Global health imaging curriculum in radiology residency programs: the fundamentals.

Recent advances in imaging technology have created new opportunities for medical imaging to improve health care in resource-restricted countries around the world. Radiology residents are increasingly interested in global health and imaging outreach, yet infrastructure and opportunities for international outreach are limited. With the recent change in the ABR exam schedule, residents now have more flexibility in the fourth year of training to pursue elective interests, including participation in global health projects. Creating a formalized global health imaging curriculum will improve the quality, quantity, and overall impact of initiatives undertaken by residents and their training programs. A curriculum is proposed that provides content, opportunities for global health project development, and established metrics for effective evaluation and assessment. Four components considered integral to a global health imaging curriculum are described: (1) global and public health education; (2) targeted travel medicine education; (3) basic imaging proficiency; and (4) practice attitudes and accountability. Methods are presented of differentiating curricula to increase applicability across the spectrum of training programs that vary in available resources. A blueprint is presented for formalizing a global health curriculum or elective rotation within a program, as well as a resource for residents, radiologists, and organizations to make a meaningful impact on global health.

All-versus-nothing nonlocality test of quantum mechanics by two-photon hyperentanglement.

We report the experimental realization and the characterization of polarization and momentum hyperentangled two-photon states, generated by a new parametric source of correlated photon pairs. By adoption of these states an "all-versus-nothing" test of quantum mechanics was performed. The two-photon hyperentangled states are expected to find at an increasing rate a widespread application in state engineering and quantum information.

[The prevention of nitrate tolerance in angina patients treated with transdermal nitroglycerin: a comparison of 2 therapeutic regimens (therapeutic outlook versus dosage reduction)]. / Prevenzione della tolerance ai nitrati in pazienti anginosi trattati con nitroglicerina per via transdermica: confronto di due schemi terapeutici (finestra terapeutica verso riduzione di dosaggio).

We studied the long-term antianginal and anti-ischemic effects of two dosage regimens designed to prevent tolerance to transdermal nitroglycerin (TNTG): (1) 10 mg TNTG applied for 16 h with a 'nitrate-free' interval of 8 h; (2) 10 mg TNTG applied for 16 h followed by a 'nitrate-low' interval of 5 mg applied for 8 h. 129 patients completing a 3-month study period were evaluated by repeated exercise tests. Both regimens significantly increased maximum exercise duration at 3 months, from 699.1 +/- 23.4 to 833 +/- 21.9 s and from 686.1 +/- 20 to 789.6 +/- 22.6 s, respectively, reduced the number of patients with 1 mm S-T segment depression and increased the time duration to 1 mm S-T segment depression. Marked reductions in anginal attacks was observed in both groups: from 6.5 to 0.15 attacks per week and from 6.0 to 0.15 attacks per week, respectively. No statistically significant differences were found between the groups, and both regimens were well tolerated. In conclusion, our results demonstrate sustained antianginal efficacy, without tolerance, of either 'nitrate-free' of 'nitrate-low' interval therapy with transdermal nitroglycerin.