Subject(s)
Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology , Sister Mary Joseph's Nodule/pathology , Adult , Female , Humans , PrognosisABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Extra gastrointestinal stromal tumors (EGIST) are uncommon compared to their gastrointestinal counterparts. EGISTs involve omentum, mesentery, retroperitoneum, pancreas, and pelvis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten EGISTs were analyzed in this study from January 1995 to November 2011. They were analyzed with respect to clinical features, imageological, histopathological, and immunohistochemical findings. The immunohistochemical stains used were Smooth muscle actin (SMA), Desmin, S-100 protein, CD34 and CD-117. RESULTS: There was slight female preponderance with wide age range. Four of the tumors were in retroperitoneum, three in mesentery, and two in omentum and one in pelvis. Histopathologically majority were spindle cell tumors. Immunohistochemically CD117 was consistently positive followed by CD34. Smooth muscle actin was positive in eight cases, S-100 protein and desmin were positive in two cases each. CONCLUSION: EGISTs are rare and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of the mesenchymal tumors and immunohistochemistry helps to confirm the diagnosis. Further study with better follow-up is desired to characterize these uncommon tumors.
Subject(s)
Neoplasms, Connective Tissue/diagnosis , Peritoneal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Sarcoma/diagnosis , Abdomen/diagnostic imaging , Abdomen/pathology , Actins/metabolism , Adult , Aged , Antigens, CD34/metabolism , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasms, Connective Tissue/metabolism , Neoplasms, Connective Tissue/pathology , Peritoneal Neoplasms/metabolism , Peritoneal Neoplasms/pathology , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit/metabolism , Radiography, Abdominal , Radionuclide Imaging , Sarcoma/metabolism , Sarcoma/pathology , Tertiary Care Centers , Young AdultSubject(s)
Carcinoma/pathology , Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology , Neoplasms, Second Primary/pathology , Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology , Carcinoma/diagnosis , Carcinoma/therapy , Deglutition Disorders/diagnosis , Deglutition Disorders/etiology , Esophageal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Esophageal Neoplasms/therapy , Esophagectomy , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Neoplasms, Second Primary/diagnosis , Neoplasms, Second Primary/therapy , Ovarian Neoplasms/diagnosis , Ovarian Neoplasms/therapyABSTRACT
We report an unusual case of extrarenal teratoid Wilms' tumour in a 15-month-old male child. The tumour was retroperitoneal in location and consisted of triphasic Wilms' tumour elements, along with the presence of heterologous components. The heterologous teratoid elements were composed of predominantly glandular epithelium with the presence of focal skeletal muscle, adipose and neuroglial tissues. Although extrarenal Wilms' tumours have been documented in the literature, only a few cases have been noted to date. We present the relevant clinical, radiological, histomorphological, histochemical and immunohistochemical features of this rare tumour, and discuss the various theories of its histogenesis.
Subject(s)
Retroperitoneal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Retroperitoneal Neoplasms/pathology , Teratoma/diagnosis , Teratoma/pathology , Wilms Tumor/diagnosis , Wilms Tumor/pathology , Adipose Tissue/pathology , Humans , Infant , Male , Muscle, Skeletal/pathology , Neuroglia/pathology , Retroperitoneal Neoplasms/surgery , Teratoma/surgery , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Treatment Outcome , Wilms Tumor/surgeryABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is emerging as a rapid and minimally invasive tool in evaluating lymphadenopathy associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We evaluated the role of FNA in differentiating various causes of lymphadenopathy in patients with HIV and correlated the cytological diagnosis with CD4 counts. METHODS: Seventy-nine HIV-positive patients (median age 35 years, 68 male) underwent ultrasound-guided (n = 16) and unguided (n = 63) FNA from 1999 to 2006. Smears were stained with May-Grünwald-Giemsa, haematoxylin & eosin and Papanicolaou stains. Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) was performed in all cases. Staining for fungus was performed whenever required. RESULTS: The aspirates were adequate in 75 cases (95%). Non-specific reactive hyperplasia was the most common FNA diagnosis (39, 52%) followed by granulomatous necrotizing lymphadenitis (15, 20%), necrotizing lymphadenitis (13, 17.3%) and granulomatous lymphadenitis (4, 5.2%). Fungal infection and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) were seen in two patients each. ZN staining was positive for AFB in 25 (33.3%) cases. One of these was morphologically interpreted as reactive hyperplasia, 12 as necrotizing lymphadenitis and 12 as granulomatous necrotizing lymphadenitis. Both patients with NHL had CD4 counts below 100/dl. Necrotizing lymphadenitis and granulomatous lymphadenitis were significantly associated with CD4 counts below and above 200/dl, respectively (P = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS: FNA is an important tool for assessing the cause of lymphadenopathy in HIV patients. Necrotizing inflammation is more often seen in patients with low CD4 counts. AFB are commonly found in necrotic aspirates with or without granulomas. However, a stain for AFB should be performed in all aspirates from HIV-related lymphadenopathy including reactive hyperplasia.