ABSTRACT
Identification of vaginal fluids is an important step in the process of sexual assaults confirmation. Advances in both microbiology and molecular biology defined technical approaches allowing the discrimination of body fluids. These protocols are based on the identification of specific bacterial communities by microfloraDNA (mfDNA) amplification. A multiplex real time-PCR assay (ForFLUID kit) has been developed for identifying biological fluids and for discrimination among vaginal, oral and fecal samples. In order to test its efficacy and reliability of the assay in the identification of vaginal fluids, an interlaboratory evaluation has been performed on homogeneous vaginal swabs. All the involved laboratories were able to correctly recognize all the vaginal swabs, and no false positives were identified when the assay was applied on non-vaginal samples. The assay represents an useful molecular tool that can be easily adopted by forensic geneticists involved in vaginal fluid identification.
Subject(s)
Cervix Mucus/microbiology , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Vagina/microbiology , Adult , Enterococcus faecalis/genetics , Enterococcus faecalis/isolation & purification , Female , Forensic Medicine/standards , Humans , Laboratories/standards , Lactobacillus/genetics , Lactobacillus/isolation & purification , Staphylococcus/genetics , Staphylococcus/isolation & purification , Streptococcus/genetics , Streptococcus/isolation & purificationSubject(s)
Aquaculture/methods , Temperature , Tilapia/physiology , Water Microbiology , Water Pollution, Chemical/prevention & control , Water/standards , Ammonia/analysis , Animals , Carbon/analysis , Environmental Monitoring/methods , Nitrogen/analysis , Oxygen/analysis , Population Density , Seasons , Starch/analysis , Starch/metabolism , Tilapia/growth & development , Tilapia/metabolism , Water Pollution, Chemical/analysisABSTRACT
Autoinducer 2 (AI-2) quorum sensing was shown before to regulate the virulence of Vibrio harveyi towards the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana. In this study, several different pathogenic V. harveyi, Vibrio campbellii, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates were shown to produce AI-2. Furthermore, disruption of AI-2 quorum sensing by a natural and a synthetic brominated furanone protected gnotobiotic Artemia from the pathogenic isolates in in vivo challenge tests.