Management of mucoid cysts of the oral cavity: Cases series and review.

INTRODUCTION: A mucoid cyst is a benign lesion in the oral mucosa resulting from the rupture of a salivary gland duct and the subsequent discharge of mucin into the soft tissues. Mucoceles are more common in children and young adults, and the most common site is the lower inner lips. CASES SERIES PRESENTATION: We describe 3 clinical cases managed in service between 2022 and 2023. Clinical cases are presented in order to detail their clinical history, paraclinical and treatment. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In general, mucoceles tend to resolve spontaneously, but can sometimes interfere with swallowing or speech. Therefore, in such cases, these lesions must be promptly diagnosed and treated. There are various methods of managing these lesions, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Surgical technique is preferable when the lesion is persistent, recurrent or symptomatic, and remains the most effective strategy, despite the existence of other, more modern techniques that are better tolerated by patients. But in all cases, follow-up is very important, especially when the mucocele is located in a particular area, such as the ventral side of the tongue, or in a younger population.

A giant peripheral ossifying fibroma of the mandible: A rare case report.

INTRODUCTION: Peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF) is an unusual localized, reactive benign gingival growth. POF is usually small in size, it's measure <2 cm in diameter, but rarely reaches important sizes. The aim of this work was to present a rare case report of a giant peripheral ossifying fibroma of the mandible measuring >2 cm in diameter, misdiagnosed as peripheral myxoma. CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a 42-year-old woman with a large peripheral ossifying fibroma in the oral cavity measuring 6 × 4 cm in diameter. The patient presented with an asymptomatic, slowly growing gingival mass in the left anterior and posterior region of the mandible. It gradually increased in size for more than two years. The patient had a mild mental deficit; however, we performed biopsy surgery, which revealed a peripheral myxoma, and then treated the tumor by excision under local anesthesia. The final histopathological examination revealed a peripheral ossifying fibroma. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: This case report shows that POF can grow and reach unusual dimensions that may contribute to occlusal problems. The diagnosis of POF is based on clinical and radiographic features. The histopathological examination of the biopsy specimen can misdiagnose the lesion; therefore, the final diagnosis is based on the histopathological examination of the complete excised lesion. CONCLUSION: POF is usually small, but can reach a larger size. The histopathological examination of the entire lesion is of paramount importance to make a final diagnosis.

Retrospective cross-sectional study of 34 cases of pernicious anemia at Mohammed V Military Training Hospital, Morocco.

Introduction: pernicious anemia is an autoimmune disease characterized by atrophic gastritis due to malabsorption of vitamin B12. Certain oral manifestations, such as Hunter´s glossitis and burning mouth syndrome, may precede the onset of this anemia. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical presentation, para-clinical aspects, the treatment, and the evolution of the pernicious anemia (PA) after treatment. Methods: retrospective study conducted at the Department of Haematology and Internal Medicine B of the Mohammed V Military Training Hospital in Rabat between January 2009 and December 2018. Thirty-four patients were enrolled with vitamin B12 deficiency, non-regenerative macrocytic anemia, a positive anti-intrinsic factor antibody and anti-parietal cell antibody and a histological diagnosis of atrophic gastritis in the presence or not of Helicobacter pylori. The qualitative variables were expressed in numbers and percentages, and the quantitative variables in mean and standard deviation. Multivariate analysis used the Fischer test; it was considered significant for a p < 0.05 value. Results: thirty-four cases were studied; the population study consists of 56% (n=19) of men and 44% (n=15) of women. The average age was 54.88± 9.14. The clinical manifestations of pernicious anemia are dominated by megaloblastic anemia 85.3% (n=29), followed by digestive 58.8%(n=20) and oral 55.9% (n=19) signs. Neurological manifestations were rarely found in 41% (n=14). Hunter´s glossitis 37% (n=7), stomatodynia 11% (n=2) were the most common oral manifestations accompanying pernicious anemia. The evolution was favorable in 79.4% (n=27) patients under substitution therapy with vitamin B12. Conclusion: dentists´ involvement in the diagnosis of pernicious anemia is based on changes in oral mucous membranes, which have been reported in 55.9% of all patients. These oral changes may occur in the absence of symptomatic anemia.

Traumatic ulcer of the tongue mimicking a malignant lesion: Case report.

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: The most prevalent oral ulcers are those caused by trauma, and their etiopathogenesis has been frequently obvious. Yet, oral ulcers can be misdiagnosed and managed incorrectly. CASE PRESENTATION: A 25-year-old patient presented to our service with a painful lesion on the right lateral border of the tongue that had evolved for one week. A possible traumatic factor was identified. The ulcer completely recovered once the trauma's cause was removed. An accurate diagnosis was achieved by combining a precise physical examination with clinical follow-up. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Single oral ulcers have various clinical presentations that can be confusing. Some of them may mimic oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), especially when accompanied by any induration. Determining the cause of oral ulceration requires a careful medical history and a clinical examination with inspection and palpation, which may be combined with other accessory investigations if necessary. CONCLUSION: This clinical case reinforces the importance of investigating local causes before moving on to systemic ones. We present differential diagnosis and management algorithm of single oral ulcers.

Numb chin syndrome revealing a mandibular metastasis: Case report.

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Numb chin syndrome (NCS), although rare, is an important clinical finding. It may be a metastatic neurologic manifestation of malignancy, often with no clinically visible pathologic finding. CASE PRESENTATION: A 40-year-old female, with prior history of breast cancer, presented to our service with complaint of pain and left mandibular hypoesthesia for four months. Panoramic showed several irregular osteolytic lesions of the mandibular body. CT-scan images showed a large irregular hypodense lesion and a tissue infiltration of the left mandibular body blowing the buccal cortex. Histopathology showed a neoplastic proliferation of carcinomatous cells positive for the cytokeratin AE1/AE3. A diagnosis of breast carcinoma mandibular metastasis was made. The patient was referred sent to the oncology committee. She was treated with Palbociclib and hormone therapy. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: In the oral cavity, the mandible is the most common site for metastasis. Metastatic tumors of the oral cavity may be asymptomatic or present different non-pathognomonic. Numb chin syndrome which is considered as an important presentation of oral metastases. The consideration of malignancy as a differential diagnosis may help in early diagnosis and intervention that may affect disease prognosis. CONCLUSION: Dentists and other oral health care providers must be aware of this condition to consider metastatic cancer in patients with unexplained facial hypoesthesia.

Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB): Oral manifestation and management rules in oral surgery: A case report.

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: The recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa is a severe form of hereditary epidermolysis bullosa characterized by deformities of the skin, blisters and erosions on the mucous membranes. Oral manifestations are frequent and extensive vary from small discrete vesicles to large bullae, associated with microstomia, ankyloglossia and a depapilled tongue. The purpose of this case report is to describe oral health status of patient with recessive-dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa, and the measures that dentists should adopt with the purpose of provide an effective dental treatment. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a clinical case of a patient with recessive-dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa who underwent a bone regularization and whose follow-up was carried out until healing. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: The management of patients with RDEB in oral surgery requires the adoption of an atraumatic technique and certain precautions to limit the formation of bullae and promote mucosal healing. CONCLUSION: We can conclude that oral management of patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa presents a challenge for the oral surgeon and the management is generally multidisciplinary and relies essentially on the adoption of a preventive and atraumatic approach.

Diagnosis and Management of oro-antral fistula: Case series and review.

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: The oro-antral communication (OAC) is a pathological opening between the maxillary sinus and the oral cavity. When it does not close spontaneously or if it is not treated, it remains permeable and epithelializes to develop into an oro-antral fistula (OAF) and can cause maxillary sinusitis. CASES PRESENTATION: The authors present through 5 clinical cases the different steps of the surgical protocols opting for the buccal fat pad flap and the advanced buccal flap to treat OAF/OAC. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: Surgical closure of the OAC within 48 h is recommended to avoid complications. Several alternative techniques have been described over the years for the management of the OAC and OAF, with their advantages and limitations. The most commonly used surgical flaps are of two types: the advanced buccal flap and the buccal fat pad (BFP) flap. CONCLUSION: The adequate availability of the advanced buccal flap and the buccal fat pad (BFP) flap in the majority of patients, the easy handling, the minimal donor site morbidity as well as the excellent blood supply make them perfect flaps for the closure of OAF/OAC. However, follow-up remains a key point and very important to avoid complications. The present case series was limited by the small number of patients and the authors recommend a study with larger groups.

An unusual intraoral lipoma: case report and review of the literature.

Lipoma is a common tumor of soft tissue with rare occurrence in oral cavity accounting for only 1-4% of benign oral tumours. It may be noticed only during routine dental examinations. Most of them rarely cause pain, resulting in delay to seek treatment. Lipoma of the oral cavity may occur in any region. The buccal mucosa, tongue, and floor of the mouth are among the common locations. A case of large intraoral lipoma occurring in mental region in a 60-year-old female patient is reported. It was treated surgically under local anesthesia, and 6 month follow up showed excellent healing without any recurrence.

Management of oroantral fistula with displacement of the root into sinus using buccal fat pad: a case report.

Oroantral fistula (OAF) refers to a permanent connection between oral cavity and maxillary sinus. The extraction of maxillary posterior teeth is the most common reason of OAF. Multiple techniques are available to repair this defect. The most used procedures involving local flaps include buccal flap, buccal fat pad (BFP), and palatal rotating flap. We here present an original technique of management of oroantral fistula with displacement of the root into sinus using BFP.

Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Cheek. Case Report with Review / Adenoma Pleomórfico de Mejilla. Reporte de Caso con Revisión

ABSTRACT: Pleomorphic adenoma (PA), also called benign mixed tumor, is the most common tumor of the salivary glands. About 70 % of these tumors occur in the parotid gland and an uncommon site are the minor salivary glands. The most common sites of PA of the minor salivary glands are the palate followed by lips and cheek. Other rare reported sites include the fauces, floor of the mouth, tongue, tonsil, pharynx, retromolar area and nasal cavity. Here we report a case of pleomorphic adenoma of minor salivary glands of the cheek in a 22-year-old male. The mass was removed by wide local excision with adequate margins, and the patient was followed for 1-year post operatively with no recurrence.

RESUMEN: El adenoma pleomórfico (AP), conocido también como tumor mixto benigno, es el tumor más común de las glándulas salivales. Alrededor del 70 % de estos tumores ocurren en la glándula parótida y con menor frecuencia en las otras glándulas salivales. Los lugares más comunes de AP en las glándulas salivales son el paladar, seguido de labios y mejillas. Otros sitios poco frecuentes reportados, incluyen las fauces, el piso de la boca, la lengua, las tonsilas palatinas, la faringe, el área retromolar y la cavidad nasal. En este estudio se presenta un caso de adenoma pleomórfico de las glándulas salivales menores de la mejilla en un hombre de 22 años. Se extirpó la masa mediante escisión local amplia con márgenes adecuados, con un seguimiento del paciente durante un año después de la operación sin recurrencia.

[Mucocele of the oral mucous membrane]. / Mucocèle de la muqueuse buccale.

Mucoceles of the oral mucous membrane are benign tumoral diseases of the minor salivary glands of the oral mucous membrane. They most commonly occur in the labial mucosa. They can be caused by a break in the epithelium of the gland secreting saliva in the extra-glandular space and forming a pseudo cyst (extravasation mucoceles) or by a block in salivary flow due to an epithelial proliferation of the excretory duct forming salivary cyst (retention cyst). Various therapeutic approaches can be used. Traditional surgical resection is the most effective strategy with low recurrence rate. We here report a clinical case in order to give an update on this lesion. The patient involved in the study was treated in the Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, CCTD, Rabat, Morocco.

Esthetic improvement of a cutaneous sinus tract of odontogenic origin.

A cutaneous sinus tract of dental origin is relatively uncommon and may easily be misdiagnosed because of its unusual occurrence and absence of dental symptoms. Extraoral drainage depends on the location of the affected tooth as well as on specific factors such as the virulence of the microorganism, resistance of the patient's body, and the relationship between anatomy and muscle facial attachments.

Oral disorders related to acromegaly.

Acromegaly is a rare disease caused due to hyper secretion of growth hormone. Most of the cases of acromegaly are caused by pituitary adenoma which can be microadenoma or macroadenomas. This condition has a tendency toward overgrowth of the mandible, maxillary widening, tooth separation and skeletal malocclusion which compromises the aesthetics of an individual. Hence dentists have a role in diagnosing this disorder. The aim of this paper is to present a case report of acromegaly.

Low laser therapy as an effective treatment of recurrent aphtous ulcers: a clinical case reporting two locations.

Apthous ulcers, commonly referred to as canker sores, are the most common ulcerative lesions of the oral mucosa. These are usually painful and are associated with redness and occasional bleeding from the affected area(s). Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) has shown excellent results in relieving the pain and complete remission of the oral ulcers. Through a clinical case, we report two locations of oral ulcers treated successfully with diode laser.

The Efficacy of Low-Level Laser Therapy in Treating Oral Papilloma: A Case Reporting A Lingual Location.

Oral papilloma is a benign proliferation of the stratified epithelium, which results in a papillary or verrucous exophytic mass, which can be induced by human papillomavirus. These oral mucosa lesions are most often asymptomatic and have small progression. Laser-assisted surgery is common nowadays with several advantages including successful hemostasis, devoid of sutures, wound sterilization and minimal postoperative pain, and edema. The aim of this report is to present the oral papilloma in a 40-year-old female patient and its treatment with soft-tissue laser. The lesion was excised with diode laser, and the healing was uneventful in a follow-up visit after 1 month. Oral papillomas can be found in young adult patient's oral cavity, and laser dentistry can be used by dental clinicians to treat these kinds of oral lesions and should be considered as an alternative to conventional surgery.

Giant Complex Odontoma of Mandible: A Spectacular Case Report.

INTRODUCTION: Odontomas are considered as benign tumors of odontogenic tissue origin and are more over non-aggressive. They can also be categorized as hamartomas and are a result of developmental malformation of odontogenic tissues. As the name suggests, they are composed of mature tooth substances. They possess limited and slow growth potential and are well differentiated. They can be ectodermal, mesodermal or mixed in origin. Mixed variety may be further divided into compound or complex depending upon their radio-graphical resemblance to the tooth. Compound odontomes are reported to be twice more common than complex odontomes. Among them, complex odontomes are asymptomatic unless they cause bony expansion of the jaws. CASE REPORT: This paper aims to report and discuss a case of complex odontoma with unusually large size leading to gross facial asymmetry. Further this paper will highlight the important information the general dental practitioner must possess to diagnose such lesions at an early stage. CONCLUSION: Odontomas are benign odontogenic tumors with unusually large size leading to gross facial asymmetry. The general dental practitioners must possess the knowledge and important information to diagnose such lesions at an early stage.

Cervico-facial irradiation and orthodontic treatment.

Cancers during infancy and childhood affect 1 to 3% of children under the age of 15. Among these cancers the most frequent are malignant hemopathies, and in particular, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, which represents 80% of infant leukemias, with a peak of incidence around the age of 3-4. The overall prognosis for infant malignant hemopathies has improved significantly thanks to progress made in chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, these anti-cancer treatments, particularly radiotherapy, when performed early, generally before 5 years of age, can have harmful effects that interfere with overall growth and particularly cranio-facial growth, and also with the child's oro-dental development. Some effects such as mandibular retrognathia, macrodontia, microdontia, agenesis and delayed eruption could increase the need for orthodontic treatment, while other complications, particularly the reduced height of the alveolar processes, short thin roots and modification of the superficial and profound periodontium, are likely to make such treatment more difficult. The aim of this review of the literature is to identify the essential factors that must be analyzed before orthodontic treatment is proposed for subjects who have undergone radiotherapy at an early age, and the precautions to be taken before and during orthodontic treatment.

Oral lichen planus and Hepatitis C virus infection: an epidemiological study of 149 cases / Liquen plano oral e infección del virus de la Hepatitis C: un estudio epidemiológico de 149 casos

The objective of this investigation was to assess the prevalence of oral lichen planus (OLP) in Moroccan patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) from the Hepatology service of Ibn Sina University hospital of Rabat. The study group consisted of 149 patients with HCV infection. All patients with clinical features of OLP were submitted to the service of oral surgery for confirmation. Among the 149 HCV-infected patients of the study group, 35 patients had OLP which represents a prevalence of 23.5 percent. Two out of these 35 patients with OLP-HCV association had cutaneous lichen planus (CLP) as well. Our findings indicate that there is a significant association between OLP and HCV infection especially for reticular and erosive types of OLP.

El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la prevalencia de liquen plano oral (LPO) en los pacientes marroquíes infectados con hepatitis C (VHC) del Servicio de Hepatología del Hospital Universitario Ibn Sina de Rabat. El grupo de estudio consistió de 149 pacientes con infección por el VHC. Todos los pacientes con características clínicas de LPO se presentaron al servicio de cirugía oral para su confirmación. Entre los 149 pacientes infectados por VHC del grupo de estudio, 35 pacientes presentaban LPO, una prevalencia de 23,5 por ciento. Dos de estos 35 pacientes con LPO asociado al VHC tenían también liquen plano cutáneo (LPC). Nuestros hallazgos indican que existe una asociación significativa entre la LPO y la infección por el VHC, especialmente para los tipos de LPO reticular y erosivo.

Cleidocranial dysostosis: a case report / Disostosis cleidocraneal: reporte de caso

Cleidocranial dysostosis is a congenital condition that results from faulty development of membranous bones, mainly the clavicles and skull. The clavicular abnormality may range from a small defect in one clavicle to complete absence of both, but most frequently an absence of the central clavicular segment, as was seen in our patient. A review of the literature has revealed only one previous report a cleidocranial dysostosis syndrome...

La disostosis cleidocraneal es una condición congénita que resulta de un desarrollo defectuoso de los huesos con osificación membranosa, principalmente las clavículas y el cráneo. La anormalidad clavicular puede ir desde un pequeño defecto en una clavícula hasta la total ausencia de ambas, pero con mayor frecuencia se observa la ausencia del segmento clavicular central, como se observó en nuestro paciente. Una revisión de la literatura reveló sólo un caso previo con un síndrome de disostosis cleidocraneal de características similares...