Covalent organic framework reinforced hollow fiber bar for extraction and detection of bisphenols from beverages.

Bisphenols (BPs) can migrate from packaging materials into foods, resulting in potentially harmful residues. For example, accumulation of BPs is associated with endocrine disorders. Owing to matrix effects, development of an effective and eco-friendly sample pretreatment would be helpful for BPs detection in beverages packed in plastic containers. In this work, an extraction bar, composed of hollow fiber (HF) functionalized with covalent organic frameworks (COF@Tp-NDA) and 1-ocanol, was prepared for extraction of five BPs simultaneously. The synergistic effect of COF@Tp-NDA and 1-octanol improved the extraction efficiency of BPs from milk-based beverage, juice, and tea beverage. Under optimal conditions, limits of detection ranged from 0.10 to 2.00 ng mL-1 (R2 ≥ 0.9974) and recoveries ranged from 70.1 % to 106.8 %. This method has the potential to enrich BPs, supporting their accurate determination in complex beverages.

Preoperative serum cortisone levels are associated with cognition in preschool-aged children with tetralogy of Fallot after corrective surgery: new evidence from human populations and mice.

BACKGROUND: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart disease. Children with TOF would be confronted with neurological impairment across their lifetime. Our study aimed to identify the risk factors for cerebral morphology changes and cognition in postoperative preschool-aged children with TOF. METHODS: We used mass spectrometry (MS) technology to assess the levels of serum metabolites, Wechsler preschool and primary scale of intelligence-Fourth edition (WPPSI-IV) index scores to evaluate neurodevelopmental levels and multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to detect cortical morphological changes. RESULTS: Multiple linear regression showed that preoperative levels of serum cortisone were positively correlated with the gyrification index of the left inferior parietal gyrus in children with TOF and negatively related to their lower visual spaces index and nonverbal index. Meanwhile, preoperative SpO2 was negatively correlated with levels of serum cortisone after adjusting for all covariates. Furthermore, after intervening levels of cortisone in chronic hypoxic model mice, total brain volumes were reduced at both postnatal (P) 11.5 and P30 days. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that preoperative serum cortisone levels could be used as a biomarker of neurodevelopmental impairment in children with TOF. Our study findings emphasized that preoperative levels of cortisone could influence cerebral development and cognition abilities in children with TOF.

[Feeding rhythm entrains circadian metabolism genes, but not the circadian clock, in brown adipose tissue].

The central circadian clock and feeding rhythm coordinately reset peripheral circadian clocks. Emerging evidence suggests that feeding rhythm resets peripheral circadian clocks in a tissue-specific manner. This study aimed to determine whether and how feeding rhythm regulates circadian rhythms of the circadian clock and metabolic genes in brown adipose tissue (BAT). We applied different regimens of time-restricted feeding (TRF) in wildtype and Per1/2 deficient C57BL/6 mice, and quantified the effects of sex, treatment duration, constant light, and circadian clock on circadian rhythms of the BAT circadian clock and metabolic genes by RT-qPCR; Representative circadian clock genes are Bmal1, Nr1d1, Dbp, and Per2, and representative metabolic genes are uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1), 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 (Pfkfb3) that controls the flux through glycolysis, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isozyme 4 (Pdk4) gating the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (Cpt1a) that controls mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. The results showed that, daytime-restricted feeding (DRF) moderately shifted the phase of the BAT circadian clock in female mice within 7 or 36 d, and resulted in the loss of circadian rhythm in Dbp and Per2 transcripts in males. DRF induced de novo oscillation of the Ucp1 transcript, and shifted the phase of representative metabolic genes, such as Pfkfb3, Pdk4, and Cpt1a, more than 7 h. Constant light is known to disrupt the synchrony of the central circadian clock. The results showed that constant light promoted phase entrainment of the circadian clock by DRF in BAT, but abolished the oscillation of the metabolic genes (except for Pdk4). Despite combined treatment with Per1/2 deficiency and constant darkness, DRF was sufficient to drive circadian rhythms of Bmal1 and Dbp, but not those of Nr1d1, Ucp1, Pfkfb3, and Cpt1a. Overall, the circadian clock of BAT has weak adaptation to altered feeding rhythms and sex differences. The central circadian clock antagonizes DRF in the entrainment of the BAT circadian clock, whereas DRF resets circadian rhythms of metabolic genes, such as Ucp1, Pfkfb3, and Cpt1a, in a circadian clock-dependent manner.