ABSTRACT
Introducción: La artritis reumatoide resulta una enfermedad autoinmune, inflamatoria, crónica y progresiva, que afecta al aparato locomotor. Puede provocar deformidad, dolor y disminución de la función del pie. Su tratamiento puede ser conservador o quirúrgico. Objetivo: Demostrar la eficacia de la artrodesis de la primera articulación metatarsofalángica con la panresección metatarsal en el tratamiento quirúrgico del pie reumático. Presentación del caso: Se presentaron diez casos de pacientes con factor reumatoideo positivo, intervenidos mediante artrodesis de la primera articulación metatarsofalángica y panresección metatarsal. Se valoró el seguimiento posquirúrgico inmediato y al año de evolución. Tras la intervención se consiguió una media de satisfacción de la escala Likert de 9,3 y una media de la escala visual analógica de dolor de 2,0. Asimismo, disminuyeron considerablemente los ángulos hallux abductus valgus e intermetatarsal I-II. Conclusiones: La combinación de artrodesis de la primera articulación metatarsofalángica con la panresección metatarsal se aplica en este tipo de pacientes, ya que favorece la funcionabilidad del pie y aminora significativamente la sintomatología dolorosa(AU)
Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune, inflammatory, chronic and progressive disease that affects the locomotor system. It can cause deformity, pain, and decreased function of the foot. The treatment can be conservative or surgical. Objective: To demonstrate the efficacy of arthrodesis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint with metatarsal panresection in the surgical treatment of the rheumatoid foot. Methods: Ten cases of patients with positive rheumatoid factor who underwent arthrodesis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint and metatarsal panresection were reported. Immediate post-surgical follow-up and one year of evolution were assessed. Results: After the intervention, a mean Likert scale satisfaction of 9.3 was achieved and a visual analogue pain scale mean of 2.0. Likewise, the hallux abductus valgus and intermetatarsal I-II angles decreased considerably. Conclusions: The combination of arthrodesis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint with metatarsal panresection is used in this type of patients, since it favors the functionality of the foot and significantly reduces painful symptoms(AU)
Subject(s)
HumansABSTRACT
Introducción: Los sesamoideos del hallux son huesos constantes de pequeño tamaño y lentiformes. Se localizan en la región plantar de la cabeza del primer metatarsiano dentro de la cápsula de la primera articulación metatarsofalángica. El diagnóstico diferencial de metatarsalgia sobre el primer radio del pie, sin antecedente traumático, incluye patologías referidas a los sesamoideos y otras. Entre las primeras se encuentran principalmente la sesamoiditis, las fracturas de estrés y la necrosis avascular de los sesamoideos. Objetivo: Presentar un caso de sesamoiditis y su evolución después del tratamiento quirúrgico. Presentación del caso: Mujer de 25 años con un cuadro de fractura por estrés del sesamoideo peroneal. Tras infiltración seriada con corticoesteroides, desencadenó una necrosis séptica del sesamoideo. Se determinó realizar una sesamoidectomía por abordaje plantar. Conclusiones: La sesamoidectomía resulta una opción quirúrgica en procesos degenerativos de los sesamoideos, cuando los tratamientos conservadores son insuficientes. El abordaje plantar se considera adecuado para la extirpación del sesamoideo peroneal. Esta técnica requiere un adecuado seguimiento posoperatorio para optimizar la cicatrización plantar.
Introduction: The hallux sesamoid are constant bones of small size and lentiform. They are located in the plantar region of the first metatarsal head within the capsule of the first metatarsophalangeal joint. The differential diagnosis of metatarsalgia over the first radius of the foot, without traumatic history, includes pathologies related to the sesamoids and others. Among the former are mainly sesamoiditis, stress fractures and avascular necrosis of the sesamoids. Objective: To report a case of sesamoiditis and its evolution after surgical treatment. Case report: This the case of a 25-year-old woman with a stress fracture of the fibular sesamoid. After serial infiltration with corticosteroids, it triggered a septic sesamoid necrosis, it was decided to perform a sesamoidectomy by plantar approach. Conclusions: Sesamoidectomy is a surgical option in degenerative processes of the sesamoids, when conservative treatments are insufficient. The plantar approach is considered adequate for removal of the fibular sesamoid. This technique requires adequate postoperative follow-up to optimize plantar healing.
ABSTRACT
Introducción: Se han descrito más de 300 técnicas quirúrgicas para la corrección del hallux valgus. Una de ellas es la técnica de Austin, la cual constituye una osteotomía capital en V con una angulación de 60º utilizada en el tratamiento quirúrgico del hallux valgus leve-moderado. Objetivos: Analizar el grado de corrección que tiene la osteotomía de Austin sobre diferentes parámetros radiológicos y describir la frecuencia con la que se utilizan técnicas complementarias sobre la falange proximal. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal, observacional y retrospectivo. Se seleccionó una muestra de 29 pies intervenidos mediante la técnica de Austin, a los que se les realizaron varias mediciones sobre sus radiografías pre y posoperatorias con AutoCAD®. Resultados: Se obtuvieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en todos los parámetros evaluados. Conclusiones: Esta técnica corrige significativamente todos los parámetros analizados. Se demuestra que el uso de técnicas quirúrgicas complementarias sobre la falange proximal es bastante frecuente al realizar esta osteotomía(AU)
Introduction: More than 300 surgical techniques have been described for the correction of hallux valgus. One of them is the Austin technique, which constitutes a capital V osteotomy with an angulation of 60º used in the surgical treatment of mild-moderate hallux valgus. Objectives: To analyze the degree of correction that Austin osteotomy has on different radiological parameters and to describe the frequency with which complementary techniques are used on the proximal phalanx. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, observational and retrospective study was carried out in a sample of 29 feet operated on using the Austin technique. Several measurements were made on their pre- and postoperative radiographs with AutoCAD®. Results: Statistically significant differences were obtained in all the parameters evaluated. Conclusions: This technique significantly corrects all the parameters analyzed. It is shown that the use of complementary surgical techniques on the proximal phalanx is quite frequent when performing this osteotomy(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Middle Aged , Osteotomy/methods , Hallux Valgus/surgery , Foot/diagnostic imaging , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Observational Studies as TopicABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: This study aimed to identify the biochemical factors measured at hospital admission that could predict diabetes ketoacidosis (DKA) resolution time in adult patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study included 79 patients >18 years of age. Multivariate analyses were performed to determine which variables might predict DKA resolution time. Biochemical parameters between the two DKA resolution time groups were compared. RESULTS: Using multiple linear regression models, acidosis time was found to decrease by 29 h if the pH value increased by one unit, 0.64 h if the base excess (BE) value increased by 1 mmol, and 1.09 h if the bicarbonate (HCO3-) value increased by 1 mmol. The biochemical parameters that differed between the two groups were pH, HCO3-, and BE. Patients with delayed resolution of DKA had a blood pH of 7.1 (±0.18), HCO3- of 5.1 mmol (2.9-11.6 mmol), and BE of -21.5 mmol (-28.2 to -14.4 mmol) at hospital admission. CONCLUSIONS: Lower pH, HCO3-, and BE values at hospital admission may predict longer DKA resolution times in adult patients. In addition, BE may predict DKA severity.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus , Diabetic Ketoacidosis , Adult , Diabetic Ketoacidosis/diagnosis , Hospitalization , Hospitals , Humans , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
La evidencia sobre los posibles mecanismos de utilización de los ácidos grasos Omega 3 para mediar la obesidad requiere continuar con estudios clínicos con metodologías concretas. El objetivo fue evaluar mediante impedancia bioeléctrica el efecto de la suplementación de omega 3 sobre el Indicé de Masa Corporal (IMC), Índice Cintura Cadera (ICC) y composición corporal en mujeres obesas. Participaron 60 mujeres obesas adultas (IMC >30 Kg/m²) que fueron aleatorizadas en 3 grupos: Grupo 1) placebo, vitamina E (200 UI), Grupo 2) 1 g de omega 3) y Grupo 3) 2 g de omega 3. Todas recibieron dieta hipocalórica y ejercicio moderado. Se midieron; peso, IMC, índice cintura cadera y distribución grasa al inicio y cada mes por tres meses. Los resultados muestran que la suplementación con omega 3 tuvo una relación dosis respuesta disminuyendo significativamente el peso, IMC y la masa grasa total, en comparación con el grupo control. Estos efectos dependieron del tiempo y cantidad de Omega 3 suplementada, cuando se ajustó por el grado de cumplimiento de ejercicio, apego a la dieta y edad. Concluimos que la suplementación con Omega 3 es un coadyuvante eficaz en el manejo de la obesidad en mujeres premenopáusicas.
Evidence on the possible mechanisms for the use of Omega 3 fatty acids to mediate obesity requires clinical studies continue with specific methodologies. The aim was to assess the effect of omega-3 supplementation on Body Mass Index (BMI), Wais - Hip Index (WHI) and body composition of obese women using bioelectrical impedance. Subjects 60 premenopausal obese women (BMI > 30Kg/m²) were randomly assigned to 3 groups: Group 1) placebo, vitamin E (200 IU), group 2) 1 g of omega and group 3) 2 g of omega-3. All of them received a low calorie diet and moderate exercise. Weight, BMI, WHI, and fat distribution were measured at the beginning and every month for three months. The results show us Omega-3 supplementation significantly reduced weight, BMI, and total fat mass, compared to the control group, a dose-response effect. These effects depended on the time and amount of Omega 3 supplemented, when the degree of compliance of exercise, adherence to the diet and age were controlled. In conclusion the supplementation with omega- 3 is an efficient method in the management of obesity in premenopausal women.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Young Adult , Dietary Supplements , /administration & dosage , Obesity/diet therapy , Body Composition , Body Mass Index , Double-Blind Method , Energy Intake , Exercise , Treatment Outcome , Waist CircumferenceABSTRACT
Evidence on the possible mechanisms for the use of Omega 3 fatty acids to mediate obesity requires clinical studies continue with specific methodologies. The aim was to assess the effect of omega-3 supplementation on Body Mass Index (BMI), Wais - Hip Index (WHI) and body composition of obese women using bioelectrical impedance. Subjects 60 premenopausal obese women (BMI > 30Kg/m2) were randomly assigned to 3 groups: Group 1) placebo, vitamin E (200 IU), group 2) 1 g of omega and group 3) 2 g of omega-3. All of them received a low calorie diet and moderate exercise. Weight, BMI, WHI, and fat distribution were measured at the beginning and every month for three months. The results show us Omega-3 supplementation significantly reduced weight, BMI, and total fat mass, compared to the control group, a dose-response effect. These effects depended on the time and amount of Omega 3 supplemented, when the degree of compliance of exercise, adherence to the diet and age were controlled. In conclusion the supplementation with omega-3 is an efficient method in the management of obesity in premenopausal women.
Subject(s)
Dietary Supplements , Fatty Acids, Omega-3/administration & dosage , Obesity/diet therapy , Adult , Body Composition , Body Mass Index , Double-Blind Method , Energy Intake , Exercise , Female , Humans , Treatment Outcome , Waist Circumference , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: [corrected] Determine the extent to which levels of glycosylated hemoglobin levels among type 2 sedentary diabetic patients change when performing aerobic exercises two or three times a week. SETTING: Mexican Institute Social Security, Family Medicine Unit, primary care level. STUDY DESIGN: Controlled clinical trial. METHODS AND SUBJETS: Two groups of 25 participants carried out a comprehensive exercise routine 2 or 3 times per week in alternate days. Measurements were done at baseline, 8 and 16 weeks. HbA1c, aerobic capacity, BMI and compliance were assesed. OUTCOME: There was no significant difference in HbA1c between the two study groups, however both groups showed lower levels of HbA1c when comparing their baseline and follow up levels (p < 0.001). No significant association was found between Hb1Ac, aerobic capacity or BMI. Compliance was higher among the group exercising 2 days. CONCLUSION: Moderate aerobic exercise was well tolerated showing a significant decrease on HbA1c even among the 2 day group.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy , Exercise Therapy/methods , Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Objetivo. Determinar el cambio en la hemoglobina glucosilada (HbA1c) en pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 sedentarios al realizar ejercicio aeróbico 2 o 3 veces por semana en días alternos. Se realizó en la Unidad de Medicina Familiar del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social en San Luis Potosí, con el diseño de un ensayo clínico controlado. Material y métodos. Se integraron dos grupos (n = 25) de ejercicio de 2 y 3 veces por semana en días alternos. Mediciones de los valores basales, 8 y 16 semanas de hemoglobina glucosilada A1c (HbA1c), capacidad aeróbica, índice de masa corporal (IMC) y cumplimiento. Resultados. No se encontró diferencia significativa en HbA1c entre los dos grupos de estudio, pero sí al comparar sus valores basales (p <0.001). No se encontró correlación significativa entre la HbA1c y el cambio de capacidad aeróbica o el IMC. El porcentaje de cumplimiento fue mayor en el grupo de 2 días de ejercicio. Conclusiones. El ejercicio aeróbico de intensidad moderada es bien tolerado, obteniendo una reducción significativa de HbA1c y se constata mejor cumplimiento en el grupo de 2 días.
OBJECTIVE: Determine the extent to which levels of glycosylated hemoglobin levels among type 2 sedentary diabetic patients change when performing aerobic exercises two or three times a week. SETTING: Mexican Institute Social Security, Family Medicine Unit, primary care level. STUDY DESIGN: Controlled clinical trial. METHODS AND SUBJETS: Two groups of 25 participants carried out a comprehensive exercise routine 2 or 3 times per week in alternate days. Measurements were done at baseline, 8 and 16 weeks. HbA1c, aerobic capacity, BMI and compliance were assesed. OUTCOME: There was no significant difference in HbA1c between the two study groups, however both groups showed lower levels of HbA1c when comparing their baseline and follow up levels (p < 0.001). No significant association was found between Hb1Ac, aerobic capacity or BMI. Compliance was higher among the group exercising 2 days. CONCLUSION: Moderate aerobic exercise was well tolerated showing a significant decrease on HbA1c even among the 2 day group.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , /blood , /therapy , Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis , Exercise Therapy/methods , Time FactorsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To compare the frequency of periodontal disease in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients with and without metabolic control, having a control group of healthy patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prolective cross sectional study with simple random sampling was carried out; patients were divided in three groups: A). Forty healthy subjects, B). Twenty diabetic patients with metabolic control, and C). Twenty diabetic patients without metabolic control. The diabetic subjects were evaluated with glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb) to determine the glucose control; clinical periodontal evaluations were performed for all teeth in each subject and following indexes were included: Plaque, gingival, mobility, probing depth, attachment level, bleeding on probing, and marginal bone loss. RESULTS: The imbalance of glucose of subjects with diabetes mellitus type 1 was associated with more frequency of periodontal disease (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The population of type 1 diabetes mellitus with imbalance of glucose showed association with periodontal disease.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/drug therapy , Periodontal Diseases/prevention & control , Adolescent , Adult , Blood Glucose/analysis , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dental Plaque/microbiology , Dental Plaque Index , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications , Disease Susceptibility , Female , Gingival Diseases/epidemiology , Gingival Diseases/etiology , Gingival Diseases/prevention & control , Gingival Hemorrhage/epidemiology , Gingival Hemorrhage/etiology , Gingival Hemorrhage/prevention & control , Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis , Humans , Insulin/therapeutic use , Male , Mexico/epidemiology , Periodontal Diseases/epidemiology , Periodontal Diseases/etiology , Periodontal Pocket/epidemiology , Periodontal Pocket/prevention & control , Periodontitis/epidemiology , Periodontitis/etiology , Periodontitis/prevention & control , Prospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To compare the frequency of periodontal disease in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients with and without metabolic control, having a control group of healthy patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prolective cross sectional study with simple random sampling was carried out; patients were divided in three groups: A). Forty healthy subjects, B). Twenty diabetic patients with metabolic control, and C). Twenty diabetic patients without metabolic control. The diabetic subjects were evaluated with glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb) to determine the glucose control; clinical periodontal evaluations were performed for all teeth in each subject and following indexes were included: Plaque, gingival, mobility, probing depth, attachment level, bleeding on probing, and marginal bone loss. RESULTS: The imbalance of glucose of subjects with diabetes mellitus type 1 was associated with more frequency of periodontal disease (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The population of type 1 diabetes mellitus with imbalance of glucose showed association with periodontal disease.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 , Periodontal Diseases/prevention & control , Periodontal Pocket , Periodontitis , Blood Glucose , Glycated Hemoglobin , Gingival Hemorrhage , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 , Disease Susceptibility , Insulin , Mexico , Gingival Diseases/epidemiology , Gingival Diseases/etiology , Gingival Diseases/prevention & control , Periodontal Diseases/epidemiology , Periodontal Diseases/etiology , Dental Plaque Index , Dental Plaque/microbiologyABSTRACT
La necesidad de realizar materiales para la enseñanza es cada vez más apremiante. La aparición de poderosas herramientas y tecnologías que pueden ponerse en función de ese objetivo es cada vez mayor. Las aplicaciones de Internet y sus recursos es una de ellas. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo principal la elaboración de un curso a distancia asistido por computadoras sobre endodoncia en odontopediatría en páginas Web dinámicas, bajo los principios del nuevo paradigma teleinformático, que cumpla con los requisitos metodológicos y pedagógicos establecidos y que constribuya en alguna medida a la solución del problema de la actualización postgraduada de los profesionales. Su diseño fue concebido y ejecutado en formato HTML para página Web dinámicas, esta novedosa plataforma permitió el empleo de los recursos de la multimedia, brindando una mayor interactividad. .. (AU)
Subject(s)
Computer Literacy , Endodontics , Pediatric DentistryABSTRACT
El desarrollo de la ciencia y la técnica hace necesario cada vez más realizar materiales para la enseñanza de las Ciencias Médicas. La aparición de poderosas herramientas y tecnologías que pueden ponerse en función de ese objetivo es cada vez mayor. Internet y sus recursos es una de ellas. Este trabajo describe como utilizar estas herramientas en función de la enseñanza y propone una metodología para la Explotación de los Sitios Web. Como resultado final se obtuvo un sitio siguiendo la anterior metodología , el cual se utiliza en la actualidad para la superación postgraduada de los profesionales de la salud de nuestra provincia, instalado en la Internet de Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Ciego de Avila (AU)