ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT: Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia (CCCA) is a scarring alopecia that disproportionately affects patients with skin of color. Genetic studies have revealed that approximately 30% of CCCAs are associated with peptidyl arginine deiminase 3 misfolding mutations. Patients with CCCA usually have a poor prognosis with progressive and permanent hair loss. To further characterize CCCA, we evaluated the inflammatory milieu, PDL1, and caspase 3 expression. The data support the idea of CCCA being a CD4-predominant T-cell process. The loss of PDL1 and increase in caspase 3 expression raises the possibility of involvement of the PD1/PDL1 pathway in CCCA.
Subject(s)
Alopecia , Dermatitis , Humans , Caspase 3 , Alopecia/genetics , Mutation , Cicatrix/pathologyABSTRACT
How developmental programs reactivate in regeneration is a fundamental question in biology. We addressed this question through the study of Wound Induced Hair follicle Neogenesis (WIHN), an adult organogenesis model where stem cells regenerate de novo hair follicles following deep wounding. The exact mechanism is uncertain. Here we show that self-noncoding dsRNA activates the anti-viral receptor toll like receptor 3 (TLR3) to induce intrinsic retinoic acid (RA) synthesis in a pattern that predicts new hair follicle formation after wounding in mice. Additionally, in humans, rejuvenation lasers induce gene expression signatures for dsRNA and RA, with measurable increases in intrinsic RA synthesis. These results demonstrate a potent stimulus for RA synthesis by non-coding dsRNA, relevant to their broad functions in development and immunity.
Subject(s)
Hair Follicle/physiology , RNA, Double-Stranded/physiology , Regeneration/physiology , Toll-Like Receptor 3/metabolism , Tretinoin/metabolism , Animals , Benzoates/pharmacology , Female , Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects , Hair/growth & development , Humans , Interleukin-6/administration & dosage , Interleukin-6/pharmacology , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Mice, Knockout , Middle Aged , RNA Interference , RNA, Small Interfering , Stilbenes/pharmacology , Wound HealingABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo determine the impact of race concordance on patient perception of quality of dermatologic care.Study designCross-sectional study.SettingAcademic outpatient practices in the Departments of Dermatology of Eastern Virginia Medical School and the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.ParticipantsThe study cohort comprised 124 participants including 6 providers and 118 established patients.Main Outcome MeasuresWe hypothesized, a priori, that patients in race-discordant dyads would report lower ratings of participatory decision-making (PDM), satisfaction, trust in the provider, and similarities with providers.ResultsPatients in race-discordant dyads reported less positive ratings on 4 out of 8 participatory decision-making questionnaire items (p values < 0.05), and were significantly more likely to perceive differences with providers in race and culture (p values < 0.05). These differences persisted to varying degrees after controlling for key confounders such as education and income level. Participants in race-concordant and race-discordant dyads did not differ in their perceptions of satisfaction or trust.ConclusionsPatient perception of participation in the decision-making process and of shared similarities with their providers is attributable in varying degrees to race concordance. Continued strengthening of cultural competency skills during medical and dermatology residency training as well as increased diversification of the dermatologic workforce could attenuate the adverse influences of race discordance and other socioeconomic factors on patient-provider communication.
