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1.
Sci Rep ; 7(1): 17140, 2017 12 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29215042

ABSTRACT

The recent evolution of cattle is marked by fluctuations in body size. Height in the Bos taurus lineage was reduced by a factor of ~1.5 from the Neolithic to the Middle Ages, and increased again only during the Early Modern Ages. Using haplotype analysis, we found evidence that the bovine PLAG1 mutation (Q) with major effects on body size, weight and reproduction is a >1,000 years old derived allele that increased rapidly in frequency in Northwestern European B. taurus between the 16th and 18th centuries. Towards the 19th and 20th centuries, Q was introgressed into non-European B. taurus and Bos indicus breeds. These data implicate a major role of Q in recent changes in body size in modern cattle, and represent one of the first examples of a genomic sweep in livestock that was driven by selection on a complex trait.


Subject(s)
Bone and Bones , DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics , Genetic Pleiotropy , Genetics, Population , Haplotypes , Mutation , Posture , Animals , Cattle , Linkage Disequilibrium
2.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2005. [129] p. ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: lil-505292

ABSTRACT

Este estudo tem como objeto o uso e abuso de drogas psicoativas por trabalhadores de enfermagem, e sua relação com a saúde deste trabalhador. A abordagem foi exploratória, qualitativa e baseou-se na metodologia do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC). O objetivo geral foi o de identificar, por meio da construção de discursos coletivos, as percepções de 10 trabalhadores de enfermagem de um hospital público, alocados nos setores de clínica médico-cirúrgica e emergência. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevista semi-estruturada, e a organização dos dados seguiu os passos de categorização do DSC; a discussão dos achados foi realizada tomando como base as normativas técnicas da SENAD (1999), e os referenciais teórico-metodológicos de LEFÉVRE (2003), MURAD(1982), GUERINO PIN (1999), SPRIClGO (2004) e CARILLO (2003). Os resultados forma organizados em três categorias principais, i) a droga como fenômeno social: ii) o uso de drogas pelo trabalhador de enfermagem e iii) a droga e a saúde do trabalhador de enfermagem. Em relação à primeira categoria, foram discutidas as subcategorias: o fenômeno drogas na atualidade, e sua relação com a criminalidade; as drogas como elemento negativo para a saúde e droga ilícita , segurança pública e medidas repressivas. Na discussão sobre o uso de drogas pela enfermagem, as questões abordadas foram: a facilidade de acesso e uso pelo profissional e a falta de regulação deste acesso; o uso de drogas pela enfermagem está em crescimento; alguns enfermeiros desconhecem os efeitos negativos das drogas. Na relação com a saúde deste trabalhador, discutiu-se o uso de drogas como elemento que facilita o enfrentamento das jornadas de trabalho, sobretudo noturnas; o uso abusivo de drogas causa problemas à saúde do enfermeiro e interfere no seu trabalho...


This study investigated psychoactive drugs use and abuse by nursing workers, and it's relationship with their health. An exploratory, qualitative study was carried on, using the methodology of Collective Subject's Discourse (OSC). The main objective was to identify the perceptions of 10 nursing workers of surgical clinic and emergency room of a public hospital. Data collection was accomplished through semi-structured interviews, and the organization followed the steps of DSC categorization. Theoretical-methodological discussion was based on SENAD (1999), LEFÉVRE (2003), MURAD(l982), GUERINO PIN (1999), SPR1CIGO (2004) and CARlLLO (2003). The results were organized in three main categories, i) the drug as a social phenomenon: ii) drug use by nursing and iii) drug use and nursing worker's health. From the first category, followed sub-categories as: drug phenomenon at present time, and it's relationship with criminality; the drugs as negative element for health; illicit drugs, public safety and repressive measures. In the discussion on the drug use by nursing workers, the issues that emerged were: the easiness of access and use by health professional and the lack of regulation of this access: the increasing drug use by nursing workers; some nurses ignorance about the negative effects of drugs. In the category that related drug use with the worker's health, drug use was discussed as an element that facilitates workers to cope with the difficulties in their work. mainly in night shifts; drug abuse as a cause of problems to nurse's health and work...


Subject(s)
Humans , Working Conditions , Occupational Health Nursing , Nursing, Team , Social Perception , Occupational Health , Substance-Related Disorders , Brazil , Burnout, Professional/nursing , Nurse's Role , Qualitative Research
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