[The rapid diagnosis of the toxicity of biological media in surgical patients]. / Ekspress-diagnostika toksichnosti biologicheskikh sred u khirurgicheskikh bol'nykh.

A simple and objective rapid method for assessing serum and plasma toxicity is proposed, based on registration of the frog cardiac contractions. The method permits assessment of disease severity and monitoring the time course of pathological process after surgery and plasmapheresis. The level of toxemia and disease severity did not correlate in 20% of cases. Causes of this disagreement are discussed.

[New methods for assessing the severity of endogenous intoxication in surgical patients]. / Novye metody otsenki tiazhesti éndogennoi intoksikatsii u khirurgicheskikh bol'nykh.

New methods (a reticulocytic test, inhibition of erythrocyte sedimentation, registration of the frog's heart rate) were used in studying the toxicity of the serum, blood plasma and urine of surgical patients. The most informative methods for the assessment of the toxemia degree are thought to be the reticulocytic test and registration of the frog's heart rate. The maximum time for the determination of endotoxicity is 15 minutes. The pathological process severity can be estimated not only by the toxemia degree but also by its dynamics. The determination of endotoxicity is of value for choosing the methods for the individual detoxication therapy.

[Effect of methylcobalamine on the processes of posttraumatic regeneration of the salivary glands]. / Deistvie metilkobalamina na protsessy posttravmaticheskoi regeneratsii sliunnykh zhelez.

Experiments on rats were made to study membrane potentials (MP) of secretory cells of the salivary glands, the content of biogenic amines and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isozymes of the salivary gland tissue in trauma after pretreatment with methylcobalamine. Twenty-four hours after trauma the salivary gland showed a decrease in the content of LDH aerobic fractions, the lowering of noradrenaline concentration with no changes in the MP of glandular cells outside the zone of injury. Administration of cobalamine did not cause any changes in the parameters under study. There was an increase in the polarization level of acinar and duct cells, normalization of noradrenaline content, and a rise of adrenalin concentration with persistent reduction in aerobic fractions of LDH in salivary gland trauma after pretreatment with methylcobalamine. It is concluded that methylcobalamine administration may have a therapeutic effect in salivary gland trauma.

[Content of serotonin and histamine in rat submandibular gland under conditions of botulism and toxic diphtheria]. / Soderzhanie gistamina i serotonina v podcheliustnoi sliunnoi zheleze pri botulizme i toksicheskoi difterii u krys.

Content of histamine and serotonin was estimated spectrofluorimetrically in rat submandibular salivary glands under conditions of experimental botulinic and diphtheric intoxication. Decrease in secretion of saliva in botulism was due not only to parasympathetic denervation of the salivary glands but also to alterations in serotonin and, especially, histamine metabolism in the gland tissue. Content of these biogenic amines was almost unaltered after increase in secretion of saliva caused by blocking of the sympathetic nervous impulsation by diphtheria toxin.

[Mechanism of disruption of histamine metabolism in salivary glands in experimental botulism]. / K mekhanizmu narusheniia obmena gistamina v sliunnoi zheleze pri éksperimental'nom botulizme.

Content of histamine was increased in submaxillary salivary gland of rats in generalized and local forms of botulinic intoxication. Permeability of the histohematic barrier for blood serum proteins was not altered in the salivary gland. Content of histamine was normalized after treatment with pilocarpine. Botulinic intoxication was apparently responsible for short-term and unspecific alterations of histamine content in submaxillary salivary gland.