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1.
Lancet Infect Dis ; 21(3): 319-320, 2021 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33639120
2.
Rev Esp Salud Publica ; 922018 Sep 26.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30245505

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The evidence highlights the importance of working with ethnicity in relation to the social determinants of health for the progressive achievement of universal access to health and universal health coverage. This implies that all people and communities have access, without any kind of discrimination, to comprehensive, appropriate and timely, quality health services, while ensuring that the use of these services does not expose users to financial hardship. The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO / WHO) recognized the need for a political commitment and a consensual strategic framework to advance towards equity in health. As a result, in a participatory way, the first policy on ethnicity and health was elaborated and approved by the Ministries of Health in September 2017 during the 29th Pan American Sanitary Conference. This policy, promoted by PAHO / WHO, includes ethnicity as one of its four cross cutting themes for work, aligned with important global commitments, including the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This article presents the way in which this political proposal was elaborated, and the challenges for its implementation. This policy takes into account the need to work together and reorient health services with an intercultural approach in order to improve the health conditions of indigenous peoples, afro-descendants, Roma people and other ethnic groups that coexist in the Americas region, who present health results more unfavorable than the rest of the population. CONCLUSIONS: With the approval of the policy, the Americas becomes the first region of WHO to respond to the need to adopt an intercultural approach in the context of the social determinants of health. This is done by taking into account the gender and ethnic inequalities that interact, the differences in access to health throughout the life course, as well as the promotion and respect of individual rights and, in the case of indigenous peoples, collective rights.


Fundamentos: La evidencia pone de manifiesto la importancia de abordar la etnicidad en relación a los determinantes sociales de la salud para el logro progresivo del acceso universal a la salud y la cobertura universal en salud. Esto implica que todas las personas y las comunidades tengan acceso, sin discriminación alguna, a servicios integrales de salud adecuados, oportunos, de calidad, a la vez que se asegura que el uso de esos servicios no expone a los usuarios a dificultades financieras. La Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS/OMS) reconoció la necesidad de un compromiso político y marco estratégico consensuado para avanzar hacia la equidad en salud, elaborando la primera política sobre etnicidad y salud para las Américas aprobada por los ministerios de salud en septiembre de 2017 durante la 29ª Conferencia Sanitaria Panamericana. Esta política, impulsada por la OPS/ OMS, que incluye la etnicidad como uno de sus cuatro ejes transversales de trabajo, está alineada con importantes compromisos globales, incluida la Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible. El presente artículo presenta la forma como se elaboró esta política, y los desafíos para su implementación. Dicha política tiene en cuenta la necesidad de trabajar en conjunto y reorientar los servicios de salud con un enfoque intercultural para mejorar las condiciones de salud de los pueblos indígenas, los afrodescendientes, los romaníes y otros grupos étnicos que coexisten en la región de las Américas y que, en muchas ocasiones, presentan resultados de salud más desfavorables que el resto de la población. Conclusiones: Con la aprobación de esta política, la región de las Américas se convierte en la primera región de la OMS en dar respuesta a la necesidad de adoptar un abordaje intercultural, en el contexto de los determinantes sociales de la salud, considerando las desigualdades de género que interaccionan con las de etnicidad, las diferencias en acceso a la salud a través del curso de vida, la promoción y el respeto de los derechos individuales y, para los pueblos indígenas, de los derechos colectivos.


Subject(s)
Ethnicity , Health Policy , Health Services Accessibility/organization & administration , Healthcare Disparities/ethnology , Minority Groups , Americas , Humans , Pan American Health Organization , Social Determinants of Health , Socioeconomic Factors , Spain , Universal Health Insurance
3.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-177572

ABSTRACT

Fundamentos: La evidencia pone de manifiesto la importancia de abordar la etnicidad en relación a los determinantes sociales de la salud para el logro progresivo del acceso universal a la salud y la cobertura universal en salud. Esto implica que todas las personas y las comunidades tengan acceso, sin discriminación alguna, a servicios integrales de salud adecuados, oportunos, de calidad, a la vez que se asegura que el uso de esos servicios no expone a los usuarios a dificultades financieras. La Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS/OMS) reconoció la necesidad de un compromiso político y marco estratégico consensuado para avanzar hacia la equidad en salud, elaborando la primera política sobre etnicidad y salud para las Américas aprobada por los ministerios de salud en septiembre de 2017 durante la 29ª Conferencia Sanitaria Panamericana. Esta política, impulsada por la OPS/OMS, que incluye la etnicidad como uno de sus cuatro ejes transversales de trabajo, está alineada con importantes compromisos globales, incluida la Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible. El presente artículo presenta la forma como se elaboró esta política, y los desafíos para su implementación. Dicha política tiene en cuenta la necesidad de trabajar en conjunto y reorientar los servicios de salud con un enfoque intercultural para mejorar las condiciones de salud de los pueblos indígenas, los afrodescendientes, los romaníes y otros grupos étnicos que coexisten en la región de las Américas y que, en muchas ocasiones, presentan resultados de salud más desfavorables que el resto de la población. Conclusiones: Con la aprobación de esta política, la región de las Américas se convierte en la primera región de la OMS en dar respuesta a la necesidad de adoptar un abordaje intercultural, en el contexto de los determinantes sociales de la salud, considerando las desigualdades de género que interaccionan con las de etnicidad, las diferencias en acceso a la salud a través del curso de vida, la promoción y el respeto de los derechos individuales y, para los pueblos indígenas, de los derechos colectivos


Background: The evidence highlights the importance of working with ethnicity in relation to the social determinants of health for the progressive achievement of universal access to health and universal health coverage. This implies that all people and communities have access, without any kind of discrimination, to comprehensive, appropriate and timely, quality health services, while ensuring that the use of these services does not expose users to financial hardship. The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO / WHO) recognized the need for a political commitment and a consensual strategic framework to advance towards equity in health. As a result, in a participatory way, the first policy on ethnicity and health was elaborated and approved by the Ministries of Health in September 2017 during the 29th Pan American Sanitary Conference. This policy, promoted by PAHO / WHO, includes ethnicity as one of its four cross cutting themes for work, aligned with important global commitments, including the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This article presents the way in which this political proposal was elaborated, and the challenges for its implementation. This policy takes into account the need to work together and reorient health services with an intercultural approach in order to improve the health conditions of indigenous peoples, afro-descendants, Roma people and other ethnic groups that coexist in the Americas region, who present health results more unfavorable than the rest of the population. Conclusions: With the approval of the policy, the Americas becomes the first region of WHO to respond to the need to adopt an intercultural approach in the context of the social determinants of health. This is done by taking into account the gender and ethnic inequalities that interact, the differences in access to health throughout the life course, as well as the promotion and respect of individual rights and, in the case of indigenous peoples, collective rights


Subject(s)
Humans , Health Policy/trends , Culturally Competent Care/trends , 50262 , Emigrants and Immigrants/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Health Equity/trends , Patient Rights/trends
4.
Health Hum Rights ; 18(1): 221-234, 2016 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27781012

ABSTRACT

Improving the health status of indigenous children is a long-standing challenge. Several United Nations committees have identified the health of indigenous peoples as a human rights concern. Addressing the health of indigenous children cannot be separated from their social, cultural, and historic contexts, and any related health program must offer culturally appropriate services and a community perspective broad enough to address the needs of children and the local worlds in which they live. Evaluations of programs must, therefore, address process as well as impacts. This paper assesses interventions addressing indigenous children's health in Brazil, ranging from those explicitly targeting indigenous children's health, such as the targeted immunization program for indigenous peoples, as well as more generalized programs, including a focus upon indigenous children, such as the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness. The paper discusses the tensions and complexities of ethnically targeted health interventions as well as the conceptual and methodological challenge of measuring the processes employed and their impact. The lessons learned, especially the need for countries to more systematically collect data and evaluate impacts using ethnicity as an analytical category, are drawn out with respect to ensuring human rights for all within health sector responses.


Subject(s)
Child Health , Ethnicity , Health Policy , Human Rights , Brazil , Child , Child, Preschool , Healthcare Disparities , Humans
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