Cytotoxicity and Chemotaxonomic Significance of Saponins from Wild and Cultured Asparagus Shoots.

The shoots of Asparagus L. are consumed worldwide, although most species belonging to this genus have a restricted range, and several taxa remain unstudied. In this work, a total of four taxa from different locations were scrutinized and compared with cultivated A. officinalis. All shoots were screened for saponins via LC-MS, and in vitro antiproliferative activities against the HT-29 colorectal cancer cell line were assessed via the MTT assay. The total saponins (TS) contained in the crude extracts ranged from 710.0 (A. officinalis) to 1258.6 mg/100 g dw (A. acutifolius). The richness of the compounds detected in this work stands out; a total of 47 saponins have been detected and quantified in the edible parts (shoots) of five taxa of Asparagus. The structure of all the saponins found present skeletons of the furostane and spirostane type. In turn, the structures with a furostane skeleton are divided into unsaturated and dioxygenated types, both in the 20-22 position. The sum of dioscin and derivatives varied largely among the studied taxa, reaching the following percentages of TS: 27.11 (A. officinalis), 18.96 (A. aphyllus), 5.37 (A. acutifolius), and 0.59 (A. albus); while in A. horridus, this compound remains undetected. Aspachiosde A, D, and M varied largely among samples, while a total of seven aspaspirostanosides were characterized in the analyzed species. The hierarchical cluster analysis of the saponin profiles clearly separated the various taxa and demonstrated that the taxonomic position is more important than the place from which the samples were acquired. Thus, saponin profiles have chemotaxonomic significance in Asparagus taxa. The MTT assay showed dose- and time-dependent inhibitory effects of all saponins extracts on HT-29 cancer cells, and the strongest cell growth inhibition was exercised by A. albus and A. acutifolius (GI50 of 125 and 175 µg/mL). This work constitutes a whole approach to evaluating the saponins from the shoots of different Asparagus taxa and provides arguments for using them as functional foods.

Morbidity induced by the infiltration of foreign substances into the buttocks: A systematic review.

The infiltration of substances into the buttocks for esthetic purposes can cause local or systemic damage. These infiltrated substances, known as adjuvants, foreign substances, and polymers, often lack sufficient and frequently controversial evidence. To identify the systemic complications associated with substances locally infiltrated in the buttocks for treatment, we conducted a systematic review following the PRISMA criteria. Of 275 publications, 29 met the eligibility criteria: 3 systematic reviews, 6 case series, and 20 case reports. The study comprises 463 cases, mainly women (87%), with an average age of 39.94 years. The average time between infiltrations was 7.65 years. Infiltrated substances included silicone, oils, methyl methacrylate, guaiacol, sodium gadolinium, collagen, paraffin, and other unknown substances. The complications fell into three categories: local, systemic with inflammatory-immune response, and renal damage due to hypercalcemia induced by the granulomatosis caused by the substance. Treatment lacked uniformity, mainly focusing on the main effect. Surgical resection of affected tissue resulted in local and systemic improvement (renal, hypercalcemia, or inflammatory-immune) for most patients. Patients who received comprehensive treatment based on inflammatory-immune control, control of renal involvement, and resection of the tissue area that contained large amounts of the infiltrated substance had a better prognosis than those with diffuse infiltration and delayed treatment.

Valoración de la formación de niños en reanimación cardiopulmonar mediante cuentos y dibujos animados / Impact of training schoolchildren how to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation using stories and animated cartoons

Fundamento. El objetivo de este estudioes compararlos resulta-dos obtenidos en escolares formados en RCP por progenitores en el ambiente familiar y por profesores en el ambiente educativo. Método. Estudio aleatorizado del aprendizaje de RCP en escolares de Educación Primaria (1º y 2º curso) de la Región de Murcia. Los progenitores (grupo familia, GF) y profesores (grupo maestros, GM) han participado como formadores a través de un material di-dáctico adaptado para escolares (un cuento y un vídeo de dibujos animados) de la serie educativa Jacinto y sus Amigos©. Se evaluaron ocho conocimientos y cinco habilidades prácticas.Resultados. Se seleccionaron 160 escolares y terminaron el estudio 116; el GF presentó 51,3% de pérdidas. Los escolares formados por el GM obtuvieron puntuaciones medianas significativamente ma-yores tanto en conocimiento teórico (6,7; RIC=1,8 vs 4,7; RIC=3,1; p<0,001) como en todas las habilidades prácticas a excepción de reconocer un situación de emergencia. En el GF, la enseñanza sobre RCP con un cuento y un vídeo de dibujos animados logró puntua-ciones significativamente mejores en cinco conocimientos y en cuatro habilidades que con solo un cuento.Conclusiones. La implementación de recursos educativos no tec-nológicos, cómo cuentos y dibujos animados, en la enseñanza de la RCP en escolares de primaria aumenta los conocimientos y habili-dades. Los escolares formados por los maestros en el ámbito edu-cativo han aprendido significativamente más que los formados por la familia y, dentro del ámbito familiar, la enseñanza sobre RCP fue más eficaz mediante un cuento y un vídeo de dibujos animados que cuando simplemente disponen del cuento (AU)

Background. We compared the outcome of training schoolchil-dren how to perform CPR by parents/legal guardians in the family environment versus by teachers at school.Methods. Randomized study of CPR learning in primary school children (1st and 2nd grades) in the Region of Murcia. Parents/legal guardians (family group) and teachers (teacher group) trained the children using didactic material adapted for that age population (one story and one cartoon video) from the educational series Jacinto y sus Amigos©. We evaluated eight theoretical knowledge questions and five practical skills.Results. One hundred and sixty schoolchildren were selected and 116 completed the study; in the family group, 51.3% did not fin-ish the study. Children trained by teachers obtained significantly higher median scores in comparison with the family group both in theoretical knowledge (6.7; IQR=1.8 vs 4.7; IQR=3.1, respective-ly; p < 0.001) and in all practical skills except for “recognizing an emergency situation”. Children in the family group, learning CPR with one story and one cartoon video achieved significantly better scores in five theoretical knowledge questions and four skills than with only the story.Conclusions. Using non-technological educational resources, e.g., stories and animated cartoons for teaching CPR to primary school students, increases their knowledge and skills. Schoolchildren trained in the educational environment acquired more knowledge and skills than those trained by parents. Within the family environ-ment, CPR teaching was more effective through one story and one cartoon video than when only the story was used (AU)

[Impact of training schoolchildren how to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation using stories and animated cartoons].

BACKGROUND: We compared the outcome of training schoolchildren how to perform CPR by parents/legal guardians in the family environment versus by teachers at school. METHODS: Randomized study of CPR learning in primary school children (1st and 2nd grades) in the Region of Murcia. Parents/legal guardians (family group) and teachers (teacher group) trained the children using didactic material adapted for that age population (one story and one cartoon video) from the educational series Jacinto y sus Amigos©. We evaluated eight theoretical knowledge items and five practical skills. RESULTS: One hundred and sixty schoolchildren were selected and 116 completed the study; in the family group, 51.3% did not finish the study. Children trained by teachers obtained significantly higher median scores in comparison with the family group both in theoretical knowledge (6.7; IQR=1.8 vs 4.7; IQR=3.1, respectively; p < 0.001) and in all practical skills except for "recognizing an emergency situation". Children in the family group, learning CPR with one story and one cartoon video achieved significantly better scores in five theoretical knowledge items and four skills than with only the story. CONCLUSIONS: Using non-technological educational resources, e.g., stories and animated cartoons for teaching CPR to primary school students, increases their knowledge and skills. Schoolchildren trained in the educational environment acquired more knowledge and skills than those trained by parents. Within the family environment, CPR teaching was more effective through one story and one cartoon video than when only the story was used.

The Potential of ICP-MS as a Complementary Tool in Nanoparticle-Protein Corona Analysis.

The prolific applicability of nanomaterials has made them a common citizen in biological systems, where they interact with proteins forming a biological corona complex. These complexes drive the interaction of nanomaterials with and within the cells, bringing forward numerous potential applications in nanobiomedicine, but also arising toxicological issues and concerns. Proper characterization of the protein corona complex is a great challenge typically handled with the combination of several techniques. Surprisingly, despite inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) being a powerful quantitative technique whose application in nanomaterials characterization and quantification has been consolidated in the last decade, its application to nanoparticle-protein corona studies is scarce. Furthermore, in the last decades, ICP-MS has experienced a turning point in its capabilities for protein quantification through sulfur detection, hence becoming a generic quantitative detector. In this regard, we would like to introduce the potential of ICP-MS in the nanoparticle protein corona complex characterization and quantification complementary to current methods and protocols.

AF4-UV/VIS-MALS-ICPMS/MS for the characterization of the different nanoparticulated species present in oligonucleotide-gold nanoparticle conjugates.

In-depth characterization of functionalized nanomaterials is still a remaining challenge in nanobioanalytical chemistry. In this work, we propose the online coupling of Asymmetric Flow Field-Flow Fractionation (AF4) with UV/Vis, Multiangle Light Scattering (MALS) and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS/MS) detectors to carry out, in less than 10 min and directly in the functionalization reaction mixture, the complete characterization of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized with oligonucleotides and surface-modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG). AF4 separation provided full separation of the bioconjugates from the original AuNPs while P/Au and S/Au ICP-MS/MS ratios in the bioconjugate fractographic peaks could be used to compute the corresponding stoichiometries, oligonucleotide/AuNP and PEG/AuNPs. MALS detection clearly showed the coexistence of two distinct nanoparticulated populations in the bioconjugation mixture, which were demonstrated to be different not only in size but in functionality as well. The major bioconjugate population showed lower hydrodynamic ratios (18 nm) with higher and steadier oligonucleotides/AuNPs (92) and PEG/AuNPs (2350) stoichiometries, in comparison to the minor abundant population (54 nm, 51 and 1877, respectively). Moreover, the ratio between the absorbance signals measured at 520 nm and 650 nm reflects a lower AuNP aggregation in the major (10.5) than in the minor (4.5) population. Results obtained prove the benefits of a detailed characterization to find out if subsequent purification of functionalized AuNP-oligonucleotides is required to design more efficiently their final bioanalytical application.

Efficiency of virtual reality for cardiopulmonary resuscitation training of adult laypersons: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Virtual reality (VR) is an interesting and promising way to teach cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to adult laypersons as its high immersive characteristics could improve the level of skills and acquired knowledge in learning basic life support (BLS). METHODS: This systematic review assesses current literature about BLS training with VR and its possible effect on CPR-quality parameters, self-efficacy, perceived learning, and learners' satisfaction and short and long-term patients' outcome. We screened the Cochrane Library, PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE Ovid, Web of Science, and Scopus databases and included only clinical trials and quasi-experimental studies published from inception to October 1, 2021, which analyzed adult laypersons' BLS training with the use of VR. Primary outcomes were CPR parameters (chest compression rate and depth, Automated External Defibrillator use). Secondary outcomes were self-efficacy, perceived learning and learners satisfaction, and patients' outcomes (survival and good neurologic status). The risk of bias of included study was assessed using the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions tool to evaluate randomized control trials and the transparent reporting of evaluations with nonrandomized designs checklist for nonrandomized studies. RESULTS: After full article screening, 6 studies were included in the systematic review (731 participants) published between 2017 and 2021. Because of the heterogeneity of the studies, we focused on describing the studies rather than meta-analysis. The assessment of the quality of evidence revealed overall a very low quality. Training with VR significantly improved the rate and depth of chest compressions in 4 out of 6 articles. VR was described as an efficient teaching method, exerting a positive effect on self-efficacy, perception of confidence, and competence in 2 articles. CONCLUSION: VR in BLS training improves manual skills and self-efficacy of adult laypersons and may be a good teaching method in a blended learning CPR training strategy. VR may add another way to divide complex parts of resuscitation training into easier individual skills. However, the conclusion of this review suggests that VR may improve the quality of the chest compressions as compared to instructor-led face-to-face BLS training.

Efecto de la competencia emocional y satisfacción del cuidado otorgado en la sobrecarga de abuelas cuidadoras / Effect of emotional competence and satisfaction with the care provided on the burden of grandmothers caring

Objetivo principal: determinar el efecto de las competenciales emocionales y satisfacción del cuidado otorgado sobre la sobrecarga en abuelas cuidadoras de nietos. Metodología: Diseño analítico, transversal, muestreo no probabilístico, se aplicó cédula de perfil de la abuela cuidadora, escala de competencia emocional de la abuela, subescala de satisfacción con el cuidado otorgado y escala de Zarit versión corta validad en cuidadoras de niños. Análisis con estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Resultados principales: Muestra de 172 abuelas, en su mayoría son casadas, en etapa de prevejez y cuidan por cuestiones laborales del hijo. Se encontró que a mayor competencia emocional y satisfacción con el cuidado otorgado es menor la sobrecarga y es explicada en un 33,1%. Conclusión principal: La sobrecarga de ser abuela cuidadora de nietos es influida por las competencias emocionales y satisfacción con el rol, estos resultados visibilizan como un problema de salud pública que se ha observado con frecuencia.(AU)

Objective: determine the effect of emotional competencies and the satisfaction of the care provided on the burden in grandmothers caring for grandchildren. Methods: Analytical, cross-sectional design, non-probabilistic sampling, the grandmother's caregiver profile card, the grandmother's emotional competence scale, the subscale of satisfaction with the care provided, and the Zarit scale, short version validated in child caregivers, were applied. Analysis with descriptive statistics and inference. Results: Sample of 172 grandmothers, most of them are married, in pre-old age and take care of their son's labor issues. It was found that the greater the emotional competence and satisfaction with the care provided, the less the burden is, and it is explained by 33.1%. Conclusions: The overload of being a grandmother caring for grandchildren is influenced by emotional competencies and satisfaction with the role; these results make visible as a public health problem that has been frequently observed.(AU)

Splicing factor deficits render hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells sensitive to STAT3 inhibition.

Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) sustain lifelong hematopoiesis. Mutations of pre-mRNA splicing machinery, especially splicing factor 3b, subunit 1 (SF3B1), are early lesions found in malignancies arising from HSPC dysfunction. However, why splicing factor deficits contribute to HSPC defects remains incompletely understood. Using zebrafish, we show that HSPC formation in sf3b1 homozygous mutants is dependent on STAT3 activation. Clinically, mutations in SF3B1 are heterozygous; thus, we explored if targeting STAT3 could be a vulnerability in these cells. We show that SF3B1 heterozygosity confers heightened sensitivity to STAT3 inhibition in zebrafish, mouse, and human HSPCs. Cells carrying mutations in other splicing factors or treated with splicing modulators are also more sensitive to STAT3 inhibition. Mechanistically, we illustrate that STAT3 inhibition exacerbates aberrant splicing in SF3B1 mutant cells. Our findings reveal a conserved vulnerability of splicing factor mutant HSPCs that could allow for their selective targeting in hematologic malignancies.

Adherencia al procedimiento de diálisis peritoneal ambulatoria y limitaciones de cuidado de adultos mayores o sus cuidadores / Adherence to the ambulatory peritoneal dialysis procedure and limitations of care of older adults or their caregivers

Antecedentes: La diálisis peritoneal continua ambulatoria (DPCA) es una técnica adecuada para los adultos mayores y su éxito se basa principalmente en la correcta técnica de intercambio. Sin embargo, los individuos pueden presentar barreras para su adherencia, debido al deterioro de la función física y cognitiva, depresión y prevalencia de deficiencias visuales. Objetivo y metodología: Se realizó un estudio correlacional descriptivo, para determinar la relación entre la adherencia al procedimiento de diálisis peritoneal continua ambulatoria y las limitaciones de cuidado de adultos mayores con insuficiencia renal crónica o sus cuidadores. Se seleccionaron por conveniencia a 54 participantes de dos instituciones, se les realizó una visita domiciliaria en tiempos de recambio y se aplicó una cédula de variables sociodemográficas. Se incluyeron datos como días de entrenamiento, tiempo de realizar el procedimiento y cantidad de visitas domiciliarias que han recibido. La adherencia al procedimiento se evaluó con una lista de cotejo con los pasos realizados correctamente en la técnica de diálisis con equipo de bolsa gemela Ultra Bag® de Baxter. Para la medición de las limitaciones de cuidado, se evaluaron la agudeza visual cercana con la cartilla equivalente de Jeager, los campos visuales con la prueba de campos visuales por confrontación, la destreza y agudeza sensorial manual con la prueba Pick-Up de Moberg, la función cognitiva mediante la mini-mental state examination (MMSE) de Folstein y síntomas depresivos a través de del instrumento CES-D20. Resultados y conclusiones: En la adherencia al procedimiento, los participantes realizaron correctamente un promedio 23,42 (DE ± 5,54) pasos, lo que corresponde al 71,72% de la técnica.(AU)

Background: Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis is an appropriate technique for older adults and its success is mainly based on the correct exchange technique. However, individuals may present barriers to compliance, due to deterioration of physical and cognitive function, depression, and prevalence of visual impairments. Objective and methodology: A descriptive correlational study was conducted to determine the relationship between adherence to the continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis procedure and the limitations of care for older adults with chronic renal failure or their caregivers. For convenience, 54 participants from two institutions were selected. A home visit was made at exchange times and a certificate of sociodemographic variables was applied, data such as training days, time of performing the procedure and number of home visits they received were included. Adherence to the procedure was evaluated with a checklist of correctly performed steps in the dialysis technique with Ultra Bag® twin bag equipment (from Baxter). To measure care limitations, we evaluated near visual acuity with Jaeger's equivalent primer, visual fields with the confrontational visual field test, manual sensory dexterity and acuity with Moberg's Pick-Up test, cognitive function using Folstein's MMSE, and depressive symptoms using the CES-D20 instrument. Results and conclusions: In adherence to the procedure, participants correctly performed an average of 23.42 (SD ± 5.54) steps, which corresponds to 71.72% of the technique. Regarding care limitations, 55.6% presented impaired near visual acuity, 29.6% visual field deficit, 33.3% impaired manual dexterity, 14.8% alteration in manual sensory acuity, 46.3% possible impairment of cognitive function, and 18.5% depressive symptomatology.(AU)

Propiedades psicométricas del Massachusetts General Hospital-Sexual Functioning Questionnaire en personas mayores / Psychometric properties of the Massachusetts General Hospital-Sexual Functioning Questionnaire in elderly people

Antecedentes y objetivo: En México las disfunciones sexuales son un problema relevante, siendo la depresión y la edad los principales predisponentes. Por ello se considera necesario contar con instrumentos de evaluación validados en población mayor mexicana. El objetivo del presente estudio fue examinar las propiedades psicométricas del Massachusetts General Hospital-Sexual Functioning Questionnaire (MGH-SFQ) en dicha población.Materiales y métodos: La muestra estuvo compuesta de 634 personas mayores del noreste de México seleccionadas mediante procedimiento no probabilístico. Se utilizaron como mediciones el MGH-SFQ y la Escala de Depresión del Centro de Estudios Epidemiológicos.Resultados: Se confirma la estructura unifactorial del MGH-SFQ en varones y en mujeres mayores (RMSEA=0,04; CFI=0,92; RMSEA=0,03; CFI=0,95), presentando fiabilidad de consistencia interna adecuada y adecuadas evidencias de validez de sus medidas, al asociarse de manera significativa con la edad y la depresión.Conclusiones: El MGH-SFQ es un cuestionario que proporciona medidas fiables y válidas del funcionamiento sexual en varones y mujeres mayores mexicanos. (AU)

Aim and background: In Mexico sexual dysfunctions are a relevant problem, depression and age are the main predisposing factors. Whereby it is necessary to considerate to have valid evaluation instruments in Mexican population. The aim of the study was to examine the psychometric properties of Massachusetts General Hospital-Sexual Functioning Questionnaire (MGH-SFQ) in that population.Materials and methods: The sample was 634 Northeast Mexican elderly, selected by a non-probabilistic procedure. The MGH-SFQ and the Depression Scale of the Center for Epidemiological Studies were used as measurements.Results: The unifactorial structure is confirmed in elderly men and woman (RMSEA=.04; CFI=.92; RMSEA=.03; CFI=.95) shows adequate internal consistency reliability and adequate validity evidence of its measures.Conclusions: The MGH-SFQ is a questionnaire that provides reliable and valid measures of sexual functioning in Mexican elderly men and woman. (AU)

Loneliness, Anxiety, Depression, and Adoption of the Role of Caregiver of Older Adults with Chronic Diseases during COVID-19 / Soledad, ansiedad, depresión y adopción del rol de cuidador de adultos mayores con enfermedad crónica durante la covid-19 / Solidão, ansiedade, depressão e adoção do papel de cuidador de idosos com doença crônica durante a COVID-19

Objective: To determine the effect of loneliness, anxiety, and depression on adopting the role of caregiver of older adults with chronic conditions in a sample of Mexican caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and method: Predictive and correlational design. The study was conducted with 157 caregivers through the dyad characterization scale, the HADS scale, the UCLA scale, and the Caregiver role adoption scale. The analysis used descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Most participants were female, with a mean care time of seven months. Mostly, the caregivers have anxiety as a clinical problem (27 %), doubtful depression (14.9 %), profound loneliness (66.2 %), and satisfactory adoption of the role (71.2 %). We found that the more significant the role of adoption, the lower the anxiety, depression, and loneliness levels (p < .05). The psychosocial factors, the age of the person cared for, the age of the informal caregiver, and the care time explained 36 % of the variance in role adoption (F = 13.12; p < .01), with loneliness as a predictive variable. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the caregivers' mental health and caused profound loneliness, the latter being a predictor for adopting the role.

Objetivo: determinar el efecto de la soledad, la ansiedad y la depresión sobre la adopción del rol cuidador de adultos mayores con enfermedad crónica en una muestra de cuidadores mexicanos durante la pandemia de la covid-19. Materiales y método: diseño correlacional predictivo. Se realizó el estudio en 157 cuidadores mediante la encuesta de caracterización de la diada, escala HADS, escala UCLA y escala adopción del cuidador. El análisis fue con estadística descriptiva e inferencial. Resultados: la mayoría de los participantes fueron mujeres, con un tiempo medio de cuidados de siete meses. Los cuidadores en su mayoría tienen ansiedad como problema clínico en un 27 %, depresión dudosa con un 14,9 %, soledad severa con un 66,2 % y adopción satisfactoria del rol en el 71,2 %. Se encontró que a mayor adopción del rol, menor ansiedad, depresión y soledad (p < 0,05). Los factores psicosociales, la edad de la persona receptora de cuidado, la edad del cuidador informal y el tiempo de cuidado explicaron un 36 % de la varianza de la adopción del rol (F = 13,12; p < 0,01), siendo variable predictora la soledad. Conclusión: la pandemia de la covid-19 ha ocasionado un impacto en la salud mental y la soledad severa de los cuidadores, siendo esta última un predictor de la adopción del cuidador.

Objetivo: determinar o efeito da solidão, ansiedade e depressão na adoção do papel de cuidador de idosos com doença crônica em uma amostra de cuidadores mexicanos durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Material e método: desenho correlacional preditivo. O estudo foi realizado com 157 cuidadores utilizando a pesquisa de caracterização da díade, a escala HADS, a escala UCLA e a escala de Adoção do papel de cuidador. A análise realizou-se com estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: a maioria dos participantes era do sexo feminino, sendo o tempo médio de atendimento de sete meses. A maioria dos cuidadores apresentou ansiedade como problema clínico (27 %), depressão duvidosa (14,9 %), solidão severa (66,2 %) e adoção satisfatória do papel (71,2 %). Constatou-se que quanto maior a adoção do papel, menor o índice de ansiedade, depressão e solidão (p < 0,05). Os fatores psicossociais, a idade da pessoa que recebe os cuidados, a idade do cuidador informal e o tempo de cuidado explicaram 36 % da variância na adoção do papel (F = 13,12; p < 0,01), sendo a solidão variável preditora. Conclusão: a pandemia da COVID-19 tem impactado a saúde mental e a solidão severa dos cuidadores, sendo esta última uma variável preditora da adoção do papel de cuidador.

Adherence to the ambulatory peritoneal dialysis procedure and limitations of care of older adults or their caregivers.

BACKGROUND: Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis is an appropriate technique for older adults and its success is mainly based on the correct exchange technique. However, individuals may present barriers to compliance, due to deterioration of physical and cognitive function, depression, and prevalence of visual impairments. OBJECTIVE AND METHODOLOGY: A descriptive correlational study was conducted to determine the relationship between adherence to the continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis procedure and the limitations of care for older adults with chronic renal failure or their caregivers. For convenience, 54 participants from two institutions were selected. A home visit was made at exchange times and a certificate of sociodemographic variables was applied, data such as training days, time of performing the procedure and number of home visits they received were included. Adherence to the procedure was evaluated with a checklist of correctly performed steps in the dialysis technique with Ultra Bag® twin bag equipment (from Baxter). To measure care limitations, we evaluated near visual acuity with Jaeger's equivalent primer, visual fields with the confrontational visual field test, manual sensory dexterity and acuity with Moberg's Pick-Up test, cognitive function using Folstein's MMSE, and depressive symptoms using the CES-D20 instrument. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: In adherence to the procedure, participants correctly performed an average of 23.42 (SD ± 5.54) steps, which corresponds to 71.72% of the technique. Regarding care limitations, 55.6% presented impaired near visual acuity, 29.6% visual field deficit, 33.3% impaired manual dexterity, 14.8% alteration in manual sensory acuity, 46.3% possible impairment of cognitive function, and 18.5% depressive symptomatology. Participants with greater adherence to the CAPD procedure had better dexterity in the dominant (p = 0.010) and non-dominant (p = 0.010) hand, better sensory acuity of the non-dominant hand (p = 0.023), and greater cognitive function (p = 0.044). It is concluded that the care limitations (manual dexterity, manual sensory acuity, and cognitive function) are related to adherence to the dialytic procedure.

Calidad de vida en adultos mayores cuidadores de nietos del norte y suroeste de México / Quality of life in older caregivers of grandchildren in northern and southwestern Mexico

Objetivo: Determinar la relación de las características personales con la calidad de vida en adultos mayores cuidadores de nietos del norte y suroeste de México. Métodos: Descriptivo-correlacional y comparativo, con una muestra de 326 adultos mayores cuidadores de nietos, recolectado mediante muestreo a conveniencia y que cumpla con los criterios de inclusión. Se aplicó una cedula de datos personales y la escala de Calidad de Vida Autopercibida en Adultos Mayores en Comunidad (α=0.93). Los datos se analizaron con estadística descriptiva e inferencial como pruebas de U de Mann-Whitney, Chi cuadrada y Spearman. Contó con la aprobación del Comité de ética, acatándose los reglamentos nacionales e internacionales. Resultados: La población tuvo una de M=68.56 años, siendo el 54.9% hombre y el 45.1% mujer, con una de M=9.10 horas del cuidado del nieto. Se halló asociación de la calidad de vida con la zona geográfica de México (Chi=35.695, p<0.05). Se observó relación de la edad (r=-0.155) y el número de hijos (r=-0.279) con la calidad de vida. Conclusiones: Se observó que, a mayor edad y número de hijos, menor calidad de vida. De igual manera, la calidad de vida se asocia con la zona geográfica. Se recomienda prestar atención en la salud física, psicológica y social de este grupo vulnerable. (AU)

Objective: Determine the relationship of personal characteristics with the quality of life in elderly people who care for their grandchildren from northern and southwestern Mexico. Method: Descriptive-correlational and comparative method, using a sample of 326 older adults who take care of their grandchildren; this sample was collected through convenience sampling and making sure that people met the inclusion criteria. A personal data card and the self-perceived quality of life scale were applied in elderly people in the community (α=0.93). The data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics such as U Mann-Whitney, Chi Square, and Spearman tests. It was approved by the Ethics Committee, in compliance with national and international regulations. Results: The population had an M of 68.56 years, being 54.9% male and 45.1% female, with one M of 9.10 hours of care of the grandchild. The association of quality of life with the geographical area of Mexico was found (Chi=35,695, p<0.05). The relationship between age (r=-0,155) and number of children (r=-0,279) and quality of life was seen. Conclusions: It was seen that the older the age and number of children, the lower the quality of life. Similarly, quality of life is associated with the geographical area. It is recommended that care be given within physical, psychological, and social health of this vulnerable group. (AU)

Factores conductuales y biológicos que influye sobre el riesgo de pie diabético en adultos en etapa de prevejez y vejez

Objetivo: Determinar la influencia de los factores conductuales y biológicos sobre el riesgo para pie diabético en adultos etapa de prevejez y vejez que asisten a grupos de ayuda mutua. Material y métodos: Correlacional-predictivo, con una muestra de 105 personas seleccionado por muestreo a conveniencia en grupos de ayuda mutua de tres municipios de Coahuila, México. Se aplicó una cédula de datos personales, el instrumento IMEVID (α=.81), la escala EBADE (α =.78), la recolección de medidas antropométricas, biomarcadores metabólicos y se realizó la valoración de riesgo para pie diabético. Se aplicó estadística descriptiva, correlación de spearman y modelos de regresión. Resultados: Participaron 87 (82.9 %) mujeres y 18 (17.1 %) hombres con una M= 62.60 años (DE=10.330) años. El riesgo para pie diabético se relacionó con las barreras de autocuidado en diabetes (r=.224, p<0.5) y el índice de masa corporal (r=.255, p<0.5). El modelo predice un 19.6 % el riesgo (F=6.803, R 2 =19.6, p=0.001), siendo las variables predictoras las barreras de autocuidado en diabetes, el colesterol de baja densidad y el índice de masa corporal. Conclusión: Los factores conductuales y biológicos predicen el aumento del riesgo para pie diabético, por lo que nos da una valoración general de salud de los grupos de ayuda mutua de México.

Objective. To determine the influence of behavioral and biological agents on the risk for diabetic foot in adult stages of pre and old age who attend mutual aid groups. Material and methods: Correlational-predictive, with a sample of 105 people collected by convenience in mutual aid groups from three counties of Coahuila, Mexico. A personal data card, the IMEVID instrument (α = .81), the EBADE scale (α = .78), the collection of anthropometric measurements, metabolic biomarkers were applied and the risk assessment for diabetic foot was performed. Descriptive statistics, spearman correlation and regression models were applied. Results: 87 (82.9%) women and 18 (17.1%) men participated with an M = 62.60 years (SD = 10,330) years. The risk for diabetic foot was related to the barriers to self-care in diabetes (r = .224, p <0.5) and the body mass index (r = .255, p <0.5). The model predicts the risk of 19.6% (F = 6.803, R2 = 19.6, p = 0.001), the predictor variables being the barriers to self-care in diabetes, low-density cholesterol and the body mass index. Conclution: Behavioral and biological factors predict the increased risk for diabetic foot, so it gives us a general assessment of the health of mutual aid groups in Mexico.

Influencia de la incertidumbre sexual de estudiantes de enfermería sobre las actitudes sexuales en la vejez

Objetivo: Determinar la influencia de la incertidumbre sexual de los estudiantes de enfermería sobre las actitudes sexuales en la vejez. Materiales y métodos: Estudio correlacional-predictivo. La muestra estuvo constituida por 222 participantes, determinada mediante un muestreo a conveniencia en estudiantes de enfermería de dos universidades privadas de Mérida, Yucatán. Se aplicó una cédula de datos, la escala de incertidumbre sexual y de actitudes hacia la sexualidad en la vejez. Se realizó estadística descriptiva, correlación de spearman y modelos de regresión. Se consideraron los aspectos éticos para su aplicación. Resultados: La muestra en su mayoría estuvo constituida por mujeres (68.5 %), una media de edad de 20.79 (DE=2.99). Se encontró relación de la incertidumbre sexual con las actitudes hacia la sexualidad en la vejez (r=-0.224, p<0.05); por otra parte, la incertidumbre sexual disminuye en .33 las actitudes sexuales hacia la vejez en los estudiantes de enfermería. El modelo indica que la edad, sexo e incertidumbre influyen en 7.9 % sobre las actitudes sexuales. Conclusión: Se halló que la incertidumbre sexual influye en las actitudes hacia la sexualidad en la vejez en los estudiantes de enfermería debido a los probables prejuicios que se tiene a este grupo etario. Se requiere abordar temas de sexualidad en ellos mismos y en el adulto mayor para cambiar esta perspectiva.

Objective: Determine the Influence of the sexual uncertainty of nursing students on sexual attitudes in old age. Method: Correlational-predictive study, the sample consisted of 222 participants, determined through a convenience sampling in nursing students from two private universities in Mérida, Yucatán. A data card, the scale of sexual uncertainty and sexual attitudes towards old age was applied. Descriptive statistics, spearman correlation and regression models were performed. Ethical aspects were considered for its application. Results: The majority of the sample was made up of 68.5% women, a mean age of 20.79 (SD = 2.99). A relationship was found between sexual uncertainty and attitudes towards sexuality in old age (r = -0.224, p <0.05), on the other hand, sexual uncertainty decreases by .33 sexual attitudes towards old age in nursing students. The model indicates that age, sex and uncertainty influence 7.9 % on sexual attitudes. Conclusión: It was found that sexual uncertainty influences attitudes towards sexuality in the elderly in nursing students due to the probable prejudices that this age group has, it is necessary to address issues of sexuality in themselves and in the elderly to change this perspective.

A Crowdsourcing Open Contest to Design a Latino-Specific COVID-19 Campaign: Mixed Methods Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Latino communities are among the most heavily impacted populations by the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States due to intersectional barriers to care. Crowdsourcing open contests can be an effective means of community engagement but have not been well studied in Latino populations nor in addressing the COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study are to (1) implement and evaluate a crowdsourcing open contest to solicit a name for a COVID-19 social marketing campaign for Latino populations in Maryland and (2) conduct a thematic analysis of submitted entries to guide campaign messaging. METHODS: To assess the level of community engagement in this crowdsourcing open contest, we used descriptive statistics to analyze data on entries, votes, and demographic characteristics of participants. The submitted text was analyzed through inductive thematic analysis. RESULTS: We received 74 entries within a 2-week period. The top 10 entries were chosen by community judges and the winner was decided by popular vote. We received 383 votes within 1 week. The most common themes were collective efficacy, self-efficacy, and perceived benefits of COVID-19 testing. We used these themes to directly inform our social marketing intervention and found that advertisements based on these themes became the highest performing. CONCLUSIONS: Crowdsourcing open contests are an effective means of community engagement and an agile tool for guiding interventions to address COVID-19, including in populations impacted by health care disparities, such as Latino communities. The thematic analysis of contest entries can be a valuable strategy to inform the development of social marketing campaign materials.

[Psychometric properties of the Massachusetts General Hospital-Sexual Functioning Questionnaire in elderly people]. / Propiedades psicométricas del Massachusetts General Hospital-Sexual Functioning Questionnaire en personas mayores.

AIM AND BACKGROUND: In Mexico sexual dysfunctions are a relevant problem, depression and age are the main predisposing factors. Whereby it is necessary to considerate to have valid evaluation instruments in Mexican population. The aim of the study was to examine the psychometric properties of Massachusetts General Hospital-Sexual Functioning Questionnaire (MGH-SFQ) in that population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample was 634 Northeast Mexican elderly, selected by a non-probabilistic procedure. The MGH-SFQ and the Depression Scale of the Center for Epidemiological Studies were used as measurements. RESULTS: The unifactorial structure is confirmed in elderly men and woman (RMSEA=.04; CFI=.92; RMSEA=.03; CFI=.95) shows adequate internal consistency reliability and adequate validity evidence of its measures. CONCLUSIONS: The MGH-SFQ is a questionnaire that provides reliable and valid measures of sexual functioning in Mexican elderly men and woman.

Actitud hacia la vejez como factor predictor de las actitudes hacia la sexualidad del adulto mayor en población mexicana / Attitude towards old age as a predictor of attitudes towards sexuality of the elderly in the Mexican population

Objetivo principal: determinar el efecto de la actitud que presentan los adultos mexicanos respecto a la vejez y a la sexualidad del adulto mayor. Metodología: Estudio correlacional-predictivo y transversal. La muestra incluyó 364 adultos entre 18 y 59 años del Estado de Coahuila de Zaragoza, México. Se aplicaron el cuestionario de actitudes a la vejez y la escala de actitudes hacia la sexualidad del adulto mayor. Los análisis estadísticos incluyeron análisis descriptivos e inferencial. Resultados principales: mayor actitud negativa hacia la vejez, menor actitud favorable hacia la sexualidad en la vejez, además, la actitud de los adultos mexicanos hacia la vejez es un factor predictor que influye negativamente en un 11,8 % sobre las actitudes hacia la sexualidad en la vejez. Conclusión principal: las actitudes hacia la vejez son un factor predictor de la actitud hacia la sexualidad del adulto mayor, es decir son un factor importante para no estigmatizar el proceso de envejecimiento.(AU)

Objective: determine the effect of the attitude towards old age on the attitude towards sexuality of the elderly in Mexican adults. Methods: Correlational-predictive and cross-sectional study. The sample included 364 adults between 18 and 59 years of age from Coahuila State of Zaragoza, Mexico. The scales of attitudes toward older adult sexuality and the questionnaire of attitudes toward old age were applied. Statistical analyzes included descriptive and inferential analyzes. Results: greater negative attitude toward old age, less favorable attitude toward sexuality in old age, besides that attitude toward old age is a predictor that negatively influences attitudes toward sexuality in old age of mexican adults in 11,8 %. Conclusions: attitudes towards old age is a predictor of the attitude towards sexual-ity of the elderly, that is, it is an important factor in not stigmatizing the aging process.(AU)

Ansiedad, depresión y soledad en cuidadores de personas con enfermedad crónica / Anxiety, depression and loneliness in caregivers of people with chronic illness

Objetivo principal: Determinar la relación entre ansiedad, depresión y soledad en cuidadores familiares de adultos mayores con enfermedades crónicas. Metodología: Diseño descriptivo correlacional. Se utilizó la Escala hospitalaria de ansiedad y depresión (α=.83) y la escala de Soledad (α=.95). Se hizo un cálculo de tamaño de muestra con programa G-Power 3.1.9.7 y se aplicó un muestreo a conveniencia. Se analizó con estadística descriptiva e inferencial, como Pearson y chi2. Resultados principales: Participaron 178 cuidadores familiares con una m de 45 años. Se encontró relación de la edad con la percepción de soledad (r=-.200) y el tiempo del cuidado con la puntuación de depresión (r=-.199) y ansiedad (r=-.179). Conclusión principal: Se encontró que, a mayor edad del cuidador, mayor es la percepción de soledad, y a mayor tiempo de cuidado, menor es la depresión y ansiedad, permitiendo implementar futuros programas de atención para mejorar la calidad de vida de los cuidadores.(AU)

Objective: To determine the relationship between anxiety, depression and loneliness in family caregivers of older adults with chronic diseases. Methodology: Correlational descriptive design. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (α=.83) and the Loneliness Scale (α=.95) were used. A sample size calculation was made with the G-Power 3.1.9.7 program and a convenience sample was applied. It was analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics, such as Pearson and chi2. Main results: 178 family caregivers with an M of 45 years participated. A relationship was found between age and perception of loneliness (r=-.200) and care time with depression (r=-.199) and anxiety (r=-.179) scores. Main conclusion: It was found that, the older the caregiver, the greater the perception of loneliness and the longer the care time, the lower the depression and anxiety, allowing the implementation of future care programs to improve the quality of life of caregivers.(AU)