ABSTRACT
Resumen Introducción. La población mundial está creciendo y envejeciendo. Debido al cambio demográfico en la población, gran parte de los profesionales de ciencias de la salud trabajarán con personas mayores, aunque la mayoría de los estudiantes de estas áreas tienen poco conocimiento e interés para ocuparse de esta población. Objetivo. Analizar las actitudes hacia las personas mayores en los estudiantes del programa de Terapia Ocupacional de la Universidad de Granada en España. Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo. Se utilizó la escala de actitudes hacia el adulto mayor de Kogan (KAOP), validada al español, en 109 estudiantes de Terapia Ocupacional de la Universidad de Granada. Resultados. Los estudiantes participantes manifestaron tener, de media, una actitud neutral hacia el adulto mayor (valor KAOP 143.60±11.70). No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas por género ni por año académico (p=0.804) en los datos observados. Conclusiones. La actitud observada hacia el adulto mayor entre los estudiantes de Terapia Ocupacional de la Universidad de Granada es neutral, sin diferencias por género ni por año académico. Son necesarios estudios futuros sobre la temática para esclarecer las posibles causas de esta actitud.
Abstract Introduction: The world's population is growing and ageing. Considering this demographic change in the population, a large amount of health science professionals will work with elderly people after graduation, although most students in these areas have little knowledge and interest in this population. Objective: To analyze attitudes towards the elderly in Occupational Therapy students at the Universidad de Granada in Spain. Materials and methods: Descriptive study. The Kogan scale of attitudes toward older people (KAOP), validated in Spanish, was applied in 109 Occupational Therapy students of Universidad de Granada. Results: On average, the participating students had a neutral attitude towards older adults (KAOP value 143.60±11.70). No statistically significant differences were found by sex or academic year (p=0.804) in the observed data. Conclusions: The attitude towards the elderly observed among Occupational Therapy students at the Universidad de Granada is neutral, with no differences by sex or academic year. Further studies on the subject are necessary to elucidate the possible causes of this attitude.
ABSTRACT
Background: Obesity is associated with pain, reduction of function and quality of life in patients with osteoarthritis (OA). Aim: To describe the clinical profile of women with knee OA according to their body mass index (BMI). Material and Methods: Observational study in 308 women with knee OA. According to their BMI, they were classified as normal-weight, overweight and obese. The primary outcome measure was functionality evaluated with the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Secondary outcomes were sleep quality evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and quality of life assessed with the European Quality of Life Five Dimension (EuroQol-5D). Results: WOMAC, PSQI and EuroQol-5D scores were significantly higher in obese women. Conclusions: Overweight and obese women with OA have more sleep disorders, reduction on functionality and quality of life compared to their normal weight counterparts.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Quality of Life/psychology , Osteoarthritis, Knee/etiology , Obesity/complications , Phenotype , Sleep Wake Disorders/physiopathology , Severity of Illness Index , Body Mass Index , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Osteoarthritis, Knee/physiopathology , Osteoarthritis, Knee/psychology , Obesity/physiopathologyABSTRACT
Introduction and objective: Fatigue and balance impairment leads to a loss of independence and are important to adequately manage. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of a resistance training program on dynamic balance and fatigue in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Patients and methods: Randomized controlled trial. Forty-six patients with PD were randomly allocated to an intervention group receiving a 8-week resistance training program focused on lower limbs or to a control group. Balance was assessed using the Mini-BESTest and fatigue was assessed by the Piper Fatigue Scale. Results: Patients in the intervention group improved significantly (p<0.05) on dynamic balance (reactive postural control and total values) and perceived fatigue. Conclusions: An 8-week resistance training program was found to be effective at improving dynamic balance and fatigue in patients with PD
Antecedentes y objetivo: La inestabilidad postural y la fatiga son 2 síntomas que contribuyen a disminuir la independencia del paciente con la enfermedad de Parkinson (EP), y cuyo manejo terapéutico es importante. El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar los efectos de un programa de resistencia sobre el equilibrio y la fatiga en pacientes con EP. Pacientes y métodos: Ensayo clínico controlado aleatorizado. Cuarenta y seis pacientes con EP se distribuyeron aleatoriamente en un grupo que recibió un programa de resistencia centrado en miembros inferiores durante 8 semanas o en un grupo control. El equilibrio se evaluó usando el Mini-BESTest y la fatiga con la Escala Revisada de Piper. Resultados: Los pacientes incluidos en el grupo experimental mejoraron significativamente (p<0,05) el equilibrio (control postural reactivo y valores totales) y la fatiga percibida. Conclusiones: Un programa de resistencia fue efectivo para la mejora del equilibrio y la fatiga en pacientes con EP
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Parkinsonian Disorders/therapy , Postural Balance , Muscle Fatigue , Physical Endurance/physiology , Parkinson Disease/complicationsABSTRACT
Resumen Introducción. El envejecimiento se ha relacionado con una mayor prevalencia de deterioro cognitivo. Las personas mayores con pérdida de funciones cognitivas presentan elevadas tasas de caídas. El desarrollo de las actividades de la vida diaria engloba dos o más tareas, siendo necesarios componentes cognitivos y motores. Objetivo. Analizar el rendimiento en pruebas sencillas y duales de sujetos en entorno residencial con diferentes grados de deterioro cognitivo. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio observacional de corte transversal en ancianos institucionalizados >65 años (n=80). Se evaluó el deterioro cognitivo con el Mini-Mental State Examination y se solicitó a los participantes realizar una tarea simple y dual en las pruebas Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) y Timed Up and Go (TUG). Resultados. Se distribuyeron los participantes en tres grupos. Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los grupos con deterioro cognitivo y el grupo sin deterioro cognitivo para las pruebas 6MWT (p<0.05) y TUG (p<0.05), tanto en la tarea simple como en la tarea dual. Un peor rendimiento se asoció con una menor capacidad cognitiva. Conclusión. La severidad del deterioro cognitivo se encuentra relacionada con el desempeño en las tareas duales.
Abstract Introduction: Aging is linked to a higher prevalence of cognitive impairment. Seniors presenting with loss of cognitive functions have high fall rates. The development of activities of daily living encompasses two or more tasks that require cognitive and motor components. Objective: To analyze the performance in simple and dual tasks of subjects living in a residential environment with different degrees of cognitive impairment. Materials and methods: An observational cross-sectional study was performed in a population of institutionalized elderly >65 years (n=80). Cognitive impairment was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination and participants were asked to perform simple and dual tasks using the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) and Timed Up and Go (TUG). Results: The participants were divided into three groups. Significant differences were found between the groups with cognitive impairment and the group without cognitive impairment in the 6MWT (p<0.05) and TUG (p<0.05) tests, both in simple task and dual tasks. Poorer performance was associated with lower cognitive capacity. Conclusion: The severity of cognitive impairment is correlated to performance in dual tasks.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Fatigue and balance impairment leads to a loss of independence and are important to adequately manage. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of a resistance training program on dynamic balance and fatigue in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Randomized controlled trial. Forty-six patients with PD were randomly allocated to an intervention group receiving a 8-week resistance training program focused on lower limbs or to a control group. Balance was assessed using the Mini-BESTest and fatigue was assessed by the Piper Fatigue Scale. RESULTS: Patients in the intervention group improved significantly (p<0.05) on dynamic balance (reactive postural control and total values) and perceived fatigue. CONCLUSIONS: An 8-week resistance training program was found to be effective at improving dynamic balance and fatigue in patients with PD.
Subject(s)
Fatigue/etiology , Gait Disorders, Neurologic/etiology , Parkinson Disease/therapy , Postural Balance , Resistance Training , Sensation Disorders/etiology , Fatigue/prevention & control , Fatigue/psychology , Female , Gait Disorders, Neurologic/therapy , Humans , Male , Parkinson Disease/complications , Parkinson Disease/physiopathology , Sensation Disorders/therapy , Severity of Illness Index , Single-Blind Method , Socioeconomic Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with pain, reduction of function and quality of life in patients with osteoarthritis (OA). AIM: To describe the clinical profile of women with knee OA according to their body mass index (BMI). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Observational study in 308 women with knee OA. According to their BMI, they were classified as normal-weight, overweight and obese. The primary outcome measure was functionality evaluated with the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Secondary outcomes were sleep quality evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and quality of life assessed with the European Quality of Life Five Dimension (EuroQol-5D). RESULTS: WOMAC, PSQI and EuroQol-5D scores were significantly higher in obese women. CONCLUSIONS: Overweight and obese women with OA have more sleep disorders, reduction on functionality and quality of life compared to their normal weight counterparts.
Subject(s)
Obesity/complications , Osteoarthritis, Knee/etiology , Quality of Life/psychology , Aged , Body Mass Index , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Obesity/physiopathology , Osteoarthritis, Knee/physiopathology , Osteoarthritis, Knee/psychology , Phenotype , Severity of Illness Index , Sleep Wake Disorders/physiopathology , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of a dance-based aquatic exercise program on functionality, cardiorespiratory capacity, postexercise heart rate, and fatigue in obese postmenopausal women with knee osteoarthritis. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial was performed. In all, 34 obese women diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis participated. Women were randomly allocated to an experimental group (nâ=â17) or a control group (nâ=â17). Participants in the experimental group were included in an 8-week dance-based aquatic exercise program conducted in community swimming pools. Those in the control group underwent a global aquatic exercise program. The primary outcome measure was functionality assessed with the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC). Secondary outcomes were cardiorespiratory capacity evaluated with the 6-minute walk test, and postexercise heart rate and fatigue assessed using a visual analog scale. Variables were measured at baseline, after the intervention, and at 3-month follow-up. RESULTS: A between-group analysis showed significant postintervention differences in functionality (aggregate postintervention WOMAC score of 37.30â±â16.61 vs 41.83â±â13.69; Pâ=â0.048) in favor of the experimental group. In addition, significant between-group differences were found after the 8 weeks in cardiorespiratory capacity, postexercise heart rate, and fatigue. Follow-up continued to show significant differences between groups in function (aggregate WOMAC score of 38.60â±â13.61 vs 42.60â±â9.05; Pâ=â0.038), postexercise heart rate, and fatigue. CONCLUSIONS: An 8-week dance-based exercise program significantly improved function and cardiorespiratory capacity, and decreased postexercise heart rate and fatigue. Most of these improvements were maintained at 3-month follow-up in obese postmenopausal women.
Subject(s)
Dance Therapy/methods , Obesity/therapy , Osteoarthritis, Knee/therapy , Postmenopause , Swimming , Body Mass Index , Double-Blind Method , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Obesity/complications , Obesity/physiopathology , Osteoarthritis, Knee/etiology , Osteoarthritis, Knee/physiopathology , Pain Measurement , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Introducción. El mantenimiento de la funcionalidad física es un elemento de gran relevancia en la atención a las personas mayores, debido a que las personas inactivas tienen mayores tasas de morbimortalidad. Los programas terapéuticos de actividad física y mental han mostrado grandes resultados sobre el desarrollo y progresión de algunas enfermedades crónicas y situaciones de discapacidad. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la efectividad de un programa de 8 semanas de ejercicios con bandas elásticas sobre la capacidad de ejercicio, la marcha y el equilibrio en residentes mayores. Material y métodos. Cincuenta y un pacientes residenciales fueron distribuidos en 2 grupos, grupo intervención (n = 26) y grupo control (n = 25). El grupo intervención asistió a un programa de actividad física con bandas elásticas durante 8 semanas, con una frecuencia de 2 sesiones por semana, mientras que el grupo control fue incluido en un programa de marcha. Se recogieron variables descriptivas (características antropométricas, calidad de vida, fatiga, miedo al movimiento) y variables fundamentales (capacidad de ejercicio, marcha y equilibrio). Resultados. Tras finalizar la intervención se observaron mejoras significativas (p ≤ 0,001) en el equilibrio y en la velocidad de marcha. Adicionalmente, mejoró significativamente la capacidad de ejercicio con menores percepciones de la disnea tras actividad en el grupo intervención. Conclusiones. Un programa de actividad física de 8 semanas con bandas elásticas fue seguro y fue capaz de promover una mejora en la capacidad de ejercicio, la marcha y el equilibrio de las personas mayores (AU)
Introduction. The maintenance of the physical functionality is a key factor in the care of the elderly. Inactive people have a higher risk of death due to diseases associated with inactivity. In addition, the maintenance of optimal levels of physical and mental activity has been suggested as a protective factor against the development and progression of chronic illnesses and disability. The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of an 8-week exercise program with elastic bands, on exercise capacity, walking and balance in nursing home residents. Material and Methods. A nursing home sample was divided into two groups, intervention group (n=26) and control group (n=25). The intervention group was included in an 8-week physical activity program using elastic bands, twice a week, while the control group was took part in a walking programme. Outcome measurements were descriptive variables (anthropometric characteristics, quality of life, fatigue, fear of movement) and fundamental variables (exercise capacity, walking and balance). Results. A significant improvement in balance and walking speed was observed after the programme. Additionally, exercise capacity improved significantly (P≤.001), and the patients showed an improvement in perceived dyspnea after the physical activity programme in the intervention group. Conclusion. The exercise program was safe and effective in improving dyspnea, exercise capacity, walking, and balance in elderly (AU)
Subject(s)
Aged, 80 and over , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Motor Activity/physiology , /organization & administration , /trends , Chronic Disease/epidemiology , Chronic Disease/rehabilitation , Quality of Life , Health of Institutionalized Elderly , /standards , Indicators of Morbidity and MortalityABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The maintenance of the physical functionality is a key factor in the care of the elderly. Inactive people have a higher risk of death due to diseases associated with inactivity. In addition, the maintenance of optimal levels of physical and mental activity has been suggested as a protective factor against the development and progression of chronic illnesses and disability. The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of an 8-week exercise program with elastic bands, on exercise capacity, walking and balance in nursing home residents. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A nursing home sample was divided into two groups, intervention group (n=26) and control group (n=25). The intervention group was included in an 8-week physical activity program using elastic bands, twice a week, while the control group was took part in a walking programme. Outcome measurements were descriptive variables (anthropometric characteristics, quality of life, fatigue, fear of movement) and fundamental variables (exercise capacity, walking and balance). RESULTS: A significant improvement in balance and walking speed was observed after the programme. Additionally, exercise capacity improved significantly (P≤.001), and the patients showed an improvement in perceived dyspnea after the physical activity programme in the intervention group. CONCLUSION: The exercise program was safe and effective in improving dyspnea, exercise capacity, walking, and balance in elderly.
