ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Hallux valgus (HV) is one of the most prevalent forefoot deformities, and its frequency increases with age, reaching nearly 23% in adulthood (females are usually more affected). Studies on customised insoles and orthoses for HV showed inconclusive results. There is no consensus in literature regarding the ideal insole or length of use for pain relief or functional improvement in individuals with HV. This study will assess the effects of a customised insole with retrocapital bar associated with an infracapital bar of the first metatarsal on pain and function of individuals with symptomatic HV. METHODS: This is the protocol for a blinded, sham-controlled randomised clinical trial. Eighty participants with symptomatic HV will be randomised into two groups (40 per group): customised insole or sham insole. Assessments will be performed at baseline (T0), six (T6) and 12 weeks (T12) of intervention. A follow-up will occur after 4 weeks of intervention (T16). The primary and secondary outcomes will be pain (Numerical Pain Scale) and function (Foot Function Index), respectively. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Analysis of variance with a mixed design or Friedman's test will be considered according to data distribution; post-hoc analyses will be performed using Bonferroni test. Time × group interaction and within-group and between-group differences will also be assessed. The intent-to-treat analysis will be used. A significance level of 5% and 95% s will be adopted for all statistical analyses. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This protocol was approved by the research ethics committee of the Faculty of Health Sciences of Trairi/Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN/FACISA; opinion number 5411306). The study results will be disseminated to participants, submitted to a peer-reviewed journal and presented in scientific meetings. TRIAL REGISTRATIONS NUMBER: NCT05408156.
Subject(s)
Hallux Valgus , Metatarsal Bones , Female , Humans , Foot , Pain , Orthotic Devices , Treatment Outcome , Randomized Controlled Trials as TopicABSTRACT
RESUMO A avaliação do movimento é importante e necessária para identificar os riscos de lesão possibilitando a elaboração de programas de exercícios preventivos e corretivos, visando a melhora do desempenho das atividades funcionais e o consequente bem-estar. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar e comparar a incidência do valgo dinâmico do joelho em mulheres praticantes de musculação e mulheres sedentárias, e identificar os sintomas álgicos e o potencial de lesão associados a essa alteração biomecânica. Sessenta mulheres foram divididas em dois grupos: praticantes de musculação e sedentárias, com idade entre 18 e 30 anos. Os dados foram coletados utilizando-se o sistema Functional Movement Screen e foram submetidos a análises estatísticas descritiva e inferencial. O valgo dinâmico do joelho é apresentado por 60% das mulheres sedentárias, quando comparadas às mulheres praticantes de musculação (33,3%), demonstrando associação entre o valgo dinâmico e o sedentarismo (p<0,03). Não houve associação entre a dor e o valgo dinâmico do joelho (p>0,06) para ambos os grupos. Das mulheres sedentárias, 50,0% apresentaram escore FMS abaixo de seis pontos, representando alto risco de lesão. Conclui-se que mulheres sedentárias apresentam maior predisposição ao valgismo dinâmico do joelho, maior sintomatologia dolorosa e maior risco de lesão nos membros inferiores.
RESUMEN La evaluación del movimiento se hace importante y necesaria para la identificación de los riesgos de lesión, posibilitando la elaboración de programas de ejercicios preventivos y correctivos, buscando la mejora del desempeño de las actividades funcionales y el consiguiente bienestar. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar y comparar la incidencia del valgo dinámico de la rodilla en mujeres practicantes de musculación y mujeres sedentarias, e identificar los síntomas álgicos y el potencial de lesión asociados a esa alteración biomecánica. Sesenta mujeres fueron divididas en dos grupos: practicantes de musculación y sedentarias, con edad entre 18 y 30 años. Los datos fueron recolectados a través del sistema Functional Movement Screen y sometidos a análisis estadístico descriptivo e inferencial. El valgo dinámico de la rodilla fue presentado por el 60% de las mujeres sedentarias y por el 33,3% de las mujeres practicantes de musculación, demostrando asociación entre el valgo dinámico y el sedentarismo (p<0,03). En los dos grupos no hubo asociación entre el dolor y el valgo dinámico de la rodilla (p>0,06). De las mujeres sedentarias, el 50% presentó puntuación FMS menor que seis puntos, representando alto riesgo de lesión. Se concluye que las mujeres sedentarias presentan mayor predisposición al valgo dinámico de la rodilla, mayor sintomatología dolorosa y mayor riesgo de lesión en los miembros inferiores.
ABSTRACT Movement evaluation is important and necessary to identify the risks of injury, enabling the elaboration of preventive and corrective exercise programs, aiming to improve the performance of functional activities and consequent well-being. This study aimed to analyze and compare the incidence of dynamic knee valgus in bodybuilders and sedentary women, as well as to identify the pain symptoms and the potential for injury associated with this biomechanical change. Sixty women were divided into two groups: bodybuilders and sedentary, aged 18 to 30. Data collection consisted of Functional Movement Screen (FMS) and the data were subjected to descriptive and inferential analysis. A total of 60% of sedentary women had dynamic knee valgus, with a predominance of bodybuilders (33.3%), showing an association between dynamic valgus and sedentary lifestyle (p<0.03). There was no association between pain and dynamic knee valgus (p>0.06) for both groups. 50.0% women and sedentary had a FMS score below six points, representing a high risk of injury. It is concluded that sedentary women are more predisposed to dynamic knee valgus, as well as greater pain symptomatology and greater risk of lower limbs injury.
