ABSTRACT
No dia 11/01/2011, chuvas fortes provocaram alagamentos e deslizamentos de terra na região Serrana do Rio de Janeiro, levando cerca de mil pessoas a óbito, maior desastre natural registrado no Brasil até então. Desastres como este, cada vez mais frequentes devido às mudanças climáticas, também podem provocar deficiências e gerar incapacidades físicas aos sobreviventes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar o processo de reabilitação física nas situações de desastres naturais. Para isso, foi realizado um estudo de caso de caráter misto em um dos municípios mais atingidos, Nova Friburgo. Dados secundários foram utilizados tanto para caracterizar as condições de vida da população, quanto para investigar possíveis relações entre indicadores epidemiológicos de morbidade e mortalidade com o desastre. Considerando o provável aumento de lesões traumáticas em razão do desastre, dados primários relativos aos tipos de queixas no serviço de emergência municipal na semana anterior e posterior ao desastre foram também coletados. As necessidades de reabilitação e a capacidade de resposta no período de recuperação foram exploradas por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 12 vítimas, 17 profissionais de saúde e o gestor responsável pelos serviços públicos de reabilitação no município. Foram realizadas medidas de frequência simples nos dados quantitativos e as entrevistas passaram por análise de conteúdo...
In January 11th of 2011, strong rains caused floods and landslides at the Mountainous region of Rio de Janeiro, causing the death of about a thousand people, the biggest natural disaster registered in Brazil to this day. Disasters such as this, increasingly frequent due to climate change, may cause deficiencies and generate physical incapacities to survivors. The aim of this work was to investigate the process of physical rehabilitation in natural disaster situations. Thus, a mixed method case study was performed in one of the most affected city, Nova Friburgo. Secondary data was used to characterize the populations life conditions and to investigate possible relations between epidemiologic indicators of morbidity and mortality with the disaster. Considering the probable increase in traumatic injuries due to the disaster, the primary data related to the types of complaints in the municipal emergency system were collected in the week previous and subsequent to the disaster. The requirements for physical rehabilitation and the responsiveness in the disasters recovery period were explored by means of semi-structured interviews with 12 victims, 17 health professionals and an administrator responsible for the public health rehabilitation services in the county. Simple frequency measures were performed in the quantitative data and the interviews underwent a content analysis...
Subject(s)
Humans , Health Services Accessibility , Health Services Needs and Demand , Disasters , Rehabilitation Services , Health Surveys/statistics & numerical data , Physical Therapy Specialty , Social Conditions , User EmbracementABSTRACT
Natural disasters are still insufficiently studied and understood within the scope of public health in this country, with impacts in the short and long term. The scope of this article is to analyze the relationship between disasters and their impact on health based on disaster data recorded in the country. The methodology involved the systematization of data and information contained in the Brazilian Atlas of Natural Disasters 1991-2010 and directly from the National Department of Civil Defense (NSCD). Disasters were organized into four categories of events (meteorological; hydrological; climatological; geophysical/geological) and for each of the latter, the data for morbidity, mortality and exposure of those affected were examined, revealing different types of impacts. Three categories of disasters stood out: the hydrological events showed higher percentages of mortality, morbidity and exposure; climatological events had higher percentages of incidents and people affected; the geophysical/geological events had a higher average of exposure and deaths per event. Lastly, a more active participation of the health sector in the post-2015 global political agenda is proposed, particularly events related to sustainable development, climate change and disaster risk reduction.
Subject(s)
Disasters , Brazil , Climate , Environmental Health , HumansABSTRACT
In the specialized database of the Virtual Health Library (VHL), the DISASTER database highlights the importance of the theme for the health sector. The scope of this article is to identify the profiles of technical and scientific publications in the specialized database. Based on systematic searches and the analysis of results it is possible to determine: the type of publication; the main topics addressed; the most common type of disasters mentioned in published materials, countries and regions as subjects, historic periods with the most publications and the current trend of publications. When examining the specialized data in detail, it soon becomes clear that the number of major topics is very high, making a specific search process in this database a challenging exercise. On the other hand, it is encouraging that the disaster topic is discussed and assessed in a broad and diversified manner, associated with different aspects of the natural and social sciences. The disaster issue requires the production of interdisciplinary knowledge development to reduce the impacts of disasters and for risk management. In this way, since the health sector is a interdisciplinary area, it can contribute to knowledge production.
Subject(s)
Databases, Factual , Delivery of Health Care , Disasters , Libraries, Digital , Publishing/statistics & numerical data , HumansABSTRACT
Dentre as bases especializadas da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), a sobre "Desastres" indica a importância do tema para a área da saúde. O objetivo deste artigo foi identificar o perfil das publicações técnico-científicas desta base especializada. A partir de buscas sistemáticas e da análise dos resultados foi possível determinar: o tipo de publicação, os principais assuntos abordados, os tipos de desastres mais frequentes nas publicações, os países e as regiões como assunto, período histórico com mais publicações e a tendência atual das publicações. Ao explorar detalhadamente a base especializada, percebe-se que o número de assuntos principais é elevado, característica que dificulta buscas específicas dentro dela. Por outro lado, é positivo o fato de o tema desastre ser tratado de forma ampla e diversificada, associado a diferentes assuntos das ciências naturais e das ciências sociais. O tema desastre exige produção de conhecimento interdisciplinar para reduzir os impactos dos desastres e para gestão dos riscos. Deste modo, a saúde, por se tratar de uma área interdisciplinar, pode contribuir para tal produção.
In the specialized database of the Virtual Health Library (VHL), the DISASTER database highlights the importance of the theme for the health sector. The scope of this article is to identify the profiles of technical and scientific publications in the specialized database. Based on systematic searches and the analysis of results it is possible to determine: the type of publication; the main topics addressed; the most common type of disasters mentioned in published materials, countries and regions as subjects, historic periods with the most publications and the current trend of publications. When examining the specialized data in detail, it soon becomes clear that the number of major topics is very high, making a specific search process in this database a challenging exercise. On the other hand, it is encouraging that the disaster topic is discussed and assessed in a broad and diversified manner, associated with different aspects of the natural and social sciences. The disaster issue requires the production of interdisciplinary knowledge development to reduce the impacts of disasters and for risk management. In this way, since the health sector is a interdisciplinary area, it can contribute to knowledge production.
Subject(s)
Humans , Databases, Factual , Delivery of Health Care , Disasters , Libraries, Digital , Publishing/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
Os desastres naturais ainda são pouco pesquisados e compreendidos no âmbito da Saúde Coletiva no país, com impactos do curto ao longo prazos. O objetivo deste artigo é, a partir de dados sobre desastres registrados no país, analisar a inter-relação entre esses eventos e seus impactos sobre a saúde. A metodologia envolveu a sistematização de dados e informações contidos no Atlas Brasileiro dos Desastres Naturais 1991-2010 e diretamente na Secretária Nacional de Defesa Civil (SNDC). Os desastres foram organizados em quatro categorias de eventos (meteorológicos; hidrológicos; climatológicos; geofísicos/geológicos) e, para cada uma das mesmas, foram explorados os dados de afetados, morbidade, mortalidade e expostos, demonstrando diferentes tipos de impactos. Três categorias de desastres se destacaram: os eventos hidrológicos apresentaram maiores percentuais de mortalidade, morbidade e expostos; os climatológicos maiores percentuais de ocorrências e afetados; os geofísicos/geológicos maior média de expostos e óbitos por evento. Ao final propõe-se uma participação mais ativa do setor saúde na agenda política global pós-2015, particularmente as relacionadas ao desenvolvimento sustentável, mudanças climáticas e redução de riscos de desastres.
Natural disasters are still insufficiently studied and understood within the scope of public health in this country, with impacts in the short and long term. The scope of this article is to analyze the relationship between disasters and their impact on health based on disaster data recorded in the country. The methodology involved the systematization of data and information contained in the Brazilian Atlas of Natural Disasters 1991-2010 and directly from the National Department of Civil Defense (NSCD). Disasters were organized into four categories of events (meteorological; hydrological; climatological; geophysical/geological) and for each of the latter, the data for morbidity, mortality and exposure of those affected were examined, revealing different types of impacts. Three categories of disasters stood out: the hydrological events showed higher percentages of mortality, morbidity and exposure; climatological events had higher percentages of incidents and people affected; the geophysical/geological events had a higher average of exposure and deaths per event. Lastly, a more active participation of the health sector in the post-2015 global political agenda is proposed, particularly events related to sustainable development, climate change and disaster risk reduction.
Subject(s)
Humans , Disasters , Brazil , Climate , Environmental HealthABSTRACT
O Curso de Capacitação a Distância em Saúde, Desastres e Desenvolvimento do IESC/UFRJ tem um enfoque teórico-prático. A estratégia pedagógica escolhida para o curso se baseia na associação de textos teóricos com o estudo de casos. Visa oferecer conhecimentos e ferramentas que permitam formular e implementar planos e programas de redução do risco de desastres, assim como proporcionar ao profissional que atua em desastres uma visão mais ampla de atuação e das conseqüências de um desastre. Pretende-se que o aluno Entenda as responsabilidades do Setor Saúde em situações de desastres, e fortaleça sua capacidade técnica, especialmente nos âmbitos municipal e estadual frente a uma demanda crescente desses eventos.
Subject(s)
Relief Work , Disasters , Disaster Planning , Disaster Legislation , Organizations for Planning and Care in Disasters , Natural Disasters , Disaster Emergencies , Equipment and Supplies, Disasters , Firemen and Policemen in Disasters , Impact of DisastersABSTRACT
Data on disasters around the world reveal greater seriousness in countries with lower social and economic development levels. In this context, disaster risk-reduction and resilience-building policies are priorities in the sustainable development agenda, featuring among the topics selected for the Rio+20 Summit. By means of a contribution of a conceptual nature and from examples of disasters in countries with different development levels, namely the Haiti earthquake and the torrential rains in the mountain range close to Rio de Janeiro in Brazil, the scope of this article is to demonstrate how socio-environmental vulnerability creates conditions for disasters, while at the same time limiting strategies for their prevention and mitigation. Lastly, some of the measures that disaster risk reduction and resilience-building demand in a socio-environmental vulnerability context are highlighted. These involve changes in the current patterns of social, economic and environmental development geared toward ecological sustainability and social justice as pillars of sustainable development.
Subject(s)
Disaster Planning , Earthquakes , Environment , Rain , Social Change , Brazil , Conservation of Natural Resources , Haiti , HumansABSTRACT
The quest for healthier cities and citizens has contributed to the strengthening of public policies championing the bicycle as a means of transportation and offering benefits to individual wellbeing in various countries, however there is also an increased risk of accidents. The scope of this review is to analyze scientific output dealing with the relationship between cycling as a means of transportation and public health. PubMed, LILACS and SciELO were the chosen databases used in the research and 66 complete articles were selected. The results show that concern about this theme is recent, especially in developing countries. The most recurrent topics raised by the researchers were: traffic safety, public policies and the effects of cycling on health. We concluded that the decision to use the bicycle as a means of transportation occurs in a very heterogeneous manner, albeit with potentially greater impacts in developing countries where the inclusion of this theme in the research agendas related to the promotion of active transport, health and traffic safety is a matter of urgency.
Subject(s)
Bicycling , Health Promotion/methods , Public Health/methods , Transportation/methods , Humans , Public PolicyABSTRACT
Dados sobre desastres no mundo apontam para uma maior gravidade nos países com menores níveis de desenvolvimento econômico e social. Neste contexto, políticas de redução de riscos de desastres e construção da resiliência constituem prioridades na agenda do desenvolvimento sustentável, estando entre os temas eleitos para a Rio+20. O objetivo deste artigo é, através de uma contribuição de natureza conceitual e dos exemplos de desastres em países com níveis de desenvolvimento diferentes, o terremoto do Haiti e as chuvas fortes na Região Serrana (Rio de Janeiro, Brasil), demonstrar como a vulnerabilidade socioambiental cria condições para os desastres, ao mesmo tempo em que limita as estratégias para prevenção e mitigação. Ao final são apontados alguns dos desafios que a redução de riscos de desastres e a construção da resiliência exigem em contextos de vulnerabilidade socioambiental, o que inclui mudanças nos padrões de desenvolvimento social, econômico e ambiental orientados para a sustentabilidade ecológica e a justiça social como pilares do desenvolvimento sustentável.
Data on disasters around the world reveal greater seriousness in countries with lower social and economic development levels. In this context, disaster risk-reduction and resilience-building policies are priorities in the sustainable development agenda, featuring among the topics selected for the Rio+20 Summit. By means of a contribution of a conceptual nature and from examples of disasters in countries with different development levels, namely the Haiti earthquake and the torrential rains in the mountain range close to Rio de Janeiro in Brazil, the scope of this article is to demonstrate how socio-environmental vulnerability creates conditions for disasters, while at the same time limiting strategies for their prevention and mitigation. Lastly, some of the measures that disaster risk reduction and resilience-building demand in a socio-environmental vulnerability context are highlighted. These involve changes in the current patterns of social, economic and environmental development geared toward ecological sustainability and social justice as pillars of sustainable development.
Subject(s)
Humans , Disaster Planning , Earthquakes , Environment , Rain , Social Change , Brazil , Conservation of Natural Resources , HaitiABSTRACT
A busca por cidades e cidadãos mais saudáveis vem contribuindo para o fortalecimento de políticas públicas de valorização da bicicleta como meio de transporte em diferentes países, oferecendo benefícios para a promoção da saúde, mas também podendo ampliar o risco de acidentes. Esta revisão tem como objetivo analisar a produção científica que trata da relação entre o ciclismo como meio de transporte e a saúde pública. As bases de dados utilizadas foram PubMed, Lilacs e SciELO, com 66 artigos completos selecionados. Os resultados demonstram que é recente a preocupação com este tema, especialmente nos países em desenvolvimento. Os principais temas abordados pelos pesquisadores foram: segurança no trânsito, políticas públicas e os efeitos do ciclismo na saúde. Conclui-se que o padrão de utilização da bicicleta como meio de transporte ocorre de forma bastante heterogênea, mas com potenciais maiores impactos nos países em desenvolvimento, aonde torna-se urgente a inclusão deste tema nas agendas de pesquisas sobre a relação entre promoção do transporte ativo, saúde e segurança no trânsito.
The quest for healthier cities and citizens has contributed to the strengthening of public policies championing the bicycle as a means of transportation and offering benefits to individual wellbeing in various countries, however there is also an increased risk of accidents. The scope of this review is to analyze scientific output dealing with the relationship between cycling as a means of transportation and public health. PubMed, LILACS and SciELO were the chosen databases used in the research and 66 complete articles were selected. The results show that concern about this theme is recent, especially in developing countries. The most recurrent topics raised by the researchers were: traffic safety, public policies and the effects of cycling on health. We concluded that the decision to use the bicycle as a means of transportation occurs in a very heterogeneous manner, albeit with potentially greater impacts in developing countries where the inclusion of this theme in the research agendas related to the promotion of active transport, health and traffic safety is a matter of urgency.
