Effects of a Residential Multimodal Psychological Treatment in an Addicted Population, at 6 and 12 Months: Differences Between Men and Women.

The aim of this study is to explore the effects of a residential multimodal treatment intervention for an addict population. We gathered participants from the "Programa Base" (n = 166) of the Solidarity and Reinsertion Foundation of Murcia, and assessed the various problematic areas with the EuropASI at baseline level, 6 months and 12 months of treatment. We found improved outcomes in every area except for Legal Status. In addition, we found differences between male and female participants in their baseline evaluation, as well as between completers and non-completers. In conclusion, this data shows us some changes which occurred in individuals with problematic drug use during treatment, going further into the complex social reality which causes great suffering and damage to people and their families.

Self-perceived and reported mental health in older adults

Son numerosos los trabajos que evalúan la salud mental de las personas mayores, pero relativamente escasos los que lo hacen desde una perspectiva multi-informante. En este trabajo se analizaron las discrepan-cias en la autopercepción y la percepción que tienen otros de la salud men-tal de las personas mayores, en dos franjas de edad, diferenciando por se-xos, lugar de residencia y se analizaron las relaciones entre diferentes esca-las que miden psicopatología y competencias psicosociales. Se empleó una muestra de 288 personas mayores entre 60-95 años (154 mujeres, 53.47%) pertenecientes a 12 municipios de la Región de Murcia, y se empleó el cuestionario OlderAdultSelf-Report(OASR) para medir la psicopatología de las personas mayores y el instrumentoOlderAdultBeha-viorChecklist(OABCL) para conocer la percepción de la familia de estos problemas.Los resultados reflejan que existen diferentes percepciones de la salud men-tal entre personas mayores y sus familiares, que empeoran al aumentar la edad, la situación de riesgo psicosocial y el género femenino. Esto refleja la necesidad de desarrollar protocolos de tratamiento específicos para cada género y situación de riesgo psicosocial, con el fin de atender las necesida-des diferenciales de salud mental de las personas mayores.(AU)

Several studies assess mental health in older adults, but relatively few do so from a multi-informant perspective. In this work, discrepancies in self-perception and third-person perception of the mental health of older adults were analyzed in two age groups and differentiated by sex and place of residence. Relationships between different scales that measure psychopathology and psychosocial competencies were also analyzed.A sample of 288 older people aged between 60-95 years old (154 women, 53.47%) belonging to 12 municipalities in the Region of Murcia was em-ployed, and the Older Adult Self-Report (OASR) questionnaire was used to measure the psychopathology of older people and the Older Adult Be-havior Checklist (OABCL) instrument to find out thefamily's perception of these problems.Outcomes show different perceptions of mental health among older peo-ple and their families, which worsen with increasing age, psychosocial risk status and female gender. This reflects the need to develop specific treat-ment protocols for each gender and psychosocial risk situation, in order to address the differential mental health needs in older people.(AU)

Consecuencias del maltrato crónico intrafamiliar en la infancia: Trauma del desarrollo / Consequences of chronic intra-family abuse in childhood: Developmental trauma

Los traumas tempranos y repetidos en el contexto de las relaciones de apego impactan de una manera dramática en el desarrollo de los niños/as, generando una diversidad de manifestaciones psicopatológicas complejas, que se incluyen en la última versión de la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades (CIE-11) como un diagnóstico nuevo denominado Trastorno por Estrés Postraumático Complejo (TEPT-C). Los objetivos del presente trabajo fueron, por un lado, ofrecer una revisión de la sintomatología pos-traumática que se desarrolla por la exposición a estos eventos traumáticos, y, por otro, recapitular la evidencia empírica existente del TEPT-C o Trastorno Traumático del Desarrollo (TTD). Los resultados de los estudios revisados confirman la presencia de síntomas extensos y heterogéneos, así como graves alteraciones en la autorregulación (afectiva, cognitiva y conductual), que se ajustan a un TEPT Complejo o TTD, por lo que los datos existentes apoyarían la validez de dichos diagnósticos

Repeated and early attachment trauma has a huge impact on children's development, producing a wide range of psychopathology, which is included as a new diagnosis called complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) in the 11th revision to the World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). The aim of this study is to provide a review of the posttraumatic symptomatology caused by exposure to complex traumatic events and to summarize the existing empirical evidence on CPTSD and developmental trauma disorder (DTD). The results of the reviewed studies confirm the presence of extensive and heterogeneous symptoms, as well as serious affective, cognitive, and behavioral self-regulation alterations, which correspond to complex PTSD or DTD. Therefore, the current data support the validity of these diagnostic proposals

Prevalencia y características de los síntomas externalizantes en la infancia. Diferencias de género / Prevalence and characteristics of externalizing symptoms in childhood. Gender differences

En este trabajo se exponen las características de los síndromes empíricos de tipo externalizante, así como su prevalencia en una muestra clínica pediátrica. Se utilizó como instrumento el Inventario Clínico Infantil (ICI), basado en la segunda parte del Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), que evalúa comportamientos y emociones. Se ha aplicado a 300 niños y niñas de edades comprendidas entre los 6 y 12 años, de la Unidad de Psicología Clínica Infantil del HospitalUniversitario de Murcia. Mediante la realización de un análisis factorial se han obtenido tres síndromes empíricos equivalentes a los tres trastornos del comportamiento perturbador: Disocial, Oposicionismo-Desafiante y Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad. Se han obtenido diferentes prevalencias estimadas a partir de puntuaciones propias de la muestra (18,1%,18,5% y 14,5%, respectivamente); y de las correspondientes al percentil 98 del CBCL (44%,28,3% y 40,6%). No hay diferencias entre niños y niñas en Problemas de Conducta (Disocial),mientras que es superior en niños en Oposicionismo-Desafiante. En Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad los niños presentan una prevalencia más alta que las niñas según corrección CBCL (49,3% y 34,3%), mientras que más niñas presentan este problema mediante el síndrome empírico hallado en la muestra clínica (19,8% frente a 12,2% niños) (AU)

This report shows the characteristics of the empirical type externalizing syndromes, and the diagnostic prevalence rates in a clinic pediatric sample. The instrument used was the ClinicalChild Inventory (ICI) that is based on the second part of the Child Behavior Checklist, to assess behavior and emotions. It was carried out by 300 subjects (males and females, aged 6 to 12 of the Clinical Child Psychology Unit of University Hospital of Murcia, from the consultation pediatric hospital. By conducing factor analysis, three externalizing syndromes that are equal to three disruptive behavior disorders were found: dissocial, oppositional defiant and Attention deficit/hyperactivity. It has been obtained different prevalences estimated from punctuation obtained from our sample (18.1; 18.5 and 14.5 respectively); and the score equal to 98 percentile of CBCL (44%; 28,3% y 40,6%). The results indicate that there are not differences between boys and girls in dissocial disorders; while the oppositional defiant disorder is more prevalent in boys than in girls. About Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, it was found that is more prevalent in boys than in girls using CBCL (49,3% and 34,3%), and more prevalent in girls than in boys using empirical syndrome obtained in this clinic sample (19,8% girls, 12,2% boys) (AU)

[Prevalence and characteristics of externalizing symptoms in childhood. Gender differences]. / Prevalencia y características de los síntomas externalizantes en la infancia. Diferencias de género.

This report shows the characteristics of the empirical type externalizing syndromes, and the diagnostic prevalence rates in a clinic pediatric sample. The instrument used was the Clinical Child Inventory (ICI) that is based on the second part of the Child Behavior Checklist, to assess behavior and emotions. It was carried out by 300 subjects (males and females, aged 6 to 12 of the Clinical Child Psychology Unit of University Hospital of Murcia, from the consultation pediatric hospital. By conducing factor analysis, three externalizing syndromes that are equal to three disruptive behavior disorders were found: dissocial, oppositional defiant and Attention-deficit/hyperactivity. It has been obtained different prevalences estimated from punctuation obtained from our sample (18.1; 18.5 and 14.5 respectively); and the score equal to 98 percentile of CBCL (44%; 28.3% y 40.6%). The results indicate that there are not differences between boys and girls in dissocial disorders; while the oppositional defiant disorder is more prevalent in boys than in girls. About Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, it was found that is more prevalent in boys than in girls using CBCL (49.3% and 34.3%), and more prevalent in girls than in boys using empirical syndrome obtained in this clinic sample (19.8% girls, 12.2% boys).