Association between values of anthropometric indicators, Total Antioxidant Capacity and Malondialdehyde in adults: a population-based study

Background: Research regarding the correlation between obesity and oxidative stress is important due to the health complications they entail and elucidating this association through the waist-to-height ratio is of great interest because it is an important anthropometric indicator of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases’ risk associated with obesity. The aim of this study was to gain a better understanding of the association between waist-to-height ratio and total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde values in adults. Methods: A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted in 265 individuals from a municipality in northeastern Brazil. Epidemiological data were collected, and anthropometric and biochemical evaluations were performed. To achieve the objectives proposed by the study, linear regression was performed. Results: In the total sample, more than half of the participants were overweight or obese. The mean value of 54 cm (SD±10) waist-to-height ratio, with the majority of adults (65.28%) presenting with slight elevation waist-to-height ratio. A correlation was found between waist-to-height ratio and BMI with the values of total antioxidant capacity (t= -2.96; p=0.003) and malondialdehyde (t=2.87, p=0.004), as well as LDL (t=3.19, p=0.002), triglycerides (t=3.17; p=0.002). Conclusion: Abdominal obesity, reflected by a slight elevation in the waist-to-height ratio, corroborated by BMI was indicated as an aggravating factor in oxidative stress increase because it was positively related with malondialdehyde values and negatively with total antioxidant capacity values in this adult population. (AU)

Condutas para o manejo da anorexia em cuidados paliativos: revisão integrativa / Management approach for anorexia in palliative care: an integrative literature review / Conducta para el manejo de anorexia en cuidado paliativo: revisión integradora

Objetivo: Identificar as evidências científicas acerca das condutas para o manejo da anorexia em cuidados paliativos. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, cujo levantamento bibliográfico dos dados deu-se através da pesquisa em quatro bases de dados/bibliotecas virtuais. Incluíram-se artigos em português, inglês e espanhol, publicados nos últimos dez anos e com o texto completo disponível. Resultados: Foram elegíveis 25 artigos, e foram atribuídos dois eixos temáticos para melhor ilustrar os dados encontrados: o manejo farmacológico e o não-farmacológico. Corticosteroides, progestinas, anamorelina e dronabinol foram os fármacos mais pesquisados para o controle da anorexia, com maiores evidências de eficácia nos 3 primeiros. No contexto não-farmacológico, o aconselhamento nutricional foi a medida mais indicada, incluindo a fortificação de alimentos e uso de suplementos e a nutrição artificial mais controversa. Conclusão: Os achados desta revisão podem colaborar para a elaboração de protocolos para o manejo da anorexia em cuidados paliativos

Objective: The study's main goal has been to identify scientific evidence on the management of anorexia in palliative care. Methods: This is an integrative review, whose data collection occurred by researching four databases/virtual libraries. Articles in Portuguese, English, and Spanish, published over the last ten years and with the full text available, were included. Results: 25 articles were selected, and two thematic axes were assigned to better illustrate the data found: pharmacological and non-pharmacological management. Corticosteroids, progestins, anamorelin, and dronabinol were the most-researched drugs for the control of anorexia, with greater evidence of effectiveness for the first three. In the non-pharmacological treatment, nutritional counseling was the most recommended measure, including the fortification of foods and the use of supplements and the more-controversial artificial nutrition. Conclusion: The findings of this review may aid in the development of protocols for the treatment of anorexia in palliative care

Objetivo: El propósito principal del estudio ha sido identificar evidencia científica sobre el manejo de la anorexia en los cuidados paliativos. Métodos: Esta es una revisión integradora, cuya investigación bibliográfica de datos ocurrió mediante búsqueda en cuatro bases de datos/bibliotecas virtuales. Se incluyeron artículos en portugués, inglés y español, publicados en los últimos diez años y con texto completo disponible. Resultados: Fueron elegibles 25 artículos, siendo atribuidos dos ejes temáticos para ilustrar mejor los datos encontrados: el manejo farmacológico y el no farmacológico. Corticosteroides, progestinas, anamorelina y dronabinol han sido los fármacos más buscados para el control de la anorexia, con mayores evidencias de eficacia en los 3 primeros. En el contexto no farmacológico, el asesoramiento nutricional fue la medida más indicada, incluyendo la fortificación de alimentos y uso de suplementos y la nutrición artificial más controversia. Conclusión: Los hallados de esta revisión pueden colaborar para la elaboración de protocolos para el manejo de la anorexia en cuidados paliativos

Influence of the C677T Polymorphism of the MTHFR Gene on Oxidative Stress in Women With Overweight or Obesity: Response to a Dietary Folate Intervention.

The C677T polymorphism of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene (MTHFR) is related to folate metabolism and can alter the levels of biochemical markers.Objective: Investigate the influence of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism on the effects of a dietary folate intervention on oxidative stress in women with overweight or obesity.Methods: Forty-eight adult women with overweight or obesity were subjected to a 24-hour dietary recall, anthropometric measurements, biochemical analysis, and genotyping of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism. They were allocated by convenience sampling to 2 groups, which received 300 g of folate-rich vegetables containing 191 µg/d (Group 1) (n = 24) or 95 µg/d (Group 2) (n = 24) of folate for 8 weeks.Results: The dietary intervention increased the serum folic acid levels in the 2 analyzed groups. The intervention with 191 µg/d of folate led to relevant results in terms of homocysteine levels (p = 0.0005) and total antioxidant capacity (p = 0.0261); the effect was larger among carriers of the TT genotype.Conclusions: The study demonstrated the beneficial effect of folate intake in terms of a TAC elevation for the CC and TT genotypes of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism, an increase in folic acid levels for all genotypes, and a reduction in the Hcy levels for the TT genotype in response to an intervention consisting of an intake of 191 µg/d of folate supplied by vegetables.

Ação do Pet - Saúde na Construção de Projetos Terapêuticos Singulares: Relato de Experiência / The actions of “PET-Saúde” in the Development of Singular Therapeutic Projects: An Experience Report

Relatar a experiência de acadêmicos e profissionaisda área de saúde na construção de Projetos TerapêuticosSingulares (PTS) para portadores de Doenças Crônicas Não-Transmissíveis (DCNT) junto à Estratégia Saúde da Famíliado bairro do Grotão, Município de João Pessoa-PB, a partirda ação do Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para Saúde(Pet-Saúde), desenvolvido nos anos de 2013 e 2014,vinculado à Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) emconvênio com a Secretaria Municipal de Saúde (SMS), JoãoPessoa/PB/Brasil. Relato de Experiência: Refletindo sobreos desafios e contribuições do PET-Saúde na formaçãoprofissional e nos serviços de saúde e sabendo do crescenteaumento de portadores de Doenças Crônicas Não-Transmissíveis (DCNT) no Brasil, foram construídos ProjetosTerapêuticos Singulares favorecendo um trabalhointerdisciplinar com a equipe e viabilizando o uso do PTS naAtenção Básica. Os alunos e a equipe de saúde envolvidosno projeto realizaram conversas, ações lúdicas, dieta, entreoutras atividades. Sempre de forma interdisciplinar, o PTSjunto aos usuários, proporcionou melhorias da qualidade devida e a mudança por hábitos saudáveis. Conclusões:Observou-se que o PET-Saúde contribuiu com estratégiasinterdisciplinares na produção do cuidado ao usuário,colaborando de forma pertinente com a formação profissionale criando novas perspectivas ao processo de trabalho dosprofissionais de saúde, utilizando para tanto, o PTS comoinstrumento de intervenção na vida dos portadores de DCNT...

To report the experience of university studentsand health professionals in the development of SingularTherapeutic Projects (STPs) for people with chronic noncommunicablediseases (CNCD). STPs were developed aspart of the actions of the “PET-Saúde” (Education Programfor Health Work) together with the Family Health Team ofGrotão in the city of João Pessoa, PB, between 2013 and2014. The “PET-Saúde” is a partnership of the FederalUniversity of Paraíba (UFPB) with the Municipal HealthDepartment. Experience Report: STPs were developed takinginto account the challenges and contributions of “PET-Saúde”in vocational training and health service and also theincreasing number of patients with chronic non-communicablediseases (CNCD) in Brazil. This process favored aninterdisciplinary work with the health care team and enabledthe use of STPs in primary care. The students and the healthprofessionals embracing this project performed dialoguesections, ludic activities, nutritional orientation, among otheractivities. Under an interdisciplinary perspective, the STPsimproved the users’ quality of life and favored a healthy lifestyle. Conclusions: The “PET-Saúde” contributed withinterdisciplinary strategies to provide care to the user. Inaddition, this project impacted positively professional trainingand the creation of new perspectives on the workingprocess, and STPs were used as an intervention instrumentin the lives of people with NCDs...