Resources for the practice of pediatric neuro-oncology in Mexico: a cross-sectional evaluation.

Background: The evaluation of existing resources and services is key to identify gaps and prioritize interventions to expand care capacity for children with central nervous system (CNS) tumors. We sought to evaluate the resources for pediatric neuro-oncology (PNO) in Mexico. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey with 35 questions was designed to assess PNO resources and services, covering aspects including number of patients, infrastructure, human resources, and diagnostic and treatment time intervals. The survey was distributed to the members of the Mexican Association of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology (AMOHP) who belong to the nation's many different health systems. Results: Responses were obtained from 33 institutions, distributed throughout the country and part of the many health systems that exist in Mexico. Twenty-one (64%) institutions had less than 10 new cases of pediatric CNS tumors per year. Although 30 (91%) institutions saw pediatric patients up to the age of 18 years, 2 (6%) had a cutoff of 15 years. Twenty-four (73%) institutions had between 1 and 3 pediatric oncologists providing care for children with CNS tumors. Six (18%) institutions did not have a neurosurgeon, while 19 (57%) institutions had a pediatric neurosurgeon. All centers had a pathology department, but 13 (39%) institutions only had access to basic histopathology. Eleven (33%) institutions reported histopathological diagnoses within one week, but 3 (9%) took more than 4 weeks. Radiotherapy for pediatric CNS tumors was referred to outside centers at 18 (55%) institutions. All centers had access to conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy, but only 6 (18%) had access to targeted therapy. Eighteen (55%) respondents estimated a survival rate of less than 60%. Fifteen (45%) centers attributed the main cause of mortality to non-tumor related factors, including infection and post-surgical complications. Conclusions: This is the first national assessment of the resources available in Mexico for the treatment of CNS tumors. It shows disparities in resource capacity and a lack of the specific and efficient diagnoses that allow timely initiation of treatment. These data will enable the prioritization of collaborative interventions in the future.

Tratamento de infecções localizadas em feridas de difícil cicatrização: uma revisão integrativa / Treatment of Localized Infections in Hard-to-Heal Wounds: An Integrative Review / Tratamiento de infecciones localizadas en heridas de difícil cicatrización: una revisión integrativa

Objetivo: Identificar la producción de conocimiento sobre el tratamiento de infecciones localizadas en heridas de difícil cicatrización. Método: Revisión integrativa de la literatura realizada en la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud; Base de datos de enfermería; Scientific Electronic Library; Web of Science; Biblioteca Cochrane; Catálogo de Tesis y Disertaciones de la Coordinación para el Perfeccionamiento del Personal de Educación Superior; y PubMed. Los artículos seleccionados no tienen límite de tiempo. Los estudios fueron exportados a la aplicación Rayyan y sometidos a evaluación doble ciego mediante la lectura del título y el resumen, según los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. La información fue analizada y sintetizada según el nivel de evidencia. Resultados: 19 estudios fueron incluidos para lectura completa. Se encontró como evidencia la higiene de la herida; la limpieza con ácido acético al 1%; la identificación y el tratamiento de biopelículas; el uso de cobertores y soluciones con acción antimicrobiana. Conclusión: La infección localizada de la herida ha sido objeto de varias investigaciones y las prácticas recomendadas se refieren a tratamientos tópicos. (AU)

Objective: To identify the knowledge production on the treatment of localized infections in hard-to-heal wounds. Method: An integrative literature review was conducted in the Virtual Health Library, Nursing Database, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Catalog of Theses and Dissertations of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel, and PubMed. The selected articles had no time limit. The studies were exported to the Rayyan application and subjected to double-blind evaluation through title and abstract reading, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The information was analyzed and synthesized according to the level of evidence. Results: A total of 19 publications were fully analyzed. The evidence obtained on the topic includes wound hygiene, cleaning with 1% acetic acid, identification and treatment of biofilms, the use of dressings, and solutions with antimicrobial action. Conclusion: Localized wound infections have been the subject of various research studies, and the recommended practices refer to topical treatments. (AU)

Objetivo: Identificar a produção de conhecimento sobre o tratamento de infecções localizadas em feridas de difícil cicatrização. Método: Revisão integrativa da literatura realizada na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Base de Dados de Enfermagem, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Web of Science, Biblioteca Cochrane, Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior e Public Medline. Os artigos selecionados não possuem limite temporal. Os estudos foram exportados para o aplicativo Rayyan e submetidos à avaliação duplo-cega por meio da leitura do título e do resumo, com base nos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. As informações foram analisadas e sintetizadas de acordo com o nível de evidência. Resultados: Foram analisadas 19 publicações em sua totalidade. Obteve-se como evidências acerca do tema a higienização da ferida, a limpeza com ácido acético 1%, a identificação e o tratamento de biofilmes, o uso de coberturas e as soluções com ação antimicrobiana. Conclusão: A infecção localizada de feridas tem sido objeto de várias pesquisas e as práticas recomendadas referem-se a tratamentos tópicos. (AU)

Incidence and Risk Factors for Medical Device-Related Pressure Injury in Hemodynamically Unstable Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and identify potential risk factors for medical device-related pressure injury (MDRPI) in critically ill and hemodynamically unstable adults (patients classified class III or IV on the Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System-28; TISS-28). DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SUBJECTS AND SETTING: The target population was critically ill adults who were using one or more medical devices and categorized as class III or IV on the TISS-28. The study sample comprised 77 participants followed daily until discharge, death, transfer, or lesion development. Data were collected from January to March 2020. The study setting was an intensive care unit with 40 beds in a large hospital in a municipality in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. METHODS: Sociodemographic and pertinent clinical data, pressure injury (PI) risk assessed using the Braden Scale for Pressure Sore Risk, and head-to-toe skin inspections were completed. The incidence rate of MDRPIs was calculated, and survival analyses were completed via the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression model. RESULTS: Forty-nine of 77 participants developed an MDRPI, reflecting an incidence rate of 63.6%. Collectively, 71 MDRPIs occurred in these 49 participants. Univariate analysis indicated significant associations between MDRPI occurrences and level of consciousness ( P = < .001), use of tube holder for ventilation devices ( P = .013), nasal cannula ( P = .034), nasogastric cannula ( P = .034), presence of edema ( P = .001), infection ( P = .007), higher TISS score ( P = .047), and greater number of medical devices ( P = .022). Survival analysis indicated that a high or very high-risk score on the Braden Scale for Pressure Sore Risk ( P = .043) and edema ( P = .030) are risk factors for MDRPI occurrences in this vulnerable population. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence rate of MDRPIs was 63.6%. The categories with the highest high or very high risk scores on the Braden Scale for Risk of Pressure Pain and Edema emerged as risk factors for MDRPI in this critically ill and vulnerable population.

Influences of a Supplemental Blend of Essential Oils Plus 25-Hydroxy-Vit-D3 and Zilpaterol Hydrochloride (ß2 Agonist) on Growth Performance and Carcass Measures of Feedlot Lambs Finished under Conditions of High Ambient Temperature.

Forty-eight Pelibuey × Katahdin male intact lambs (25.12 ± 3.79 kg LW) were used in a 70-d growing-finishing trial. Dietary treatments consisted of total mixed corn-based diet supplemented with: (1) no feed additives (Control); (2) 150 mg of essential oils blend plus 0.10 mg of 25-hydroxy-Vit-D3/kg diet offered throughout the 70-d experimental period (EOD3); (3) Control diet fed during the first 35 days and zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) supplementation at 6 mg/kg diet offered during the final 35 days of the experiment (32 days with ZH with a withdrawal 3-d before harvest), and (4) basal diet supplemented with EOD3 during first 35 days finishing, and EOD3 in combination with ZH (EOD3 + ZH) during the subsequent 32-days with ZH withdrawal 3 days before harvest. The temperature-humidity index during the experiment averaged 80.4 ± 3.2. There were no treatment interactions (p > 0.20) on growth performance and carcass measures. Supplemental EOD3 did not affect (p = 0.43) dry matter intake (DMI), but increased (p < 0.01) carcass adjusted average daily gain (ADG, 9.2%), gain efficiency (GF, 6.7%), and observed vs. expected dietary net energy for maintenance (NEm, 4.8%) and for gain (NEg, 6.4%). Supplemental ZH did not affect dry matter intake (DMI, p = 0.50) but increased (p < 0.01) carcass adjusted ADG (14.5%), GF (13%) and observed vs. expected dietary NEm (9%) and NEg (11.7%). Compared to control lambs, the combination of both additives increased ADG (24.9%), GF (21.2%), and observed vs. expected dietary NEm and NEg (14.2% and 18.9%, respectively). There were no treatment interactions on carcass characteristics, visceral organ mass, or on gene expression of IGF1, IGF2 and mTOR in longissimus muscle (LM). Supplemental EOD3 increased hot carcass weight (HCW; 4.0%, p < 0.01) but did not affect other carcass measures. Supplemental EOD3 decreased (3%, p = 0.03) intestine mass weight (g intestine/kg empty body weight). Supplemental ZH increased HCW (6%, p < 0.01), dressing percentage (1.7%, p = 0.04), and LM area (9.7%, p < 0.01), and decreased kidney-pelvic-fat percentage (16.2%, p < 0.01), fat thickness (14.7%, p = 0.03), and visceral fat. Compared to controls, the combination of EOD3 with ZH increased HCW (10.2%). It is concluded that growth performance responses to supplemental EOD3 and ZH are additive. Both supplements can be fed in combination without detrimental effects on expected benefits when fed separately. In addition, ZH supplementation improves carcass traits.

Capacidade funcional e qualidade de vida de adultos e idosos com feridas crônicas / Functional capacity and quality of life of adults and elderly people with wounds

Introdução: As feridas crônicas afetam a população em geral e comprometem negativamente a qualidade de vida e geram impactos biopsicossociais. Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre a capacidade funcional e a qualidade de vida de adultos e idosos com feridas crônicas. Métodos: Estudo transversal com 135 acometidas por feridas crônicas cadastradas nos serviços de atenção primária à saúde de um município de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Para a coleta de dados realizada no período de 2017 a 2018, utilizaram-se os instrumentos i) Cardiff Wound Impact Schedule que foi traduzido, adaptado culturalmente e validado para a língua portuguesa do Brasil; ii) Índice de Katz e iii) questionário sociodemográfico com informações sobre o perfil de saúde/doença e características das feridas. Resultados: Houve predomínio de participantes do sexo feminino (59,3%), com idade acima de 60 anos (70,4%) e até 4 anos de estudo (72,6%). No questionário Cardiff Wound Impact Schedule, o domínio com menor pontuação foi o de bem-estar (média 45,6 ± 18,2). Na avaliação da funcionalidade realizada por meio do Índice de Katz, destaca-se que 30 (22,2%) pessoas foram consideradas dependentes para tomar banho e 33 (24,4%) necessitavam de ajuda para se locomover. Houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre as seguintes variáveis independentes do Índice de Katz e do Cardiff Wound Impact Schedule para "vida social" e "banho", "vida social" e "vestir-se", "vida social" e "higiene pessoal", "vida social" e "locomoção", "vida social" e "alimentação", "sintomas físicos e vida diária" e "vestir-se", "bem-estar" e "continência". Conclusão: A incapacidade funcional está associada à diminuição da qualidade de vida de adultos e idosos com feridas crônicas (AU).

Introdução: As feridas crônicas afetam a população em geral e comprometem negativamente a qualidade de vida e geram impactos biopsicossociais. Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre a capacidade funcional e a qualidade de vida de adultos e idosos com feridas crônicas. Métodos: Estudo transversal com 135 acometidas por feridas crôni-cas cadastradas nos serviços de atenção primária à saúde de um município de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Para a coleta de dados realizada no período de 2017 a 2018, utilizaram-se os instrumentos i) Cardiff Wound Impact Schedule que foi traduzido, adaptado culturalmente e validado para a língua portuguesa do Brasil; ii) Índice de Katz e iii) questio-nário sociodemográfico com informações sobre o perfil de saúde/doença e características das feridas. Resultados: Houve predomínio de participantes do sexo feminino (59,3%), com idade acima de 60 anos (70,4%) e até 4 anos de estudo (72,6%). No questionário Cardiff Wound Impact Schedule, o domínio com menor pontuação foi o de bem-estar (média 45,6 ± 18,2). Na avaliação da funcionalidade realizada por meio do Índice de Katz, destaca-se que 30 (22,2%) pessoas foram consideradas dependentes para tomar banho e 33 (24,4%) necessitavam de ajuda para se locomover. Houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre as seguintes variáveis independentes do Índice de Katz e do Cardiff Wound Impact Schedule para "vida social" e "banho", "vida social" e "vestir-se", "vida social" e "higiene pessoal", "vida social" e "locomoção", "vida social" e "alimentação", "sintomas físicos e vida diária" e "vestir-se", "bem-estar" e "continência". Conclusão: A incapacidade funcional está associada à diminuição da qualidade de vida de adultos e idosos com feridas crônicas (AU).

Endothelial Progenitor Cells May Be Related to Major Amputation after Angioplasty in Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia.

BACKGROUND: Critical limb ischemia represents an advanced stage of peripheral arterial disease. Angioplasty improves blood flow to the limb; however, some patients progress irreversibly to lower limb amputation. Few studies have explored the predictive potential of biomarkers during postangioplasty outcomes. AIM: To evaluate the behavior of endothelial progenitor cells in patients with critical limb ischemia, in relation to their postangioplasty outcome. METHODS: Twenty patients with critical limb ischemia, candidates for angioplasty, were enrolled. Flow-mediated dilation, as well as endothelial progenitor cells (subpopulations CD45+/CD34+/CD133+/CD184+ and CD45+/CD/34+/KDR[VEGFR-2]+ estimated by flow cytometry) from blood flow close to vascular damage, were evaluated before and after angioplasty. Association with lower limb amputation during a 30-day follow-up was analyzed. RESULTS: Endothelial progenitor cells were related with flow-mediated dilation. A higher number of baseline EPCs CD45+CD34+KDR+, as well as an impaired reactivity of endothelial progenitor cells CD45+CD34+CD133+CD184+ after angioplasty, were observed in cases further undergoing major limb amputation, with a significant discrimination ability and risk (0.75, specificity 0.83 and RR 4.5 p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Endothelial progenitor cells were related with endothelial dysfunction, whereas a higher baseline number of the subpopulation CD45+CD34+KDR+, as well as an impaired reactivity of subpopulation CD45+CD34+CD133+CD184+ after angioplasty, showed a predictive ability for major limb amputation in patients with critical limb ischemia.

Incidence of the first diabetic foot ulcer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

AIM: Investigate the incidence of the first diabetic foot ulcer. METHOD: This is a systematic review with meta-analysis of cohort studies following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines and using RevMan software. A systematic search of Medline databases via PubMed, Embase, Lilacs, Scopus databases, and Web of Science was performed until July 2021. In addition to investigating the incidence of the first diabetic foot ulcer, the influence of the variables of the Human Development Index (HDI), glycated hemoglobin, and follow-up time of the participants on the incidence of the first diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) was analyzed through meta-regression. For the meta-analysis of cumulative incidence and possible variable associations, RevMan software was used in the Metaprop data package with 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: A total of 9,772 articles were identified out of which 87 were selected and 12 studies ultimately included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The meta-analysis of cumulative incidence was 5.65% (95% CI: 4.20; 7.57). By meta-regression, a significant inverse association was identified between DFU incidence and HDI (estimate - 2.38; 95% CI - 4.10--0.67; p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: The study presents the cumulative incidence for the first DFU, an inexistent datum in the national and international literature, and the HDI was inversely associated with the incidence of DFU.

Atitudes dos profissionais da saúde em relação ao cuidado em diabetes tipo 2 na atenção primária / Actitudes de los profesionales de la salud hacia elcuidado a la diabetes tipo 2 en la atención primaria / Attitudes of health professionals towards type 2 diabetes care in primary care

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar as atitudes de profissionais que atuam na Atenção Primária à Saúde em relação ao cuidado de pessoas com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). Método: estudo transversal realizado com 56 profissionais da atenção primária à saúde em Divinópolis, município do centro-oeste mineiro. As atitudes dos profissionais foram medidas por meio do instrumento Escala de Atitudes dos profissionais em relação ao diabetes Mellitus (EAP-DM) aplicado via plataforma web e-Surv. Os dados foram coletados entre maio e julho de 2019. Para análise, utilizaram-se os testes Mann Whitney e de Kruskal Wallis. Resultados: dos 56 profissionais, 36 (64,3%) possuíam menos de 10 anos de atuação na atenção primária e 40 (71,4%) concluíram especialização na área de atuação. Os participantes apresentaram atitudes positivas em relação ao diabetes, com pontuação média de 4,37 (DP: 0.22), variando entre 3,76 e 4,85. Médicos e psicólogos demonstraram atitudes menos favoráveis em relação aos cuidados em DM2, quando comparados aos enfermeiros e fisioterapeutas (valor de p <0,05). Conclusão: todos os profissionais apresentaram atitudes positivas e o nível destas atitudes variou conforme categoria profissional.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar las actitudes de profesionales que actúan en la Atención Primaria de Salud con relación al cuidado de personas con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). Método: estudio transversal realizado con 56 profesionales de la atención primaria a la salud en Divinópolis, municipio del centro-oeste del Estado de Minas Gerais-Brasil. Las actitudes de los profesionales fueron medidas a través del instrumento Escala de Actitudes de los profesionales respecto al diabetes Mellitus (EAP-DM) aplicado vía plataforma web e-Surv. Los datos fueron recogidos entre mayo y julio de 2019. Para el análisis, se utilizaron las pruebas Mann Whitney y de Kruskal Wallis. Resultados: de los 56 profesionales, 36 (64,3%) poseían menos de 10 años de actuación en la atención primaria y 40 (71,4%) concluyeron especialización en el área de actuación. Los participantes presentaron actitudes positivas con relación a la diabetes, con puntuación media de 4,37 (DP: 0.22), variando entre 3,76 y 4,85. Médicos y psicólogos demostraron actitudes menos favorables hacia los cuidados en DM2, cuando comparados a los enfermeros y fisioterapeutas (valor de p <0,05). Conclusión: todos los profesionales presentaron actitudes positivas y el nivel de estas actitudes varió según categoría profesional.

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the attitudes of professionals working in Primary Health Care in relation to the care of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Method: cross-sectional study conducted with 56 primary health care professionals in Divinópolis, a city in the center-west of Minas Gerais. The attitudes of professionals were measured through the instrument Scale of Attitudes of professionals in relation to diabetes Mellitus (EAP-DM) applied via e-Surv web platform. Data were collected between May and July 2019. For analysis, the Mann Whitney and Kruskal Wallis tests were used. Results: of the 56 professionals, 36 (64.3%) had less than 10 years of experience in primary care and 40 (71.4%) completed specialization in the area of activity. Participants showed positive attitudes towards diabetes, with a mean score of 4.37 (SD: 0.22), ranging from 3.76 to 4.85. Physicians and psychologists showed less favorable attitudes towards T2DM care when compared to nurses and physical therapists (p-value <0.05). Conclusion: all professionals showed positive attitudes and the level of these attitudes varied according to professional category.

Epidemiological Profile and Social Welfare Index as Factors Associated with COVID-19 Hospitalization and Severity in Mexico City: A Retrospective Analysis.

Epidemiological data indicate that Mexico holds the 19th place in cumulative cases (5506.53 per 100,000 inhabitants) of COVID-19 and the 5th place in cumulative deaths (256.14 per 100,000 inhabitants) globally and holds the 4th and 3rd place in cumulative cases and deaths in the Americas region, respectively, with Mexico City being the most affected area. Several modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors have been linked to a poor clinical outcome in COVID-19 infection; however, whether socioeconomic and welfare factors are associated with clinical outcome has been scanty addressed. This study tried to investigate the association of Social Welfare Index (SWI) with hospitalization and severity due to COVID-19. A retrospective analysis was conducted at the Centro Médico Nacional "20 de Noviembre"-ISSSTE, based in Mexico City, Mexico. A total of 3963 patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19, registered from March to July 2020, were included, retrieved information from the Virology Analysis and Reference Unit Database. Demographic, symptoms and clinical data were analyzed, as well as the SWI, a multidimensional parameter based on living and household conditions. An adjusted binary logistic regression model was performed in order to compare the outcomes of hospitalization, mechanical ventilation requirement (MVR) and mortality between SWI categories: Very high (VHi), high (Hi), medium (M) and low (L). The main findings show that lower SWI were independently associated with higher probability for hospital entry: VHi vs. Hi vs. M vs. L-SWI (0 vs. +0.24 [OR = 1.24, CI95% 1.01-1.53] vs. +0.90 [OR = 1.90, CI95% 1.56-2.32] vs. 0.73 [OR = 1.73, CI95% 1.36-2.19], respectively); Mechanical Ventilation Requirement: VHi vs. M vs. L-SWI (0 vs. +0.45 [OR = 1.45, CI95% 1.11-1.87] vs. +0.35 [OR = 1.35, CI95% 1.00-1.82]) and mortality: VHi vs. Hi vs. M (0 vs. +0.54 [OR = 1.54, CI95% 1.22-1.94] vs. +0.41 [OR = 1.41, CI95% 1.13-1.76]). We concluded that SWI was independently associated with the poor clinical outcomes in COVID-19, beyond demographic, epidemiological and clinical characteristics.

Nanopartículas de plata contra bacterias presentes en biofilm dental de pacientes pediátricos / Silver nanoparticles against bacteria present in dental biofilm of pediatric patients

Introducción: el biofilm dental microbiano es el precursor de diversas enfermedades orales, una de ellas la caries, ésta representa la enferme- dad oral más significativa a nivel mundial, con una incidencia de 1.76 billones de niños afectados. Las nanopartículas de plata (AgNPs) se están usando como alternativa para el control y prevención del biofilm dental, ya que poseen propiedades antimicrobianas contra bacterias relacionadas a estas enfermedades. Sin embargo, no hay estudios que evalúen este comportamiento en pacientes pediátricos. Objetivo: eva- luar la actividad antimicrobiana de las AgNPs en bacterias de aislados clínicos tomados de pacientes pediátricos. Material y métodos: se tomó muestra del biofilm dental de 22 pacientes pediátricos, el efecto micro- biológico se evaluó mediante ensayos microbiológicos estandarizados internacionalmente por triplicado, usando dos diferentes tamaños de AgNPs. Resultados: los dos tamaños de AgNPs mostraron inhibición bacteriana, sin embargo, sólo se vio una diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre el género (p < 0.05), además, en general, hubo una correlación positiva significativa en relación a la concentración de las AgNPs y la velocidad del crecimiento bacteriano (p < 0.05). Conclusión: las AgNPs se pueden considerar como una alternativa para la prevención del biofilm dental y de esta manera para el control de diferentes enfermedades orales (AU))

Introduction: dental biofilm is the precursor of oral diseases, one of them dental caries, this represents the most significant oral disease worldwide with an incidence of 1.76 billion affected children. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are being used as an alternative for the control and prevention of dental biofilm since they have antimicrobial properties against bacteria related to these diseases. However, there are no studies evaluating this behavior in pediatric patients. Objective: to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of AgNPs in bacteria from clinical isolates taken from pediatric patients. Material and methods: a sample of dental biofilm was taken from 22 pediatric patients, the microbiological effect was evaluated by international standardized microbiological tests in triplicate, using two different sizes of AgNPs. Results: the two sizes of AgNPs showed bacterial inhibition, however, only a statistically significant difference was seen between gender (p < 0.05), in addition, in general, there was a significant positive correlation in relation to the concentration of AgNPs and the speed bacterial growth (p < 0.05). Conclusion: AgNPs can be considered as an alternative for the prevention of dental biofilm and thus for the control of different oral diseases (AU)

Comparing Blend of Essential Oils Plus 25-Hydroxy-Vit-D3 Versus Monensin Plus Virginiamycin Combination in Finishing Feedlot Cattle: Growth Performance, Dietary Energetics, and Carcass Traits.

Ninety crossbreed bulls (349.5 ± 8.25 kg initial weight) were used in an 87day trial to compare the effects of a blend of essential oils plus 25-hydroxy-Vit-D3 (EO + HyD) versus the combination of monensin with virginiamycin (MON + VM) on feedlot growth performance and carcass characteristics. Dietary treatments (nine replicates/treatment) were supplemented with 40 mg/kg diet dry matter of MON + VM (equal parts) or with 120.12 mg/kg diet dry matter of a combination of standardized mixture of essential oils (120 mg) plus 0.12 mg of 25-hydroxy-vitamin-D3 (EO + HyD). There were no treatment effects on dry matter intake (DMI, p = 0.63). However, the coefficient of variation in day-to-day DMI was greater for EO + HyD than for MON + VM (11.4% vs. 3.88%, p = 0.04). There were no treatment effects (p ≥ 0.17) on daily weight gain, gain-to-feed ratio, and estimated dietary net energy. Cattle supplemented with EO + HyD had greater Longissimus muscle area (7.9%, p < 0.01) and estimated retail yield (1.6%, p = 0.03), and tended to have heavier (1.7%, p = 0.10) carcass weight. Differences among treatments in dressing percentage, fat thickness, kidney−pelvic−heart fat, and marbling score were not appreciable (p > 0.10). It is concluded that growth performance response and dietary energetic are similar for finishing cattle supplemented with EO + HyD vs. MON + VM. However, compared with MON + VM, supplementation with EO + HyD during the finishing phase may improve carcass Longissimus area and carcass yield.

Electrospinning-Generated Nanofiber Scaffolds Suitable for Integration of Primary Human Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells.

The extracellular matrix is fundamental in order to maintain normal function in many organs such as the blood vessels, heart, liver, or bones. When organs fail or experience injury, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine elicit the production of constructs resembling the native extracellular matrix, supporting organ restoration and function. In this regard, is it possible to optimize structural characteristics of nanofiber scaffolds obtained by the electrospinning technique? This study aimed to produce partially degraded collagen (gelatin) nanofiber scaffolds, using the electrospinning technique, with optimized parameters rendering different morphological characteristics of nanofibers, as well as assessing whether the resulting scaffolds are suitable to integrate primary human endothelial progenitor cells, obtained from peripheral blood with further in vitro cell expansion. After different assay conditions, the best nanofiber morphology was obtained with the following electrospinning parameters: 15 kV, 0.06 mL/h, 1000 rpm and 12 cm needle-to-collector distance, yielding an average nanofiber thickness of 333 ± 130 nm. Nanofiber scaffolds rendered through such electrospinning conditions were suitable for the integration and proliferation of human endothelial progenitor cells.

Calidad de vida asociada con polifarmacia en personas con lesiones cutáneas crónicas.

OBJETIVO: Analizar la asociación entre el uso de polifarmacia y la calidad de vida de personas con lesiones cutáneas crónicas. MÉTODO: Estudio transversal con una muestra conformada por 146 personas afectadas por lesiones cutáneas crónicas, vinculadas con la atención primaria de salud. La recolección de datos se realizó entre julio de 2017 y febrero de 2018. La información se recopiló mediante un cuestionario sociodemográfico y el cuestionario Cardiff Wound Impact Schedule (CWIS). RESULTADOS: Hubo predominio de hipertensión arterial sistémica en 86 personas (58,9%) y de diabetes mellitus en 50 (34,2%). La etiología de la lesión cutánea predominante fue vasculogénica (38,4%), y se identificó polifarmacia en el 46,7% de los pacientes. En el cuestionario CWIS, el dominio con el puntaje promedio más bajo fue el bienestar (promedio de 46,2±17,9). Hubo asociación estadísticamente significativa (p<0.05) entre polifarmacia y las siguientes variables: dominio de "síntomas físicos/vida diaria", dominio de "vida social" y "autosatisfacción con la calidad de vida". CONCLUSIÓN: La polifarmacia está asociada con un detrimento en la calidad de vida de personas con lesiones cutáneas crónicas. Por lo tanto, los profesionales de la salud que trabajan en la atención primaria deberían considerar la terapia farmacológica en sus planes de atención, coordinar con asistencia médica y farmacéutica la elaboración de estrategias de monitoreo de los riesgos que involucran la polifarmacia, y evaluar sus impactos en la calidad de vida. CONFLICTO DE INTERÉS: Ninguno.

Calidad de vida asociada con polifarmacia en personas con lesiones cutáneas crónicas.

OBJETIVO: Analizar la asociación entre el uso de polifarmacia y la calidad de vida de personas con lesiones cutáneas crónicas. MÉTODO: Estudio transversal con una muestra conformada por 146 personas afectadas por lesiones cutáneas crónicas, vinculadas con la atención primaria de salud. La recolección de datos se realizó entre julio de 2017 y febrero de 2018. La información se recopiló mediante un cuestionario sociodemográfico y el cuestionario Cardiff Wound Impact Schedule (CWIS). RESULTADOS: Hubo predominio de hipertensión arterial sistémica en 86 personas (58,9%) y de diabetes mellitus en 50 (34,2%). La etiología de la lesión cutánea predominante fue vasculogénica (38,4%), y se identificó polifarmacia en el 46,7% de los pacientes. En el cuestionario CWIS, el dominio con el puntaje promedio más bajo fue el bienestar (promedio de 46,2±17,9). Hubo asociación estadísticamente significativa (p<0.05) entre polifarmacia y las siguientes variables: dominio de "síntomas físicos/vida diaria", dominio de "vida social" y "autosatisfacción con la calidad de vida". CONCLUSIÓN: La polifarmacia está asociada con un detrimento en la calidad de vida de personas con lesiones cutáneas crónicas. Por lo tanto, los profesionales de la salud que trabajan en la atención primaria deberían considerar la terapia farmacológica en sus planes de atención, coordinar con asistencia médica y farmacéutica la elaboración de estrategias de monitoreo de los riesgos que involucran la polifarmacia, y evaluar sus impactos en la calidad de vida. CONFLICTO DE INTERÉS: Ninguno.

Efetividade de um programa de educação de enfermagem em pessoas com diabetes tipo 2 na atenção primária: ensaio clínico randomizado

Objetivo: Avaliar a efetividade de um programa de educação de enfermagem em indivíduos com diabetes tipo 2, considerando a relação entre as atitudes psicológicas e as características sociodemográficas, assim como o controle glicêmico, atendidos pela Estratégia de Saúde da Família do município de Divinópolis, estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Material e Método: Ensaio clínico randomizado realizado com 278 pessoas com diabetes tipo 2 distribuídas em grupo intervenção e controle. As Equações de Estimação Generalizadas foram ajustadas para verificar se haveria mudanças das atitudes psicológicas ou hemoglobina glicada associadas às características sociodemográficas ou duração de diabetes. Resultados: Houve associação para atitudes psicológicas, educação e controle glicêmico. O grupo intervenção melhorou as atitudes psicológicas (p= 11,2; IC= 95%: 7,4-15,0). As pessoas que melhoraram as atitudes tiveram redução da hemoglobina glicada no grupo intervenção (7,9 ± 0,2 vs 7,4 ± 0,2; p< 0,001) e aumento no grupo controle. O grupo intervenção diminuiu a hemoglobina glicada ao final do programa (p= -0,9; IC= 95%: -1,4 -0,5). Conclusão: O grupo intervenção melhorou as atitudes psicológicas ao comparar com o grupo controle, exceto entre pessoas com menos de cinco anos de diagnóstico.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a nursing program in people with type 2 diabetes, considering the relationship between psychological attitudes and sociodemographic characteristics, as well as glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes, assisted by the Family Health Strategy in the city of Divinópolis, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Material and Method: Randomized clinical trial carried out with 278 people with type 2 diabetes distributed in an intervention and a control group. The Generalized Estimating Equations were adjusted to control for changes in psychological attitudes or glycosylated hemoglobin associated with sociodemographic characteristics or duration of diabetes. Results: There was an association between psychological attitudes, education and glycemic control. The intervention group improved psychological attitudes (p = 11.21; CI = 95%: 7.4-15.0). People who improved attitudes had a reduction in glycosylated hemoglobin in the intervention group (7.9 ± 0.2 vs. 7.4 ± 0.2, p<0.001) and an increase in the control group. The intervention group decreased glycosylated hemoglobin at the end of the program (p = -0.9; 95% CI: -1.4; -0.5). Conclusion: The intervention group improved psychological attitudes when compared to the control group, except among people with less than five years of diagnosis.

Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad de un programa de educación de enfermería en personas con diabetes tipo 2, considerando la relación entre las actitudes psicológicas y las características sociodemográficas y el control glicémico en individuos con diabetes tipo 2, atendidos en la Estrategia Salud de la Familia en la ciudad de Divinópolis, estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Material y Método: Ensayo clínico aleatorizado realizado con 278 personas con diabetes tipo 2 divididas en grupos de intervención y control. Las Ecuaciones de Estimación Generalizadas se ajustaron para comprobar si había cambios en las actitudes psicológicas o la hemoglobina glucosilada asociados con las características sociodemográficas o la duración de la diabetes. Resultados: Hubo una asociación para las actitudes psicológicas, la educación y el control glicémico. El grupo de intervención mejoró las actitudes psicológicas (p= 11,21; IC= 95%: 7,4-15,0). Las personas que mejoraron las actitudes tuvieron una reducción de la hemoglobina glucosilada en el grupo de intervención (7,9 ± 0,2 frente a 7,4 ± 0,2, p <0,001) y un aumento en el grupo de control. El grupo de intervención disminuyó la hemoglobina glucosilada al final del programa (p= -0,9; IC 95%: -1,4-0,5). Conclusión: El grupo de intervención mejoró las actitudes psicológicas en comparación con el grupo de control, excepto entre las personas con menos de cinco años de diagnóstico.

Construção da rede de atenção para lesões cutâneas / Construction of the care network for skin lesions / Construcción de la red de atención para lesiones cutáneas

Objetivo:descrever o processo de implementação da Rede de Atenção à Saúde em Lesões Cutâneas no município de Divinópolis − MG. Método: trata-se de um relato de experiência sobre a implementação de uma Rede de Atenção à Saúde em Lesões Cutâneas a partir do Programa de Educação Pelo Trabalho para Saúde (PET-Saúde/GraduaSUS), no período de maio de 2016 a abril de 2018. Participaram das ações professores e alunos de uma universidade pública e profissionais enfermeiros vinculados à Secretaria Municipal de Saúde do município. Resultados: foi possível implementar a Rede de Atenção à Saúde para prevenção e tratamento de lesões cutâneas de maneira estruturada e sistematizada. Foi estabelecido um fluxo de atendimento, supervisão de casos e acompanhamento clínico por meio da construção de um protocolo assistencial. Conclusão: a habilidade prática e o conhecimento científico de alunos e profissionais de saúde para o tratamento e manejo de lesões cutâneas foram desenvolvidos fortalecendo, assim, a tríade ensino-serviço-comunidade.

Objective: describe the process of implementing the Rede de Atenção à Saúde em Lesões Cutâneas (Health Care Network for Skin Injuries) in the municipality of Divinópolis - MG. Method: it is an experience report on the implementation of a Health Care Network for Skin Injuries from the Programa de Educação Pelo Trabalho para Saúde (PET-Saúde/GraduaSUS) (Education Through Work for Health Program), from May 2016 to April 2018. Teachers and students from a public university and professional nurses linked to the Municipal Health Secretariat of the municipality participated in the actions. Results: it was possible to implement the Health Care Network for the prevention and treatment of skin lesions in a structured and systematic way. A flow of care, case supervision and clinical follow-up was established through the construction of an assistance protocol. Conclusion: the practical skill and scientific knowledge of students and health professionals for the treatment and management of skin lesions were developed, thus strengthening the teaching-service-community triad.

Adequacy assessment of immunobiological agent conservation in the Western Health macro-region of Minas Gerais State, Brazil: a descriptive study, 2017. / Avaliação da adequação da conservação de imunobiológicos na macrorregião de saúde Oeste de Minas Gerais: estudo descritivo, 2017.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the adequacy of immunobiological agent conservation in vaccination rooms in the municipalities of the Western health macro-region of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. METHODS: This was a descriptive study, based on a validated scale, with a maximum score of 15 points. A descriptive analysis and an association test between the scores obtained by the municipalities and variables of the external context were performed. RESULTS: 275 out of a total of 295 existing vaccination rooms were evaluated. Immunobiological agent conservation in the West macro-region obtained an average score of 4 points (standard score, 0 to 15). There was a poor availability of immunization supplies aimed at immunobiological agent conservation, and work processes, that require improvement. Small municipalities presented better immunobiological agent conservation (p=0.011). CONCLUSION: Immunobiological agent conservation in vaccination rooms in the Western health macro-region of Minas Gerais State was considered inadequate.

Evaluation of group education strategies and telephone intervention for type 2 diabetes. / Avaliação das estratégias de educação em grupo e intervenção telefônica para o diabetes tipo 2.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate group education strategies and telephone intervention regarding the variables empowerment, self-care practices, and glycemic control of people with diabetes. METHOD: Clinical trial with eight randomized clusters, conducted between 2015 and 2016, with 208 users with type 2 diabetes mellitus allocated for group education, telephone intervention, or control group. Sociodemographic data, glycated hemoglobin, empowerment, and self-care practices were collected. RESULTS: The user mean age was of 63.5 years (SD = 8.9 years), with the participation of 124 women, which amounts to 59.6% of these users. The strategies led to a statistically significant reduction in the levels of glycated hemoglobin (p < 0.001). The telephone intervention was also observed to present statistically significant results regarding self-care practices (p < 0.001) and empowerment in diabetes (p < 0.001) when compared to group education. CONCLUSION: The telephone intervention presented statistically significant results for empowerment and practices of self-care when compared to group education. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos): RBR-7gb4wm.

Consulta de enfermagem: o cuidado na perspectiva da pessoa com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 / Consulta de enfermería: atención desde la perspectiva de la persona con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 / Nursing consultation: care from the perspective of the person with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Objetivo: conhecer a percepção da pessoa com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 sobre a consulta de enfermagem, individual e coletiva, realizada na Estratégia Saúde da Família. Método: estudo qualitativo, fundamentado na teoria do interacionismo simbólico, com 15 usuários acompanhados por consulta de enfermagem, seguindo protocolo de intervenção e mudança de comportamento, por seis meses, em 2017. Dados coletados por meio de grupo focal e analisados mediante a técnica de Análise de Conteúdo na modalidade temática. Resultados: ao ser instituída a consulta de enfermagem, o usuário começa a perceber o Enfermeiro como um dos atores envolvidos em seu cuidado, além de referir mudanças de comportamento e os benefícios após serem acompanhados. Conclusões: a consulta de enfermagem tem impacto positivo no cotidiano da pessoa com diabetes mellitus, pois auxilia o usuário a reconhecer sua condição crônica, desmistifica o medo, contribui para o empoderamento e o aumento do autocuidado.(AU)

Objective: to know the perception of the person with type 2 diabetes mellitus about the individual and collective nursing consultation carried out in the Family Health Strategy. Method: qualitative study based on the theory of symbolic interactionism with 15 users followed by a nursing consultation following an intervention protocol and behavior change, for six months in 2017. Data collected through a focus group and analyzed using the Content Analysis technique in thematic modality. Results: when the nursing consultation is instituted, the user begins to perceive the nurse as one of the actors involved in their care, in addition to referring to behavioral changes and benefits after being followed up. Conclusions: the nursing consultation has a positive impact on the daily life of people with diabetes mellitus, as it helps the user to recognize their chronic condition, demystifies fear, contributes to empowerment and increased self-care.(AU)

Objetivo: conocer la percepción de la persona con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 acerca de la consulta de enfermería individual y colectiva realizada en la Estrategia de Salud Familiar. Método: estudio cualitativo basado en la teoría del interaccionismo simbólico con 15 usuarios seguido de una consulta de enfermería siguiendo un protocolo de intervención y cambio de comportamiento, durante seis meses en 2017. Datos recopilados a través de un grupo focal y analizados utilizando la técnica de Análisis de Contenido en modalidad temática. Resultados: cuando se inicia la consulta de enfermería, el usuario comienza a percibir a la enfermera como uno de los actores involucrados en su atención, además de referirse a los cambios de comportamiento y los beneficios después de un seguimiento. Conclusiones: la consulta de enfermería ayuda al usuario a reconocer su condición crónica, desmitifica el miedo, contribuye al empoderamiento y al autocuidado.(AU)

Medical Device-Related Pressure Injury in an Intensive Care Unit: A Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Medical devices can cause pressure injuries. PURPOSE: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with medical device-related pressure injury (MDRPI) in an intensive care unit (ICU). METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed among adult patients (at least 18 years of age) admitted to an ICU in a referral hospital in Brazil between December 2019 and February 2020. The skin of patients who consented to participate was assessed for the presence of an MDRPI, and the use of all medical devices was noted. Other independent variables (sociodemographic variables, medical history, pressure injury risk factors, medications, and length of hospitalization) were abstracted from the medical records. Bivariate data analysis included Pearson's chi-square test or Fisher's exact test; odds ratio and a confidence interval of 95% also were established. Correlation among independent variables and MDRPI was determined using the ρ Spearman correlation test, and a hierarchical binary logistic regression analysis was performed using statistically significant variables from the bivariate analysis. P < .05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The 125 study participants ranged in age from 15 to 97 years (mean, 63.02 ± 19.2), 76 (60.8%) were men, and 76 (60.8%) were White. Of the 125 participants, 43 (34%) experienced MDRPI; the total number of MDRPIs was 58 (3 patients had 3 injuries, and 7 patients had 2 injuries). Of those 58 MDRPIs, 46 were stage 1, and 12 were stage 2. Polypharmacy (> 4 medications) was a significant risk factor for MDRPI. Use of a nasal catheter, cord for orotracheal tube fixation, oximeter, intra-abdominal pressure equipment, and indwelling urinary catheter was significantly associated with the presence of MDRPI. Renal and respiratory diseases and the presence of infection were positively related to the presence of MDRPI. CONCLUSION: Medical device-related pressure injury was prevalent in this patient population. Most of these injuries were stage 1, which suggests that frequent monitoring and device repositioning (when possible) may help prevent more serious injuries. Additional research involving other hospitals in Brazil is needed to increase the understanding of the prevalence and risk factors of MDRPIs in patients in the ICU.