Impact of climatic oscillations on marlin catch rates of Taiwanese long-line vessels in the Indian Ocean.

This study explored the influence of climatic oscillations on the striped, blue, and silver marlin catch rates in the Indian Ocean by using logbook data from Taiwanese large-scale fishing vessels and climate records from 1994 to 2016. Only the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) and the subtropical Indian Ocean dipole (SIOD) had immediate effects on the striped and silver marlin catch rates. The positive and negative phases of the IOD at the lags of 7 and 3 years corresponded to increased and decreased catch rates, respectively, for both the striped and blue marlin, contrasting to the reverse pattern for the silver marlin. Similarly, all three marlin species experienced decreased and increased catch rates respectively during the positive and negative phases of the Pacific decadal oscillation. The striped and blue marlin catch rates decreased and increased during the positive and negative phases, respectively, of the SIOD and MJO with various lags. Our results suggest that the impacts of climatic oscillations on fish species are crucial for policymakers and coastal communities for managing marine resources, forecasting changes in marine ecosystems, and developing strategies to adapt to and mitigate the effects of climate variability.

Seasonal distribution patterns of Scomberomorus commerson in the Taiwan Strait in relation to oceanographic conditions: An ensemble modeling approach.

The decline in the stock of the narrow-barred Spanish mackerel in the Taiwan Strait has sparked interest in conservation efforts. To optimize conservation and restoration efforts, it is crucial to understand their habitat preference in response to changing environments. In this study, ensemble modeling was used to investigate the seasonal distribution patterns of Spanish mackerel. Winter was identified as the most productive season, followed by fall; productivity was the lowest in summer. Five single-algorithm models were developed, and on the basis of their performance, four were selected for inclusion in an ensemble species distribution model. The spatial distribution of Spanish mackerel was primarily along the latitudinal range 23°-25°N in spring and summer. However, in fall and winter, the geographical range increased toward the southern region. The findings of this study will contribute to the understanding of this specific species and the approach used in this study may be applicable to other fisheries stocks also.

Ensemble modeling of black pomfret (Parastromateus niger) habitat in the Taiwan Strait based on oceanographic variables.

The location, effort, number of captures, and time of fishing were all used in this study to assess the geographic distribution of Parastromateus niger in the Taiwan Strait. Other species distribution models performed worse than generalized linear models (GLMs) based on six oceanographic parameters. The sea surface temperature (SST) was between 26.5 °C and 29.5 °C, the sea surface chlorophyll (SSC) level was between 0.3-0.44 mg/m3, the sea surface salinity (SSS) was between 33.4 °C and 34.4 °C, the mixed layer depth was between 10 °C and 14 °C, the sea surface height was between 0.57 °C and 0.77 °C, and the eddy kinetic energy (EKE) was between 0.603 °C. According to the statistical findings, SST is merely a small effect compared to SSS, SSC level, and EKE in terms of impacting species distribution. By combining four effective single-algorithm models with no obvious bias, an ensemble habitat model was created. The ranges of 117°E-119°E and 22°N-24°N have the highest annual distributions of S.CPUE and nominal CPUE.

Trends in Palliative Care Research During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

To demonstrate the trends and variety of research on palliative care during the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic search of the Web of Science database. Since the outbroke of the COVID-19 pandemic, the adjustment of palliative care systems is warranted to maintain a high quality of care. The COVID-19 -related palliative care studies account for approximately 4% of all publications on palliative care. However, there is a dearth of research investigating the nature of these studies. A total of 293 studies were included. Of the included studies, those related to system improvement were the most common (181/293, 61.8%), followed by those related to patient care (79/293, 27.0%), bereavement support for patients or family members (19/293, 6.5%), and the mental health of frontline practitioners (14/293, 4.8%). From these studies, 82, 137, and 74 studies were published in 2020, 2021, and 2022 (until August 1), respectively. The research trends of palliative care demonstrate the flexibility and rapid response of the global palliative care system to the COVID-19 pandemic and show how the palliative care system is evolving. While most studies are interested in system improvement, patient care, and bereavement support, the mental health of frontline practitioners has received less attention. Our findings provide palliative care practitioners with current valuable information and highlight possible future trends.

Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequence of the Endemic and Endangered Plant Dendropanax oligodontus: Genome Structure, Comparative and Phylogenetic Analysis.

Dendropanax oligodontus, which belongs to the family Araliaceae, is an endemic and endangered species of Hainan Island, China. It has potential economic and medicinal value owing to the presence of phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, etc. The analysis of the structure and characteristics of the D. oligodontus chloroplast genome (cpDNA) is crucial for understanding the genetic and phylogenetic evolution of this species. In this study, the cpDNA of D. oligodontus was sequenced for the first time using next-generation sequencing methods, assembled, and annotated. We observed a circular quadripartite structure comprising a large single-copy region (86,440 bp), a small single-copy region (18,075 bp), and a pair of inverted repeat regions (25,944 bp). The total length of the cpDNA was 156,403 bp, and the GC% was 37.99%. We found that the D. oligodontus chloroplast genome comprised 131 genes, with 86 protein-coding genes, 8 rRNA genes, and 37 tRNAs. Furthermore, we identified 26,514 codons, 13 repetitive sequences, and 43 simple sequence repeat sites in the D. oligodontus cpDNA. The most common amino acid encoded was leucine, with a strong A/T preference at the third position of the codon. The prediction of RNA editing sites in the protein-coding genes indicated that RNA editing was observed in 19 genes with a total of 54 editing sites, all of which involved C-to-T transitions. Finally, the cpDNA of 11 species of the family Araliaceae were selected for comparative analysis. The sequences of the untranslated regions and coding regions among 11 species were highly conserved, and minor differences were observed in the length of the inverted repeat regions; therefore, the cpDNAs were relatively stable and consistent among these 11 species. The variable hotspots in the genome included clpP, ycf1, rnK-rps16, rps16-trnQ, atpH-atpI, trnE-trnT, psbM-trnD, ycf3-trnS, and rpl32-trnL, providing valuable molecular markers for species authentication and regions for inferring phylogenetic relationships among them, as well as for evolutionary studies. Evolutionary selection pressure analysis indicated that the atpF gene was strongly subjected to positive environmental selection. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that D. oligodontus and Dendropanax dentiger were the most closely related species within the genus, and D. oligodontus was closely related to the genera Kalopanax and Metapanax in the Araliaceae family. Overall, the cp genomes reported in this study will provide resources for studying the genetic diversity and conservation of the endangered plant D. oligodontus, as well as resolving phylogenetic relationships within the family.

CIM-Based Smart Pose Detection Sensors.

The majority of digital sensors rely on von Neumann architecture microprocessors to process sampled data. When the sampled data require complex computation for 24×7, the processing element will a consume significant amount of energy and computation resources. Several new sensing algorithms use deep neural network algorithms and consume even more computation resources. High resource consumption prevents such systems for 24×7 deployment although they can deliver impressive results. This work adopts a Computing-In-Memory (CIM) device, which integrates a storage and analog processing unit to eliminate data movement, to process sampled data. This work designs and evaluates the CIM-based sensing framework for human pose recognition. The framework consists of uncertainty-aware training, activation function design, and CIM error model collection. The evaluation results show that the framework can improve the detection accuracy of three poses classification on CIM devices using binary weights from 33.3% to 91.5% while that on ideal CIM is 92.1%. Although on digital systems the accuracy is 98.7% with binary weight and 99.5% with floating weight, the energy consumption of executing 1 convolution layer on a CIM device is only 30,000 to 50,000 times less than the digital sensing system. Such a design can significantly reduce power consumption and enables battery-powered always-on sensors.

Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis Mimicking Acute Appendicitis in a Child: A Case Report.

Background: Histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, also known as Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD), is a self-limiting inflammatory disease with low incidence and high misdiagnosis rate in children. Furthermore, cases where the clinical presentation resembles acute appendicitis are very rare. Case Presentation: A 14-year-old boy was misdiagnosed as acute appendicitis and received operative treatment at his early visit. He suffered from abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, and lymphadenitis at the ileocecal junction, which were found by B-ultrasonography examination and surgery. Lymphadenectomy, as well as appendectomy, was performed, and KFD was identified by pathological examination. The patient was transferred to our hospital for further therapy because of recurrent fever and abdominal pain after the appendectomy. His temperature became normal after methylprednisolone was administered, and no recurrence was observed till now during follow-up. Conclusions: Necrotizing lymphadenitis involving mesenteric lymph nodes may cause acute-appendicitis-like symptom; KFD should be a diagnostic consideration for mesenteric lymphadenitis.

The complete chloroplast genome of Madhuca hainanensis (Sapotaceae), an endemic and endangered timber species in Hainan Island, China.

Madhuca hainanensis Chun & F.C.How is an endangered and endemic species in Hainan Island, and it was ranked as a VU (Vulnerable) species in China. In this study, we reported its complete chloroplast (cp) genome sequence based on high throughput sequencing data. The complete cp genome was 159,630 bp in length, containing two short inverted repeat (IRs) of 26,093 bp, a large single copy (LSC) region of 88,846 bp and a small single copy (SSC) region of 18,598 bp. Totally, the cp genome contained 131 genes, including 86 protein coding genes (PCG), eight rRNA genes and 37 tRNAs. The GC contents of this genome was 36.8%. A maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic analysis indicates that M. hainanensis is closely related to Sinosideroxylon wightianum.

Complete chloroplast genome of an endangered plant, Alseodaphne Hainanensis.

Alseodaphne hainanensis is an endangered species with inhabiting dense forest along valleys, and it is one of the representative species of tropical rain forest in Hainan Island. In this paper, we reported and characterized the complete chloroplast genome sequence of the species assembled from short reads generated by Illumina sequencing. The size of chloroplast was 152,829 bp, a pair of inverted repeats (IRs) separating a large single copy and a small single copy, the size of IRs, LSC and SSC were 20,036 bp, 93,872 bp and 18,885 bp, respectively. A total of 129 genes were predicted, including 81 protein-coding genes, 38 tRNA, 8 rRNA, and 2 pseudogene. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the position of A. hainanensis within the order Laurales.

The complete chloroplast genome of Horsfieldia hainanensis, an Endangered species with extremely small populations.

Horsfieldia hainanensis is an Endangered species with extremely small populations, inhabiting the dense forest in ravines. It has high development and utilization value in the seed oil, fatty acids, volatile oils, and liposoluble constituent. In this study, the complete chloroplast genome of Horsfieldia hainanensis was sequenced. It is 155,774 bp in size with a typical quadripartite structure: a large single-copy (LSC) region of 87,124 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 20,612 bp, and 2 inverted repeat (IR) regions of 24,020 bp. The genome contains 117 genes, including 75 protein-coding genes, 34 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes, 13 genes have one intron and 3 three genes have two introns. The overall GC contents of the chloroplast genome was 39.1%. The phylogenetic tree based 11 complete chloroplast genome sequences of Magnoliales shows that H. hainanensis is closely related to Horsfieldia pandurifolia.

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Keteleeria hainanensis (Pinaceae).

Keteleeria hainanensis is an endemic species with extremely narrow distribution. In this study, the complete genome of K._hainanensis was sequenced and analyzed. The genome size is 117,366 bp and it contains two short inverted repeat regions of 1,272 bp, which was separated by a large single-copy (LSC) region of 74,819 bp and a small single-copy (SSC) region of 40,003 bp. The GC content of this genome was 38.57%. The chloroplast genome contained 103 unique genes, including 74 protein-coding gene, 25 tRNA genes, and 4 rRNA gene. Phylogenetic analysis base on 11 chloroplast genomes indicated that K. hainanensis is closely related to K. davidiana.

Origin and manipulation of band gaps in three-dimensional dielectric helix structures.

In this study, we present a comprehensive analysis to examine the origin of circular polarization stop bands in a dielectric helix structure. We show that band gaps in a helix structure may result from Bragg resonance or non-Bragg mechanism. The two types of gaps exhibit distinct optical properties and display an opposite dependence with respect to structural periodicity. The interplay of gaps not only gives rise to various operation scenarios, but results in pronounced modifications to dispersion characteristics that lead to abnormal propagation properties of circularly polarized waves. Our findings reveal versatile behaviors of circularly polarized light interacted with a three-dimensional helix medium, which can be of great importance for the design and implementation of circular polarization-dependent devices and applications.

Comparative study of contents of several bioactive components in fruiting bodies and mycelia of culinary-medicinal mushrooms.

Mushrooms (including fruiting bodies and mycelia) contain several bioactive components such as lovastatin, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and ergothioneine. This article reports the results of 49 samples, including 9 fruiting bodies, 39 mycelia, and 1 vegetative cell, of 35 species of culinary-medicinal mushrooms from 18 genera: Agaricus, Agrocybe, Coprinus, Cordyceps, Cyathus, Daedalia, Flammulina, Fomes, Ganoderma, Grifola, Laetiporus, Lentinus, Morchella, Ophiocordyceps, Pleurotus, Trametes, Tremella, and Verpa. The results show that Cyathus striatus strain 978 contained the highest amount of lovastatin (995.66 mg/kg) in mycelia. Among fruiting bodies, 6 samples contained a high amount of GABA (274.86-822.45 mg/kg), whereas among mycelia, contents of GABA in 27 samples ranged from 215.36 to 2811.85 mg/kg. Among mycelia, Pleurotus cornucopiae strain 1101 contained the highest amount of ergothioneine (3482.09 mg/kg). Overall, these 3 bioactive components were commonly found in most mushrooms, and the results obtained might be related to their beneficial effects.

Enantioselective total synthesis of otteliones A and B.

Enantioselective total synthesis of otteliones A and B was accomplished. The key steps are radical cyclization of an alpha-iodoketone to construct the cis-hydrindanone skeleton and Suzuki-Miyaura coupling to incorporate the aromatic group. (+)-Ottelione A was converted to (-)-ottelione B on treatment with NaOH in THF.