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1.
Mundo Saúde (Online) ; 45: e0922020, 2021-00-00.
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1511166

ABSTRACT

O Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) corresponde de 90 a 95% de todos os casos e apresenta etiologia multifatorial, envolvendo herança genética e fatores ambientais como: alimentação, sedentarismo, obesidade e idade avançada. Portadores de DM2 necessitam de cuidados específicos, autocuidado contínuo e controle do estresse percebido. Busca-se identificar o estresse percebido e o autocuidado de pacientes, quanto às variáveis sociodemográficas, clínicas e hábitos de vida, associar as variáveis de interesse com atividades de autocuidado. Realizou-se estudo transversal, prospectivo, quantitativo, para conhecer o estresse percebido e autocuidado de portadores DM2, internados em um Hospital Cardiovascular de São José do Rio Preto/SP, por meio de dois questionários e uma escala. Verificou-se que a maioria dos pacientes era idosa, cardiopata, hipertensa, não praticava atividade física, não seguia dieta, entre outros aspectos. O nível de estresse percebido representou escore médio de 26,4 pontos, ou seja, menos da metade do valor total, sugerindo uma baixa percepção de estresse na amostra. Em relação ao domínio do autocuidado, identificou-se que, em geral, era baixo, pois os pacientes não realizavam o autocuidado em, pelo menos, seis dias da semana. Os únicos domínios realizados foram: alimentação específica em média 5,2 dias da semana e uso de medicação em média 4,7 dias da semana. Conclui-se que o presente estudo oferece informações para planejamento do tratamento de portadores de DM2, obtenção do melhor controle glicêmico, sugerindo intervenções educativas ou metodologias e promovendo melhora da adesão aos comportamentos de autocuidado e redução do estresse que influenciam os resultados em saúde desses pacientes.


Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2) corresponds to 90-95% of all cases of DM and has a multifactorial etiology, involving genetic inheritance and environmental factors such as: diet, physical inactivity, obesity, and advanced age. People with DM2 need specific care, continuous self-care, and control of perceived stress. This study aimed to identify the perceived stress and self-care activities of patients associated with socio-demographic, clinical, and lifestyle variables. This cross-sectional, prospective, quantitative study was conducted to understand the perceived stress and self-care of DM2 patients, admitted to a Cardiovascular Hospital in São José do Rio Preto, SP, using two questionnaires and a scale. It was found that most patients were elderly, cardiopathic, hypertensive, did not practice physical activity, did not follow a diet, among other aspects. The perceived stress level represented an average score of 26.4 points, that is, less than half of the total value, suggesting a low perception of stress in the sample. Regarding the self-care domain, it was generally found to be low, as patients did not perform self-care activities on at least six days a week. The only domains performed were specific diet on average 5.2 days a week and medication use on average 4.7 days a week. It is concluded that the present study offers information for planning the treatment of patients with DM2, obtaining the best glycemic control, suggesting educational interventions or methodologies, and promoting improved adherence to self-care activities and reducing stress that influence the health outcomes of these patients.

2.
BMC Cardiovasc Disord ; 20(1): 132, 2020 03 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32164582

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) participates in the degradation of components of the extracellular matrix and it is involved in vascular remodeling and vasomotor changes. The aim of this study was to investigate the plasma levels of MMP-9 in acute vascular alterations due to hypertensive crisis. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed in 40 normotensive (NT) and 58 controlled hypertensive subjects (CHyp) followed up in outpatient clinic. Moreover, 57 patients with hypertensive emergency (HypEmerg) and 43 in hypertensive urgency (HypUrg), seen in emergency department, were also included. Hypertensive crisis was divided into HypEmerg, which was characterized by levels of systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥ 180 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥ 120 mmHg complicated with target-organ damage (TOD), and HypUrg, defined by BP elevation without TOD. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis was performed to identify the influence of independent variables on MMP-9 levels. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The mean age was 43.5 years in the NT group (11 men); 57.7 years in the CHyp group (29 men); 59.4 years in the HypUrg group (21 men) and 62.4 years in the HypEmerg group (31 men). The age was statistically different in the NT group compared to other 3 groups. The mean BP was 116.5 ± 13.9/72.4 ± 10.6 mmHg for NT, 123.2 ± 12.6/79 ± 9.2 for CHyp, 194.1 ± 24.3/121.4 ± 17.3 for HypUrg and 191.6 ± 34.3/121.7 ± 18.8 mmHg for HypEmerg, respectively (p-value< 0.0001 between groups). MMP-9 levels were statistically different between the HypEmerg (2.31 ± 0.2 ng/mL) and HypUrg groups (2.17 ± 0.3 ng/mL) compared to the NT (1.94 ± 0.3 ng/mL) (p-value < 0.01 and p-value < 0.05, respectively) and CHyp groups (1.92 ± 0.2 ng/mL) (p-value < 0.01). Uric acid was the only independent variable for predicting MMP-9 levels (p-value = 0.001). CONCLUSION: MMP-9 concentrations are significantly higher in the hypertensive crisis groups (urgency and emergency) compared to the control groups. Therefore, MMP-9 may be a biomarker or mediator of pathophysiologic pathways in cases of acute elevations of blood pressure.


Subject(s)
Blood Pressure , Hypertension/blood , Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/blood , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Biomarkers/blood , Case-Control Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Hypertension/diagnosis , Hypertension/enzymology , Hypertension/physiopathology , Male , Middle Aged , Predictive Value of Tests , Prognosis , Up-Regulation , Young Adult
3.
Saúde Pesqui. (Online) ; 13(1): 31-49, jan/mar 2020. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1052894

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo é identificar o nível de adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso de adultos autorreferidos com diagnóstico de hipertensão. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo-transversal envolvendo 213 indivíduos autorreferidos com diagnóstico de hipertensão participantes em campanhas de hipertensão arterial realizadas em cidade do interior paulista. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados utilizados foram entrevistas semiestruturadas e questionário de Morisky e Green. Foram aplicados o teste qui-quadrado e análise de correspondência múltipla. A maioria dos participantes do estudo relatou não aderir ao tratamento medicamentoso (84%). O sexo feminino apresentou maior adesão. As barreiras à adesão foram dificuldade para mudança de hábitos de vida, irregularidade às consultas médicas e aos horários das medicações. A adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso constitui-se de um processo complexo e multifatorial que merece atenção especial da equipe multiprofissional em saúde com o objetivo de aumentar as taxas de adesão e a qualidade de vida dos indivíduos.


Adhesion level to medicinal treatment by adults diagnosed with hypertension is identified by a descriptive and transversal study involving 213 people diagnosed with hypertension and participating in arterial hypertension campaign in a town in the hinterland of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Data were collected by half-structured interviews and by Morisky & Green questionnaire. Most participants (84%) failed to adhere to medicinal treatment, with females complying most with adhesion. Adhesion impairments comprised difficulties in changes in lifestyle, irregular visits to the doctor´s and medicine timetable. Adhesion to medicine treatment is a complex and multifactor process that needs special attention by the multiprofessional health team to increase adhesion rates and life quality of patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Therapeutics , Patient Compliance , Hypertension , Quality of Life , Treatment Refusal
4.
Esc. Anna Nery Rev. Enferm ; 24(2): e20190068, 2020. tab
Article in Portuguese | BDENF - Nursing, LILACS | ID: biblio-1056153

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivos Analisar a adequação do tratamento hemodialítico em pacientes com rigidez arterial e associar os efeitos da doença renal com os fatores sociodemográficos e clínicos. Método Estudo epidemiológico, transversal realizado com 149 renais crônicos em tratamento de hemodiálise em hospital escola do interior do Estado de São Paulo. Utilizou-se para medida da rigidez arterial o aparelho de Dyna-MAPA®. Foram aplicados os testes de regressão linear multivariada, t Student e o qui-quadrado para os biomarcadores e a ocorrência de rigidez arterial. Resultados A maioria dos pacientes encontrava em idade produtiva, inativa profissionalmente, do sexo masculino, união estável, fazendo restrição hídrica e alimentar, com menos de 48 meses de tratamento dialítico; 36,9% dos pacientes apresentavam rigidez arterial. Os biomarcadores creatinina, ureia e fósforo estavam aumentados; hematócrito e hemoglobina estavam diminuídos, média de peso interdialítico de 2,34 ± 1,4 kg, e a maioria do Kt/V inadequado. Quanto aos efeitos da doença renal observou-se significância estatística com os inscritos na lista de transplantes, maior tempo de tratamento e aumento da creatinina. Conclusão Estes resultados podem proporcionar a diminuição da morbimortalidade cardiovascular nestes pacientes.


RESUMEN Objetivos Analizar la adecuación del tratamiento hemodialítico en pacientes con rigidez arterial y asociar los efectos de la enfermedad renal con los factores sociodemográficos y clínicos. Método Estudio epidemiológico, transversal realizado con 149 renales crónicos en tratamiento de hemodiálisis, en el interior del Estado de São Paulo. Utilizaron el instrumento para medir la rigidez arterial el aparato de Dyna-MAPA®. Se aplicaron los pruebas de Regresión Lineal Multivaria, t Student y el Chi-Cuadrado para los biomarcadores y la ocurrencia de rigidez arterial. Resultados La mayoría estaba en edad productiva, inactiva profesionalmente, del sexo masculino, en unión estable, haciendo restricción hídrica y alimentar y con menos de 48 meses de tratamiento dialítico y 36,9% de los pacientes presentaban rigidez arterial. Los biomarcadores creatinina, urea y fósforo estaban aumentados, hematocrito y hemoglobina estaban disminuidos, media de peso interdialítico de 2,34 ± 1,4 kg, y la mayoría del Kt / V inadecuado. En cuanto a los efectos de la enfermedad renal se observó significancia estadística con los inscritos en la lista de trasplantes, mayor tiempo de tratamiento y aumento de la creatinina. Conclusión: Se espera que estos resultados proporcionen la disminución de la morbimortalidad cardiovascular de estos pacientes.


ABSTRACT Objectives To analyze the adequacy of hemodialysis treatment in patients with arterial stiffness and to associate the effects of renal disease with sociodemographic and clinical factors. Method A cross-sectional epidemiological study with 149 chronic renal patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment, in the interior of the State of São Paulo. They used to measure arterial stiffness with the Dyna-MAPA® device. The tests statistical were multivariate linear regression, t Student and chi-square were applied to the biomarkers and the occurrence of arterial stiffness. Results Most were of productive age, professionally inactive, male, in a stable union, water, and food restriction, and with less than 48 months of dialysis treatment and 36.9% of patients had arterial stiffness. The biomarkers creatinine, urea, and phosphorus were increased, hematocrit and hemoglobin were decreased, mean interdialytic weight was 2.34 ± 1.4kg, and most of the Kt / V inadequate. The effects of renal disease were statistically significant with those enrolled in the transplant list, longer treatment time, and increased creatinine. Conclusion These results are expected to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in these patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Renal Dialysis/statistics & numerical data , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/therapy , Vascular Stiffness , Socioeconomic Factors , Chronic Disease/therapy , Cross-Sectional Studies
5.
BrJP ; 2(4): 336-341, Oct.-Dec. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1055282

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Pain for cancer patients might represent a worsening prognosis, decreased autonomy, well-being and quality of life, affecting all spheres of life of cancer patients and their repercussions on caregivers. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of chronic pain on the quality of life and functional capacity of cancer patients and their caregivers. METHODS: Eleven caregivers and 15 cancer patients from a Pain Clinic were evaluated. To assess the functional capacity of the patients, we used the physical and instrumental activities of daily living scale and, for quality of life, we used the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30), which indicated impairment in social and emotional functions and prevalence of symptoms fatigue and insomnia. RESULTS: The average of the instrumental activities of daily living scores indicated a semi-dependence of the patients. There was a female predominance in patients (60%) and caregivers (72.2%). The average pain by the visual analog scale was 6.8. The Zarit Caregiver Overload Scale indicated that 36.3% of caregivers had moderate to severe overload and a positive correlation between functional capacity and overload (p=0.003). CONCLUSION: The presence of chronic pain impacts, negatively and significantly, the quality of life and functional capacity of cancer patients extending this impact to the caregiver.


RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A dor para o paciente oncológico pode representar agravamento do prognóstico, diminuição da autonomia, do bem-estar e qualidade de vida, afetando todas as esferas da vida do paciente com câncer e sua repercussão no cuidador. Assim, este estudo objetivou avaliar o impacto da dor crônica na qualidade de vida e na capacidade funcional de pacientes oncológicos e de seus cuidadores. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 11 cuidadores e 15 pacientes oncológicos de uma Clínica da Dor. Para avaliar a capacidade funcional dos pacientes, foi utilizada a escala de atividades físicas e instrumentais da vida diária e, para a qualidade de vida, foi utilizado o European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire, que indicou prejuízo nas funções social e emocional e prevalência dos sintomas fadiga e insônia. RESULTADOS: A média dos escores das atividades básicas e instrumentais da vida diária indicaram semi-dependência dos pacientes. Houve predominância feminina em pacientes (60%) e cuidadores (72,2%). A média de dor pela escala analógica visual foi 6,8. A Escala de Sobrecarga do Cuidador de Zarit, indicou que 36,3% dos cuidadores apresentaram de moderada a grave sobrecarga e correlação positiva entre capacidade funcional e sobrecarga (p=0,003). CONCLUSÃO: A presença de dor crônica impacta de forma negativa e significante a qualidade de vida e a capacidade funcional dos pacientes com câncer, estendendo esse impacto para a figura do cuidador.

6.
BrJP ; 2(3): 260-266, July-Sept. 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1039020

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Chronic neuropathic pain has a multifactorial origin and several coping strategies. The objective of this study was to identify, analyze the different coping strategies for chronic neuropathic pain, relate them with sociodemographic characteristics, pain intensity, and alexithymia. METHODS: A descriptive and cross-sectional study involving 61 patients with neuropathic pain who attended the Pain Clinic from August to December 2017. The instruments used to collect the data of patients with neuropathic pain were a semi-structured interview, the Douleur Neuropathique 4 Questions questionnaire, the Alexithymia Scale, and the Problems Coping Mode Scale. RESULTS: Of the 61 patients with neuropathic pain, the majority were female, with a mean age of 50.67±13.12 years, low schooling, with a spouse, with diseases as the leading cause of pain, positive attitudes to cope with neuropathic pain despite the physical problems such as major changes after pain. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study allowed us to conclude that the coping strategies of patients with neuropathic pain, according to the application of the Alexithymia Scale and the Problems Coping Mode Scale, that the highest scores were in religious practices, social support and focus on the problem. The alexithymia of this group was higher, especially in the subgroup of men with chronic neuropathic pain.


RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A dor crônica neuropática tem origem multifatorial e apresenta diversas estratégias de enfrentamento. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar, analisar as diversas estratégias de enfrentamento de dor crônica neuropática, relacioná-las com as características sociodemográficas, a intensidade de dor e a alexitimia. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo e transversal em que participaram 61 pacientes com dor neuropática que foram atendidos na Clínica da Dor no período de agosto a dezembro de 2017. Para a coleta de dados dos pacientes com dor neuropática foram utilizados os instrumentos: entrevista semiestruturada, o questionário sobre dor neuropática Douleur Neuropathique 4 Questions, a Escala de Alexitimia e a Escala Modos de Enfrentamento de Problemas. RESULTADOS: Dos 61 pacientes com dor neuropática, a maioria era mulher, com idade média de 50,67±13,12 anos, baixa escolaridade, com companheiro, doenças como a causa principal da dor, atitudes positivas no enfrentamento da dor neuropática apesar dos problemas físicos como as principais mudanças após a dor. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados do presente estudo permitiram concluir que as estratégias de enfrentamento dos pacientes com dor neuropática, de acordo com a aplicação da Escala de Alexitimia e a Escala Modos de Enfrentamento de Problemas, que os maiores escores foram nas práticas religiosas, suporte social e focalização no problema. A alexitimia deste grupo foi maior, especialmente no subgrupo dos homens com dor neuropática crônica.

7.
Mundo Saúde (Online) ; 43(2): [344-359], abr., 2019. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1054513

ABSTRACT

Clinical outcomes of hospitalized elderly provide subsidies to prevent complications that interfere with quality of life.The goal was to verify the sociodemographic characteristics and to analyze the associations between the diseasesdiagnosed at admission, age, hospitalization time and clinical outcome of elderly hospitalized in SUS and private care.Descriptive and quantitative cross-sectional survey of 14,892 medical records of elderly patients hospitalized in theyear 2014. The statistical tests used were chi-squared and analysis of variance. The results were: 93.5% white, 80.2%catholic, 68% had a primary education, 62.9% had partners, 53.8% males, 33.1% homemakers and the average agewas 72.1 years ± 8.6 years. The mean duration of hospitalization was 5.9 days ± 8.8 days, cardiovascular diseaseswere the most frequent, with a clinical outcome of 93.4% of hospital discharges and 6.6% of deaths, and 100% ofhematological diseases were discharged. There was a significant association rate between diseases and death frominfections (n=817; 60.0%). The association of diseases with the type of SUS care was statistically significant. Moreover,the occurrence of pain, nephro-urological diseases, orthopedic diseases, hematological and gynecological diseasesand other diseases showed a statistically significant association with private care or health plan. The associationbetween the diseases and the clinical outcome showed a greater incidence of death in patients affected by infections.The association of diseases was statistically significant with the type of care, highlighting the SUS care


Os desfechos clínicos de idosos internados proporcionam subsídios para prevenir complicações que interferem naqualidade de vida. O objetivo no estudo foi verificar as características sociodemográficas e analisar as associaçõesentre as doenças diagnosticadas na admissão, idade, tempo de internação e desfecho clínico de idosos internadosno SUS e convênio. Pesquisa transversal, descritiva e quantitativa, nos prontuários eletrônicos de 14.892 idososhospitalizados no ano de 2014. Os testes realizados foram Qui-quadrado e análise de variância. Constatou-se que93,5% eram brancos, 80,2% católicos, 68% possuíam ensino fundamental, 62,9% tinham companheiros, 53,8%homens, 33,1% do lar e a média de idade foram de 72,1 anos ± 8,6 anos. A média de tempo de internação foide 5,9 dias ± 8,8 dias, as doenças cardiovasculares foram as de maior ocorrência, tendo como desfecho clínico93,4% de altas hospitalares e 6,6% de óbitos e doenças hematológicas 100% de alta. Houve taxa significativa naassociação entre doenças e óbito por infecções (n=817; 60,0%). Foi estatisticamente significante a associação dasdoenças com o tipo de atendimento pelo SUS. Já a ocorrência de dor, doenças nefrourológicas, doenças ortopédicas,doenças hematológicas e ginecológicas e outras doenças apresentaram associação estatisticamente significativa com oatendimento particular ou convênio. A associação entre as doenças e o desfecho clínico demonstrou maior incidênciade óbito em pacientes acometidos por infecções. Foi estatisticamente significante a associação das doenças com o tipode atendimento destacando-se o atendimento pelo SUS


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Aged , Nursing , Clinical Evolution , Hospitalization , Aged , Cardiovascular Diseases , Hematologic Diseases , Unified Health System , Length of Stay
8.
Nursing (Ed. bras., Impr.) ; 22(250): 2766-2771, mar.2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-996557

ABSTRACT

A pesquisa teve como objetivo caracterizar o perfil epidemiológico da sífilis em gestante e da sífilis congênita notificadas em um município do noroeste paulista no período de 2015 a 2017. É um estudo transversal, quantitativo, exploratório e descritivo a partir do levantamento de dados realizado no banco de dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação do Serviço de Vigilância Epidemiológica do município. A amostra foi composta por 32 gestantes diagnosticadas com sífilis com idade entre 18 e 45 anos, 06 recém-nascidos diagnosticados com sífilis congênita. O perfil sociodemográfico das gestantes neste estudo indica que a sífilis está ocorrendo em mulheres jovens, com nenhum e algum grau de escolaridade. Observou-se que a incidência de sífilis congênita (5,36/1.000) no município no período estudado é quase seis vezes superior à meta de eliminação da doença proposta pelo Ministério da Saúde. Apesar da alta incidência não houve nenhum caso fatal da doença.(AU)


The aim of this research was to characterize the epidemiological profile of syphilis in pregnant women and congenital syphilis reported in a municipality in the northwest of São Paulo from 2015 to 2017. It is a cross-sectional, quantitative, exploratory and descriptive study based on the data collection performed at the bank of the Information System of Notification Diseases of the Municipal Epidemiological Surveillance Service. The sample consisted of 32 pregnant women diagnosed with syphilis aged between 18 and 45 years, 06 newborns diagnosed with congenital syphilis. The sociodemographic profile of the pregnant women in this study indicates that syphilis is occurring in young women, with none and some degree of schooling. It was observed that the incidence of congenital syphilis (5.36/1,000) in the municipality in the period studied is almost six times higher than the goal of elimination of the disease proposed by the Ministry of Health. Despite the high incidence there was no fatal case of the disease.(AU)


La investigación tuvo como objetivo caracterizar el perfil epidemiológico de la sífilis en gestante y de la sífilis congénita notificadas en un municipio del noroeste paulista en el período de 2015 a 2017. Es un estudio transversal, cuantitativo, exploratorio y descriptivo a partir del levantamiento de datos realizado en el banco de datos del Sistema de Información de Agravios de Notificación del Servicio de Vigilancia Epidemiológica del municipio. La muestra fue compuesta por 32 gestantes diagnosticados con sífilis con edad entre 18 y 45 años, 06 recién nacidos diagnosticados con sífilis congénita. El perfil sociodemográfico de las gestantes en este estudio indica que la sífilis está ocurriendo en mujeres jóvenes, con ninguno y algún grado de escolaridad. Se observó que la incidencia de sífilis congénita (5,36 / 1.000) en el municipio en el período estudiado es casi seis veces superior a la meta de eliminación de la enfermedad propuesta por el Ministerio de Salud. A pesar de la alta incidencia no hubo ningún caso fatal de la enfermedad.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Syphilis, Congenital , Syphilis , Epidemiology , Risk Factors , Socioeconomic Factors , Maternal and Child Health
9.
Nursing (Ed. bras., Impr.) ; 22(250): 2800-2804, mar.2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-998168

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se identificar a percepção do idoso acerca da atenção dispensada à população idosa pelo enfermeiro da equipe da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF).Tratou-se de uma pesquisa descritiva e exploratória com abordagem qualitativa. Os dados foram coletados a partir da técnica de entrevista e analisados pela Análise Temática. Participaram da pesquisa 06 idosos, sendo 04 do sexo masculino e 02 do sexo feminino. Foram construídas 3 categorias temáticas: 1- Acesso do idoso ao serviço de saúde; 2-Identificação do profissional enfermeiro; 3- A percepção do idoso frente a assistência de enfermagem prestada. O instrumento utilizado foi a entrevista semiestruturada, como tópico central: Qual a sua opinião sobre o atendimento do enfermeiro da sua unidade ESF? A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio de análise de conteúdo. Esperava-se que os idosos participantes desta pesquisa apresentarão respostas positivas, ao que tange o atendimento prestado pelo enfermeiro da unidade.(AU)


The aim was to identify the perception of the elderly about the care given to the elderly population by the nurse of the Family Health Strategy (ESF) team. It was a descriptive and exploratory study with a qualitative approach. Data were collected using the interview technique and analyzed by thematic analysis. The study included 06 elderly people, of whom 04 were male and 02 were female. Three thematic categories were constructed: 1- Access of the elderly to the health service; 2-Identification of the nurse professional; 3- The perception of the elderly before the nursing care provided. The instrument used was the semi structured interview, as a central topic: What is your opinion about the nurse's care of your ESF unit? Data analysis was performed through content analysis. It was expected that the elderly participants of this research will present positive responses, regarding the care provided by the unit's nurse.(AU)


Se objetivó identificar la percepción del anciano acerca de la atención dispensada a la población anciana por el enfermero del equipo de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia (ESF). Se desarrolló una investigación descriptiva y exploratoria con abordaje cualitativo. Los datos fueron recolectados a partir de la técnica de entrevista y analizados por el Análisis Temático. En el estudio participaron 6 ancianos, siendo 04 del sexo masculino y 02 del sexo femenino. Se construyeron 3 categorías temáticas: 1- Acceso del anciano al servicio de salud; 2-Identificación del profesional enfermero; 3- La percepción del anciano frente a la asistencia de enfermería prestada. El instrumento utilizado fue la entrevista semiestructurada, como tema central: ¿Cuál es su opinión sobre la atención del enfermero de su unidad ESF? El análisis de los datos fue realizado por medio de análisis de contenido. Se esperaba que los ancianos participantes de esta investigación presentaran respuestas positivas, al que se refiere la atención prestada por el enfermero de la unidad.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Health of the Elderly , Comprehensive Health Care , Health Services
10.
Mundo Saúde (Online) ; 43(1): 259-264, jan. 2019. tab, ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1000240

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship of nutritional status to body image and to cardiovascular risk of adolescents in public and private schools. This was a descriptive, cross-sectional and quantitative study performed in two schools from the State of São Paulo, involving 546 teenagers from both sexes. The Thompson & Gray device was used to identify body image; anthropometric data such as weight, height and the waist circumference were assessed. Statistical analysis used the following tests: Student t, Fisher, chi-squared and multiple correspondence analysis between variables collected from adolescents in both schools. In both schools, female gender, eutrophic nutritional status, absence of cardiovascular risk, and dissatisfaction with body image for overweight were prevalent. When comparing schools, the public schools showed more students with underweight and obese body mass indices (BMI), higher cardiovascular risk index and body image dissatisfaction related to thinness. On the other hand, the private school presented more students with a BMI of overweight, and dissatisfaction due to being overweight. The conclusion is that regardless of the nutritional status of adolescents, there is body image dissatisfaction in both schools, and high cardiovascular risk is predominant in the public school in overweight and obese students and may lead to cardiovascular diseases in adulthood


Identificar estado nutricional relacionado à imagem corporal e ao risco cardiovascular de adolescentes das escolas pública e privada. Trata se de um estudo descritivo, transversal e quantitativo realizado em duas escolas do Estado de São Paulo, sendo 546 adolescentes de ambos os sexos. Foi utilizado o instrumento de Thompson & Gray para identificar a imagem corporal; aferidos dados antropométricos como peso, altura e o perimetro da cintura. A Análise estatística utilizou os testes: t de Student, Fisher, qui-quadrado e análise de correspondência múltipla entre as variáveis coletadas dos adolescentes nas duas escolas. Em ambas as escolas, foi prevalente o sexo feminino, o estado nutricional estrófico, ausência do risco cardiovascular e a insatisfação com a imagem corporal para excesso de peso. Ao comparar as escolas, a escola pública apresentou mais alunos com o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) abaixo do peso e obesos, maior índice de risco cardiovascular e insatisfação da imagem corporal relacionada à magreza. Já a escola privada apresentou mais alunos com IMC de sobrepeso, insatisfeitos devido ao excesso de peso. Conclui-se que independente do estado nutricional dos adolescentes, há insatisfação da imagem corporal em ambas as escolas, e o risco cardiovascular elevado predominantemente na escola pública, em escolares com sobrepeso e obesidade podendo levar a doenças cardiovasculares na fase adulta


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Body Image , Cardiovascular Diseases , Body Mass Index
11.
Rev Lat Am Enfermagem ; 26: e3091, 2018 Nov 29.
Article in English, Portuguese, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30517579

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the impact of an educational and motivational intervention for patients with a chronic kidney disease, undergoing hemodialysis treatment, on the control of fluid intake during interdialytic periods. METHOD: a quasi-experimental, non-randomized clinical trial with patients from a Nephrological Unit of the State of São Paulo. Participants were included in two groups: Control Group with 106 patients and Intervention Group with 86 patients, totaling 192 participants. The used intervention was an educational and motivational video to control liquid intake, based on the Bandura's Theory. The measure of control of water intake was the percentage of lost weight, also considered the variable outcome of the research. For the data analysis, descriptive analyses and regression analysis of the Inflated Beta Model were used. RESULTS: patients who participated in the intervention had a decrease in the pattern of weight gain in interdialytic periods, with a 3.54 times more chance of reaching the goal of 100% of weight loss when compared to participants from the control group. CONCLUSION: the educational and motivational intervention was effective in reducing the percentage of weight loss in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry (ReBEC) under the opinion RBR-4XYTP6.


Subject(s)
Fluid Therapy/methods , Health Education , Kidney Failure, Chronic/prevention & control , Motivation , Water/administration & dosage , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Drinking , Female , Humans , Kidney Failure, Chronic/nursing , Male , Middle Aged , Regression Analysis , Renal Dialysis , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications , Weight Gain , Young Adult
12.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 31(6): 594-602, nov.- dez. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-979844

ABSTRACT

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality in the world and physical inactivity represents an important risk factor. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of physical inactivity in the adult population and its effects on blood pressure, blood glucose and lipid profile. Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study with stratified simple random sampling was conducted in 1,717 adults divided by age groups: 18-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69 and ≥ 70 years. The participants answered the physical activity questionnaire and were classified as physically active or inactive. The bootstrap statistical method was used to assess physical activity, associated with lipid profile and blood glucose levels. The level of significance was 5%. Results:The prevalence of physical inactivity in the general population was 65.8%. There was a significant difference in the group older than 70 years. There was a significant decrease in physical activity in the group with lower educational level, with a significant difference between social classes AB and C. The prevalence of hypertension was 27.5% among physically inactive and 21.4% among active individuals (p = 0.04). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 26.1% in inactive and 16.7% in the active individuals (p = 0.007). Total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and triglycerides levels were more elevated in the physically inactive group, which was not observed with high-density lipoprotein levels. Blood glucose was also higher in the inactive group. Conclusion: This study shows a high prevalence of physical inactivity and a positive correlation between risk factors for cardiovascular disease, mainly blood pressure, glucose and lipids profiles


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Blood Pressure , Exercise , Prevalence , Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology , Coronary Artery Disease , Brazil , Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality , Chronic Disease , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Risk Factors , Risk Assessment , Diabetes Mellitus , Sedentary Behavior , Hypertension , Cholesterol, HDL
13.
Rev Lat Am Enfermagem ; 26: e3040, 2018 Sep 03.
Article in English, Portuguese, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30183873

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: to identify the presence of compulsive overeating disorder in patients with cardiovascular diseases and to verify its relation with sociodemographic, clinical variables and the presence of anxiety and depressive symptoms. METHOD: cross-sectional, correlational study with a sample of 111 patients with cardiovascular diseases. The presence of anxiety and depressive symptoms was assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale instrument and compulsive overeating disorder was assessed through a likert instrument called the Periodic Eating Disorder Scale (Binge Eating Scale). RESULTS: there was a predominance of patients without compulsive overeating disorder (n=91, 82%), followed by moderated compulsive overeating (n=15, 13.5%) and severe (n=5, 4.5%) associating to high levels of body mass index (p=0.010) and the presence of anxiety (p=0.017). CONCLUSION: Compulsive overeating disorder was present in 18% of the patients, being associated with body mass index and anxiety, suggesting that health professionals should pay attention to the comprehensive evaluation of patients with cardiovascular diseases. Important results emerged from this study, emphasizing the need to implement programs to improve the patients' mental and physical health in both primary and specialized care services.


Subject(s)
Anxiety/complications , Cardiovascular Diseases/complications , Depression/complications , Food Addiction/complications , Hyperphagia/complications , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Socioeconomic Factors
14.
Acta Diabetol ; 55(12): 1237-1245, 2018 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30094725

ABSTRACT

AIMS: Several trials have reported that dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, used to treat type 2 diabetes (T2DM), improve endothelial function. The current study investigated the effects of vildagliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor, compared to glibenclamide on endothelial function, arterial stiffness, and blood pressure in patients with T2DM and hypertension. METHODS: Patients aged over 35 years with T2DM and hypertension, but without cardiovascular disease, were randomly allocated to treatment with vildagliptin (n = 25) or glibenclamide (n = 25). Both groups took metformin. Endothelial function was evaluated by peripheral artery tonometry (Endo-PAT 2000) to calculate the reactive hyperemia index (RHI) and arterial stiffness. Primary outcome was change in the RHI after 12 weeks of treatment. Twenty-four-hour non-invasive ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was performed using a Mobil-O-Graph® 24-h PWA monitor. Arterial stiffness was assessed using the augmentation index corrected for 75 bpm (AIx75), pulse wave velocity (PWV) and central systolic blood pressure (cSBP). RESULTS: There were no changes in the RHI in the vildagliptin group (before 2.35 ± 0.59; after 2.24 ± 0.60; p value = NS) or in the glibenclamide group (before 2.36 ± 0.52; after 2.34 ± 0.50; p value = NS), with no differences between groups (p value = NS). There was also no difference between vildagliptin and glibenclamide treatment in respect to AIx75 (p value = NS), cSBP (p value = NS) or PWV (p value = NS). CONCLUSIONS: Vildagliptin and glibenclamide similarly do not change the endothelial function and arterial stiffness after 12 weeks of treatment in diabetic and hypertensive patients without cardiovascular disease. Thus, vildagliptin has a neutral effect on vascular function. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02145611, registered on 11 Jun 2013.


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy , Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects , Glyburide/pharmacology , Hypertension/drug therapy , Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology , Vascular Stiffness/drug effects , Vildagliptin/pharmacology , Adult , Aged , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology , Endothelium, Vascular/physiology , Female , Glyburide/administration & dosage , Humans , Hypertension/complications , Hypoglycemic Agents/administration & dosage , Male , Middle Aged , Pulse Wave Analysis , Vildagliptin/administration & dosage
15.
Ciênc. cuid. saúde ; 17(2): e42045, abr. -jun.2018. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1375039

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Este estudo objetivou analisar as características sociodemográficas e clínicas de idosos, vítimas de trauma, atendidos em uma unidade de pronto atendimento de um hospital de ensino. Método descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, realizado em um serviço de referência em urgência e emergência, por meio de análise de 2113 prontuários eletrônicos referentes aos anos de 2014 e 2015. Para análise estatística utilizou-se Qui-quadrado, T Student e do coeficiente de correlação de Spearman, com nível de significância de 5%. A maioria dos idosos com idade entre 60 e 80 anos, do sexo feminino, com ensino fundamental incompleto, casado, cor branca e profissão do lar. As principais especialidades médica foram ortopedia/traumatologia e cirurgia geral e os diagnósticos mais frequentes foram traumas não especificados, seguidos de fraturas de extremidades e do fêmur. O desfecho clínico predominante foi a internação hospitalar em setor específico de ortopedia e traumatologia. Houve associação entre as variáveis tipos de traumas com a idade de cada idoso e entre os tipos de trauma e sexo, com predomínio do sexo feminino entre todos. Portanto, a enfermagem deve intervir na prevenção de trauma em idosos, com atenção especial às mulheres de idade avançada.


RESUMEN Este estudio analizou las características sociodemográficas y clínicas de adultos mayores víctimas de trauma, atendidos en la unidad de emergencias de un hospital escuela. Método descriptivo con abordaje cuantitativa realizado en un servicio de referencia en emergencias, por medio del análisis de 2.113 registros médicos electrónicos referentes a los años de 2014 y 2015. Para análisis estadístico se utilizó el test del qui-cuadrado, el test t-Student y el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman, con un nivel de significancia del 5%. La edad de la mayoría de los adultos mayores era de 60 a 80 años, del sexo femenino, con enseñanza primaria incompleta, casadas, de raza blanca y amas de casa. Las principales especialidades médicas fueron ortopedia/traumatología y cirugía general. Los diagnósticos más frecuentes fueron traumas no especificados, seguidos de fracturas de las extremidades y del fémur. El desenlace clínico predominante fue la internación hospitalaria en sector específico de ortopedia y traumatología. Hubo asociación entre los tipos de traumas con la edad de cada adulto mayor y entre los tipos de trauma con sexo, predominando el sexo femenino. Por lo tanto, la enfermería debe intervenir en la prevención de traumas en adultos mayores, con atención especial a las mujeres de edad avanzada.


ABSTRACT This study analyzed the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of older adult victims of trauma cared for in the emergency care unit of a teaching hospital. Method descriptive study with a quantitative approach performed in a reference emergency service, through the assessment of 2,113 electronic medical records of 2014 and 2015. The Chi-square test, Student t-test, and Spearman's correlation coefficients with 5% significance level were used for the statistical analysis. The majority of the older adults were female, aged between 60 and 80 years, white, with incomplete primary education, married, and housewives. The main medical specialties were orthopedics/traumatology and general surgery, and the most frequent diagnoses were unspecified traumas, followed by upper-and lower-limb fractures and femoral fractures. The prevalent clinical outcome was hospitalization in a specific sector of orthopedics and traumatology. There was an association between the types of trauma and the age of each older adult, and between the types of trauma and sex, with prevalence of female older adults. Therefore, nursing should intervene in the prevention of trauma in older adults with special attention to old aged women.

16.
Rev. latinoam. enferm. (Online) ; 26: e3040, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-961187

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify the presence of compulsive overeating disorder in patients with cardiovascular diseases and to verify its relation with sociodemographic, clinical variables and the presence of anxiety and depressive symptoms. Method: cross-sectional, correlational study with a sample of 111 patients with cardiovascular diseases. The presence of anxiety and depressive symptoms was assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale instrument and compulsive overeating disorder was assessed through a likert instrument called the Periodic Eating Disorder Scale (Binge Eating Scale). Results: there was a predominance of patients without compulsive overeating disorder (n=91, 82%), followed by moderated compulsive overeating (n=15, 13.5%) and severe (n=5, 4.5%) associating to high levels of body mass index (p=0.010) and the presence of anxiety (p=0.017). Conclusion: Compulsive overeating disorder was present in 18% of the patients, being associated with body mass index and anxiety, suggesting that health professionals should pay attention to the comprehensive evaluation of patients with cardiovascular diseases. Important results emerged from this study, emphasizing the need to implement programs to improve the patients' mental and physical health in both primary and specialized care services.


RESUMO Objetivos: identificar a presença de compulsão alimentar em pacientes com doenças cardiovasculares e verificar sua relação com variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas e presença de sintomas ansiosos e depressivos. Método: estudo correlacional, de corte transversal, com amostra constituída por 111 pacientes com doenças cardiovasculares. A presença de sintomas ansiosos e depressivos foi avaliada pelo instrumento hospital anxiety and depression scale e a compulsão alimentar foi avaliada por meio de um instrumento likert denominado Escala de compulsão alimentar periódica (binge eating scale). Resultados: houve predomínio de pacientes sem compulsão alimentar (n=91; 82%), seguida da presença de pacientes com compulsão alimentar moderada (n=15; 13,5%) e grave (n=5; 4,5%), sendo associada a níveis elevados de índice de massa corporal (p=0,010) e à presença de sintomas ansiosos (p=0,017). Conclusão: a compulsão alimentar esteve presente em 18% dos pacientes, estando associada ao índice de massa corporal e à ansiedade, sugerindo que os profissionais da saúde devem se atentar para a avaliação integral do paciente com doenças cardiovasculares. Importantes resultados emergiram deste estudo, ressaltando a necessidade da implementação de programas para melhorar a saúde mental e física dos pacientes em serviços de atenção tanto primária como especializada.


RESUMEN Objetivos: identificar la presencia de compulsión alimenticia en pacientes con enfermedades cardiovasculares y verificar su relación con las variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y la presencia de síntomas ansiosos y depresivos. Método: estudio correlacional, de corte transversal, con muestra constituida por 111 pacientes con enfermedades cardiovasculares. La presencia de síntomas ansiosos y depresivos fue evaluada con el instrumento Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale y la compulsión alimenticia fue evaluada por medio de una escala tipo Likert denominada Escala de Compulsión Alimenticia Periódica (Binge Eating Scale). Resultados: hubo predominio de pacientes sin compulsión alimenticia (n=91; 82%), seguida de la presencia de compulsión alimenticia moderada (n=15; 13,5%) y grave (n=5; 4,5%), siendo asociada a niveles elevados de índice de masa corporal (p=0,010) y a la presencia de síntomas ansiosos (p=0,017). Conclusión: la compulsión alimenticia estuvo presente en 18% de los pacientes, estando asociada al índice de masa corporal y a la ansiedad, sugiriendo que los profesionales de la salud deben prestar atención a la evaluación integral del paciente con enfermedades cardiovasculares. Importantes resultados surgieron de ese estudio, destacándose la necesidad de la implementación de programas para mejorar la salud mental y física de los pacientes, tanto en servicios de atención primaria como especializada.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anxiety/complications , Cardiovascular Diseases/complications , Hyperphagia/complications , Depression/complications , Food Addiction/complications , Socioeconomic Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies
17.
Rev. latinoam. enferm. (Online) ; 26: e3091, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-978606

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the impact of an educational and motivational intervention for patients with a chronic kidney disease, undergoing hemodialysis treatment, on the control of fluid intake during interdialytic periods. Method: a quasi-experimental, non-randomized clinical trial with patients from a Nephrological Unit of the State of São Paulo. Participants were included in two groups: Control Group with 106 patients and Intervention Group with 86 patients, totaling 192 participants. The used intervention was an educational and motivational video to control liquid intake, based on the Bandura's Theory. The measure of control of water intake was the percentage of lost weight, also considered the variable outcome of the research. For the data analysis, descriptive analyses and regression analysis of the Inflated Beta Model were used. Results: patients who participated in the intervention had a decrease in the pattern of weight gain in interdialytic periods, with a 3.54 times more chance of reaching the goal of 100% of weight loss when compared to participants from the control group. Conclusion: the educational and motivational intervention was effective in reducing the percentage of weight loss in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry (ReBEC) under the opinion RBR-4XYTP6.


RESUMO Objetivo: analisar o impacto de uma intervenção educativa e motivacional para pacientes com doença renal crônica em tratamento hemodialítico, no controle do consumo de líquidos, nos períodos interdialíticos. Método: estudo quase experimental do tipo ensaio clínico não randomizado, com pacientes de uma Unidade Nefrológica no interior do Estado de São Paulo. Os participantes foram inseridos em dois grupos: Grupo Controle com 106 pacientes e Grupo Intervenção com 86 pacientes, totalizando 192 participantes do estudo. A intervenção utilizada tratou-se de um vídeo educativo e motivacional para controle do consumo de líquidos, baseado na Teoria de Bandura. A medida de controle da ingestão hídrica foi o percentual de peso perdido, também considerado a variável desfecho da pesquisa. Para a análise dos dados foram utilizadas análises descritivas e análise de regressão do Modelo Beta Inflacionado. Resultados: os pacientes que participaram da intervenção apresentaram diminuição no padrão de ganho de peso nos períodos interdialíticos, com 3,54 vezes mais chance de atingir a meta de 100% de perda de peso, comparados aos participantes do grupo controle. Conclusão: a intervenção educativa e motivacional mostrou-se efetiva na diminuição do porcentual de perda de peso dos pacientes em hemodiálise. Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos (ReBEC), sob o parecer RBR-4XYTP6.


RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar el impacto de una intervención educativa y motivacional para pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en tratamiento hemodialítico, en el control del consumo de líquidos, en los periodos interdialíticos. Método: estudio casi experimental del tipo ensayo clínico no aleatorio, con pacientes de una Unidad Nefrológica en el interior del Estado de São Paulo. Los participantes fueron inseridos en dos grupos: Grupo Control con 106 pacientes y Grupo Intervención con 86 pacientes, totalizando 192 participantes del estudio. La intervención utilizada se trató de un video educativo y motivacional para el control del consumo de líquidos, basado en la Teoría de Bandura. La medida de control de la ingestión hídrica fue el porcentaje de peso perdido, también considerado la variable de resultado de la investigación. Para el análisis de los datos fueron utilizados análisis descriptivos y análisis de regresión del Modelo Beta aumentado. Resultados: los pacientes que participaron de la intervención presentaron disminución en el patrón de ganancia de peso en los periodos interdialíticos, con 3,54 veces más chances de alcanzar la meta de 100% de pérdida de peso, comparados a los participantes del grupo de control. Conclusión: la intervención educativa y motivacional se mostró efectiva en la disminución del porcentaje de pérdida de peso de los pacientes en hemodiálisis. Registro Brasileño de Ensayos Clínicos (ReBEC), bajo el dictamen RBR-4XYTP6.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Renal Dialysis/methods , Drinking/physiology , Fluid Therapy/methods , Kidney Failure, Chronic/prevention & control , Health Education , Regression Analysis , Kidney Failure, Chronic/physiopathology
18.
Rev. Baiana Enferm. (Online) ; 32: e24975, 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | BDENF - Nursing, LILACS | ID: biblio-977321

ABSTRACT

Objetivo identificar a prática pedagógica e a formação de docentes de Cursos de Graduação em Enfermagem. Método estudo transversal, descritivo e quantitativo, que aplicou questionário em instituições privadas e pública no estado de São Paulo, Brasil, entre junho e agosto de 2014. Resultados docentes da instituição pública tinham idades, titulação, tempo na docência, carga horária e formação didática superiores às dos docentes das instituições privadas. Quanto às práticas, na pública, havia mais discussão de casos; nas privadas, prevaleceu o trabalho em grupo. Nas privadas, diferente da pública, os docentes elaboravam individualmente o planejamento e diagnosticavam necessidades de aprendizagem, porém não havia interdisciplinaridade. A maior dificuldade na pública foi falta de compromisso docente; nas privadas, precarização nas relações de trabalho. Conclusão as significativas diferenças identificadas em relação à prática pedagógica e à formação de docentes de Cursos de Graduação em Enfermagem repercutiram na qualificação e nas condições de trabalho desses profissionais.


Objetivo identificar la práctica pedagógica y la formación de docentes de Cursos de Pregrado en Enfermería. Método estudio trasversal, descriptivo y cuantitativo, que aplicó cuestionario en instituciones privadas y pública en el estado de São Paulo, Brasil, entre junio y agosto del 2014. Resultados docentes de la institución pública poseían edades, titulación, tiempo de experiencia en la docencia, carga horaria y formación didáctica superiores a las de los docentes de las instituciones privadas. Respecto a las prácticas, en la pública, ocurría mayor discusión de casos; en las privadas, prevaleció el trabajo en grupo. En las privadas, diferente de la pública, los docentes elaboraban la planificación individualmente y diagnosticaban necesidades de aprendizaje, pero sin interdisciplinariedad. La mayor dificultad en la pública fue falta de compromiso docente; en las privadas, precarización en las relaciones de trabajo. Conclusión las diferencias significativas identificadas con relación a la práctica pedagógica y a la formación de docentes de Cursos de Pregrado en Enfermería repercutieron en la cualificación y en las condiciones de trabajo de esos profesionales.


Objectiv to identify the pedagogical practice and training of teachers in Undergraduate Nursing Programs. Method cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative study, in which a questionnaire was applied at private and public institutions in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, between June and August 2014. Results the ages, degrees, length of experience, hour load and didactical training of the teachers at the public institutions were superior to those of the teachers at the private institutions. As regards the practices, at the public institution, more case discussions took place; at the private institutions, group work prevailed. At the latter, different from the former, the teachers individually elaborated the planning and diagnosed learning needs, but without interdisciplinarity. The main difficulty at the public institution was the teachers' lack of commitment, against the precarious employment relationships at the private institutions. Conclusion the significant differences identified in the pedagogical practice and training of teachers from Undergraduate Nursing Programs influenced these professionals' qualification and employment conditions.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Nursing Faculty Practice , Education, Nursing , Health Human Resource Training , Faculty, Nursing/trends , Courses , Faculty
19.
Arch. Health Sci. (Online) ; 24(4): 3-7, 22/12/2017.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1046662

ABSTRACT

Introdução: O transplante renal é uma terapia renal substitu-tiva que proporciona resultados mais expressivos na qualidade de vida do paciente dialítico. A sobrevida do enxerto depende do tipo de doador (falecido ou vivo), se houve complicações no pós-operatório e se adquiriu infecções (trato urinário, do trato respiratório, das sondas e da ferida operatória). Objeti-vos: Caracterizar os fatores sociodemográficos e clínicos dos transplantados renais que tiveram perda do enxerto renal; cor-relacionar a causa da perda do enxerto com o tempo e a idade do transplantado renal. Material e Métodos: estudo retrospec-tivo, descritivo, de natureza quantitativa realizado na unidade de transplante renal de um hospital do interior paulista, com 63 pacientes transplantados renais que tiveram a perda do enxerto, no período de janeiro de 2010 a dezembro de 2015. Resulta-dos: Entre os 63 pacientes, a média de idade foi de 42,4±12,4 anos, sexo masculino (60,3%), casados (57,1%) e escolaridade entre 05 e 08 anos de estudo (54%). O serviço mais utilizado foi o Sistema Único de Saúde (74,6%). A doença de base foi a Hipertensão Arterial (85,7%). A duração do transplante variou de zero dia a 53,8 meses, média de 10,9 meses. Analisando a idade e a causa da perda do enxerto, nos menores de 60 anos prevaleceu a glomerulonefrite. Ao se comparar a causa da per-da do enxerto, em pacientes submetidos ao transplante renal, verificou-se que houve correlação com a idade(coeficiente = 0,30; p = 0,01). Conclusão: Os resultados possibilitaram ca-racterizar que os transplantados renais que tiveram perda do enxerto no período do estudo eram homens, de idade produti-va, casados, com baixa escolaridade, usuários do sistema único de saúde e com doença de base hipertensão arterial. Verificou-se que houve correlação da causa da perda do enxerto com a idade do transplantado.


Introduction: Kidney transplantation is a renal replacement therapy that provides more expressive results in the dialysis patient's quality of life. The survival rate of the graft depends on the type of donor (deceased or living), whether he/she had complications in the postoperative period, and whether he/she acquired infections (urinary tract, respiratory tract, probes and surgical wound). Material and Methods: We carried out a retrospective, descriptive study using a quantitative approach at the renal transplant unit of a hospital in the inland of São Paulo State, Brazil, with 63 renal transplant patients who had graft loss from January 2010 to December 2015. Results:Among the 63 patients, the mean age was 42.4 ± 12.4 years, the majority was male (60.3%), married (57.1%), and they had a length of study between 05 and 08 years of schooling (54%). The most used health care service was the Unified Health System (74.6%). The underlying disease was Arterial Hypertension (85.7%). The length of transplantation time ranged from zero days to 53.8 months, mean of 10.9 months. Analyzing the age and cause of graft loss, glomerulonephritis prevailed in those aged 60 and younger. When comparing the cause of graft loss, there was a correlation with age (coefficient = 0.30, p = 0.01) in patients undergoing kidney transplantation. Conclusion: The results allowed characterizing the renal transplant recipients who had graft loss in the study period. They were men of a productive age, married, with low level of education, and users of the unified health system. They also had arterial hypertension as the underlying disease. It was verified that there was correlation between the cause of the graft loss and the age of transplant recipients


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Aged , Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects , Transplants/physiopathology , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications
20.
REME rev. min. enferm ; 21: e-1058, 2017. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-907933

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: analisar a taxa das peritonites no Serviço de Diálise Peritoneal de um Hospital-Escola e conhecer o perfil dos pacientes do programa de diálise peritoneal. Metodologia: estudo observacional, descritivo, retrospectivo, de natureza quantitativa, realizado no serviço de diálise no interior de São Paulo de janeiro a dezembro de 2015. RESULTADOS: dos 39 pacientes em diálise peritoneal, 51,3% eram do sexo masculino, 64,1% não idosos, 51,3% procediam de outros municípios, 69,2% aposentados, 66,7% estavam em diálise peritoneal ambulatorial contínua, 43,6% estavam em tratamento de um a dois anos e 79,5% não estavam na lista de transplante, sendo 41% em virtude de início recente na terapia. Dos 20 pacientes que apresentaram peritonite, 50% tiveram dois episódios no ano, 20% causados por Staphylococcus aureus. Em 90% o antibiótico foi administrado por via endovenosa, 95% tiveram associação de antibióticos, sendo os mais comuns ceftazidima, vancomicina e cefalotina. Dos 90% dos pacientes que saíram da terapia, 65% eram do sexo feminino, 55% moravam no município da instituição de tratamento, 70% eram aposentados e 65% estavam em diálise peritoneal ambulatorial contínua, com média de idade de 56 anos (DP=14,6 anos) e média de 1,7 ano de tratamento. A taxa de peritonite em diálise peritoneal ambulatorial contínua e diálise peritoneal automatizada foi de 2,79% e em diálise peritoneal intermitente 13,33%. CONCLUSÃO: a maioria dos pacientes que teve peritonite eram mulheres. A média de peritonites foi maior entre as pessoas com menos idade e menos tempo de tratamento e 90% dos pacientes saíram da terapia.


Objective: analyze peritonitis rates in the Peritoneal Dialysis Service of a university hospital and identify the profile of patients attending the peritoneal dialysis program. Methods: This observational, retrospective, and descriptive study with a quantitative approach was conducted at adialysis service in the interior of São Paulo, Brazil, from January to December 2015. Results: Of the 39 patients on peritoneal dialysis, 51.3% were men;64.1% were non-elderly patients; 51.3% were from towns other than where the service was located; 69.2% were retired; 66.7% were in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis; the duration of treatment of 43.6% ranged from one to two years; 79.5% were not on the transplant waiting list;and 41% had recently started therapy. Of the 20 patients presenting peritonitis, 50% had two episodes and 20% of the episodes were causedby Staphylococcus aureus. The antibiotic was administered intravenously in 90% of the patients; antibiotics were associated with ceftazidime, vancomycin or cephalothin (the most common ones) in 95%. Among those who dropped out of therapy (90%): 65% were women, 55% lived in thesame town as the health facility; 70% were retired; 65% were undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, and were aged 56 years old onaverage, while treatment duration was 1.7 years on average. The peritonitis rate among those on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis andautomated peritoneal dialysis was 2.79%, while 13.33% were on intermittent peritoneal dialysis. Conclusion: Most patients with peritonitis werewomen, lived in the same town as the facility, were retired and underwent continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, and treatment duration was1.7 years on average, and 90% of the patients dropped out of therapy.


Objetivo: analizar la tasa de peritonitis en el servicio de diálisis peritoneal de un hospital escuela; conocer el perfil de los pacientes del programa dediálisis peritoneal. Metodología: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo, cuantitativo realizado en el servicio de diálisis de un hospital delinterior del estado de São Paulo, entre enero y diciembre de 2015. Resultados: De los 39 pacientes en diálisis peritoneal, 51,3% eran varones, 64,1% noancianos, 51,3% venían de otros municipios, 69,2% jubilados, 66,7% en diálisis peritoneal continua ambulatoria, 43,6% en tratamiento entre uno y dosaños,79,5% no estaban en la lista de trasplantes y, entre ellos, 41% habían reiniciado recientemente el tratamiento. De los 20 paciente que presentaron peritonitis, 50% tuvieron dos episodios en el año, 20% causado por Staphylococcus aureus. En 90%, el antibiótico se administró vía venosa, 95%tuvieron asociación de antibióticos, siendo los más comunes ceftazidima, vancomicina y cefalotina, y 90% de los pacientes interrumpieron la terapia,65% eran mujeres, 55% vivían en el municipio de la institución de tratamiento, 70% eran jubilados y 65% estaban en CAPD con promedio de 56 añosde edad y 1,7 años de tratamiento. La tasa de peritonitis en diálisis peritoneal continua ambulatoria y diálisis peritoneal automatizada fue de 2,79%y en diálisis peritoneal intermitente 13,33%. Conclusión: Entre los pacientes con peritonitis, la mayoría eran mujeres, el promedio de peritonitis fuemayor entre las personas más jóvenes y con menos tiempo de tratamiento y 90% de los pacientes interrumpieron el tratamiento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Peritoneal Dialysis , Peritonitis/diagnosis , Peritonitis/epidemiology , Peritonitis/prevention & control , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications , Socioeconomic Factors
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