ABSTRACT
An aqueous ethanol extract of Eupatorium altissimum L. (Compositae) showed confirmed activity in the P-388 lymphocytic leukemia assay in mice, and the chloroform solubles showed both cytotoxic activity in the 9KB carcinoma of the nasopharynx cell culture assay and antitumor activity in the P-388 lymphocytic leukemia assay. Two flavones, eupatorin and 5-hydroxy-3',4',6,7-tetramethoxyflavone, were isolated and identified. Both were devoid of cytotoxic and antitumor activity.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification , Flavonoids/isolation & purification , Plants, Medicinal/analysis , Animals , Flavonoids/pharmacology , Leukemia, Experimental/drug therapy , MiceSubject(s)
Morphine/analysis , Papaver , Plants, Medicinal , Papaver/analysis , Papaver/growth & development , Seeds/analysisABSTRACT
PIP: Literature on the phytochemical study of plant estrogens is reviewed. The coumestans reportedly have a greater degree of estrogenic activity than the isoflavones. Diethylstilbestrol is the prototype of the synthetic silbene derivatives. Of the natural stilbenes, only rhaponticin possesses estrogenic activity, though this is not firmly established. 6, 4'-dihydroxyflavone has also been reported to have estrogenic activity. Coumestrol and genistein have been shown to compete with 17beta-estradiol for binding sites in the uterus of young rabbits. Vinblastine, demecolene, and podophyllotoxin posses known cyto toxic, antifertility properties. Naturally occurring steroid estrogens, estrogenic isoflavins, coumestans, plants with reported estrogenic activity, and cytotoxic agents with antifertility properties are listed along with their plant sources.^ieng
Subject(s)
Contraceptive Agents/isolation & purification , Plants, Medicinal , Plants , Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Contraceptive Agents/pharmacology , Estrogens/isolation & purification , Plants/analysis , Plants, Medicinal/analysisABSTRACT
PIP: A comprehensive review of plants that possess contraceptive or interceptive, abortifacient, ecbolic, oxytocic, or emmenagogue properties is presented. The plants reviewed are those which have a folkloric reputation of contraceptive effects and those which have been tested on laboratory animals for their antifertility effect. The preovulatory, preimplantation, and postimplantation antifertility mechanisms of plant substances affecting the hypothalamus-pituitary, ovary, oviduct, uterus, or vagina are discussed in terms of reproductive differences among laboratory animal species. Lithospermic acid, m-Xylohydroquinone, coronaridine, rutin, and rottlerin are among the few active antifertility principles to be identified in higher plants. Volatile oils, quinine and castor oil, and sparteine have been used as abortifacient agents, but not with consistent success, and often with toxic, if not fetal, side effects.^ieng
Subject(s)
Contraceptives, Oral , Plants, Medicinal , Abortifacient Agents/pharmacology , Animals , Castor Oil/pharmacology , Contraceptives, Oral/pharmacology , Cricetinae , Female , Guinea Pigs , Hypothalamus/drug effects , Menstruation-Inducing Agents/pharmacology , Mice , Oils/pharmacology , Ovary/drug effects , Oviducts/drug effects , Oxytocics/pharmacology , Pituitary Gland/drug effects , Quinine/pharmacology , Rabbits , Rats , Reproduction/drug effects , Sparteine/pharmacology , Uterus/drug effects , Vagina/drug effectsSubject(s)
Atropa belladonna/growth & development , Plants, Medicinal , Plants, Toxic , Alkaloids , Biometry , Chemical Phenomena , Chemistry , Environment , PhenotypeABSTRACT
The effect of deuteriation on the germination rate of seeds is studied as a possible screening technique prior to the cultivation of a plant in high concentrations of D2O. There appears to be a simple relationship between size of the seed and germination capacity in high deuterium concentrations. Larger seeds may be more successful in germinating because of greater hydrogen-containg food reserves.
