Dual-state emission and two-wavelength amplified spontaneous emission behaviors observed from symmetric dyes based on functionalized fluorene and benzotriazole units.

Structurally symmetric dyes using functionalized fluorenes and benzotriazole as the main building moieties have been synthesized and found to exhibit efficient dual-state emission (DSE) and interesting two-wavelength or dual amplified spontaneous emission (dual-ASE) behaviors in the solution phase, which may benefit the development of organic gain materials with dual-wavelength amplification.

Synthesis of cinnamils and quinoxalines and their biological evaluation as anticancer agents.

We synthesized multiple cinnamils and quinoxalines to evaluate their anticancer activity. Cinnamils were used as precursors for quinoxalines via condensation with 1,2-diaminobenzene. Among the 26 synthesized compounds reported in this article, we found that cinnamil 3l exhibited its inhibitory effect with an IC50 value of 1.45 ± 0.98 µM, significantly higher than doxorubicin (8.5 ± 0.85 µM) against pancreatic cancer cells (PANC-1). Additionally, cinnamil 3l (IC50 10.98 ± 3.63 µM) showed less cytotoxicity than doxorubicin to Hs68 cells (0.92 ± 1.11 µM). The colony formation assay demonstrated that 3l obviously decreased the PANC-1 cell viability, and Western blot assays confirmed that 3l markedly induced apoptosis of PANC-1 cells through Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase 3 signaling cascades. These results demonstrate that cinnamil 3l has great potential to be further developed as a promising chemotherapeutic agent for pancreatic cancer.