre tanto a padres de familia, profesores y los mismos niños y niñas en edad preescolar...


Subject(s)
Infection Control, Dental/standards , Health Education, Dental/classification , Health Strategies
16.
J Org Chem ; 70(23): 9591-4, 2005 Nov 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16268638

ABSTRACT

[Reaction: see text]. Mechanistic investigations and protocols for the synthesis of 2-nitrobiphenyls and 2,2'-dinitrobiphenyls are disclosed. It is revealed that obstacles appear during the transmetalation step when the phenylboronic acid is substituted with a nitro group in the 2-position, whereas when substituted in the 3- or 4-positions, the reaction follows similar patterns as found in the electrophilic substitution of nitrobenzenes, an observation that may be attributed to the elimination step of the catalytic cycle.

17.
Fertil Steril ; 82(4): 966-7, 2004 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15482783

ABSTRACT

This study demonstrates significant differences in the midluteal concentrations of active matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, MMP-2, and total MMP-3 between patients who conceived and those who did not after day 3 ET.


Subject(s)
Embryo Implantation/physiology , Embryo Transfer , Matrix Metalloproteinases/blood , Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases/blood , Estrogens/blood , Female , Fertilization in Vitro , Humans , Luteal Phase/physiology , Male , Pilot Projects , Pregnancy , Progesterone/blood , Prospective Studies
18.
Educ. med. super ; 18(3)jul.-sept.2004.
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-24366

ABSTRACT

Se exponen brevemente los antecedentes históricos en Cuba y América de la Reforma Universitaria de 1962. Se relacionan los hechos más importantes que entorpecieron el proceso de dicha reforma y la participación destacada del estudiantado universitario en su culminación en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad de La Habana. Por último, se da a conocer la proyección social y humanística que dio la reforma al médico y estomatólogo cubanos en el período revolucionario socialista(AU)


Subject(s)
Universities/history , Education, Medical , Students , Cuba
19.
Educ. med. super ; 18(3)jul.-sept. 2004.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-396596

ABSTRACT

Se exponen brevemente los antecedentes históricos en Cuba y América de la Reforma Universitaria de 1962. Se relacionan los hechos más importantes que entorpecieron el proceso de dicha reforma y la participación destacada del estudiantado universitario en su culminación en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad de La Habana. Por último, se da a conocer la proyección social y humanística que dio la reforma al médico y estomatólogo cubanos en el período revolucionario socialista


The historical antecedents in Cuba and the Americas of the University Reform of 1962 are briefly explained. The most important events that hinder the process of this reform and the outstanding participation of the university students in its culmination at the Faculty of Medical Sciences of Havana University are dealt with. Finally, it is made known the social and humanistic projection given to the Cuban physcians and stomatologists by the reform in the socialist revolutionary period.


Subject(s)
Students , Universities , Cuba , Education, Medical
20.
Vet. Méx ; 32(1): 47-53, ene.-mar. 2001. mapas, tab, CD-ROM
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-303166

ABSTRACT

El área de control de la fiebre porcina clásica se encuentra localizada en la parte central y sur de México. Se continúa con la vacunación de los animales y se han seguido presentando casos de la enfermedad. El número de brotes se incrementó durante 1997, siendo 87 por ciento en explotaciones de traspatio. Con el propósito de determinar algunos de los factores que contribuyeron al incremento de los brotes en 1997, se hicieron encuestas en 424 explotaciones de traspatio de cuatro municipios, cuatro mercados o tianguis de animales, cuatro rastros municipales y 16 granjas de ciclo completo de la zona poniente del Estado de México, México, que se encuentra dentro del área de control. En las explotaciones de traspatio, en promedio, 25 por ciento de los cerdos fueron vacunados y en el muestreo serológico 43 por ciento tenían anticuerpos. En promedio 37 por ciento de los cerdos eran vendidos y remplazados cada tres meses. De las granjas de ciclo completo, en 12 por ciento no vacunaban a los animales. En los tianguis, un promedio de 40 por ciento de los cerdos comercializados provenían de la zona en erradicación y 60 por ciento de la zona en control. En los cuatro rastros encuestados, los veterinarios oficiales informaron el decomiso de animales con lesiones sugerentes de fiebre porcina clásica. Se concluyó que los factores que contribuyeron al incremento del número de brotes en 1997 en la población de traspatio, fueron el elevado número de animales susceptibles que estaban entrando al área de control y eran mezclados con otros cerdos en los tianguis, su gran movilidad y bajo nivel de inmunidad, y cerdos enfermos y virémicos eran mandados al rastro por lo que los vehículos y choferes se pudieron contaminar en los rastros y acarrear el virus a las explotaciones porcinas.


Subject(s)
Animals , African Swine Fever , Vaccination/veterinary , Swine
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