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1.
Prog Community Health Partnersh ; 18(1): 121-129, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38661833

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Three tribal communities in the Southwestern United States have a long-standing partnership with the Johns Hopkins Center for Indigenous Health (JHCIH). OBJECTIVES: In response to community concerns about obesity, three tribal communities and Johns Hopkins Center for Indigenous Health partnered to develop culturally relevant plans for a new program. METHODS: Using a "community visioning" process, a community advisory board (CAB) from each community identified opportunities, challenges, goals, and visions for their communities. The CABs consulted with experts in pediatrics, nutrition, food distribution, agricultural restoration, and community and school gardening. RESULTS: The CABs developed seven components for Feast for the Future: 1) Edible School Gardens; 2) Traditional Food-ways Education Program; 3) Community Gardens, Orchards, and Greenhouses; 4) Farmers Markets; 5) Farmers Workshops; 6) Family Gardens; and 7) a Mobile Grocery Store. CONCLUSIONS: A community-based participatory action research (CBPAR) process was critical to developing a culturally appropriate program that built on community strengths.


Subject(s)
Community-Based Participatory Research , Humans , Community-Institutional Relations , Health Promotion/organization & administration , Southwestern United States , Indians, North American , Program Development , Obesity/prevention & control
2.
Int J Circumpolar Health ; 83(1): 2313823, 2024 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38563298

ABSTRACT

This manuscript presents a qualitative exploration of the experiences of people in two Southwestern Alaska communities during the emergence of COVID-19 and subsequent pandemic response. The project used principles of community based participatory research and honoured Indigenous ways of knowing throughout the study design, data collection, analysis, and dissemination. Data was collected in 2022 through group and individual conversations with community members, exploring impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants included Elders, community health workers, Tribal council members, government employees, school personnel, and emergency response personnel. Notes and written responses were coded using thematic qualitative analysis. The most frequently identified themes were 1) feeling disconnected from family, friends, and other relationships, 2) death, 3) the Tribal councils did a good job, and 4) loss of celebrations and ceremonies. While the findings highlighted grief and a loss of social cohesion due to the pandemic, they also included indicators of resilience and thriving, such as appropriate and responsive local governance, revitalisation of traditional medicines, and coming together as a community to survive. This case study was conducted as part of an international collaboration to identify community-driven, evidence-based recommendations to inform pan-Arctic collaboration and decision making in public health during global emergencies.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Resilience, Psychological , Humans , Aged , Pandemics , Alaska/epidemiology , Public Health
3.
Int J Circumpolar Health ; 83(1): 2336284, 2024 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38573784

ABSTRACT

This paper outlines the methodological approaches to a multi-site Circumpolar case study exploring the impacts of COVID-19 on Indigenous and remote communities in 7 of 8 Arctic countries. Researchers involved with the project implemented a three-phase multi-site case study to assess the positive and negative societal outcomes associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in Arctic communities from 2020 to 2023. The goal of the multi-site case study was to identify community-driven models and evidence-based promising practices and recommendations that can help inform cohesive and coordinated public health responses and protocols related to future public health emergencies in the Arctic. Research sites included a minimum of 1 one community each from Canada (Nunavut,) United States of America (Alaska), Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Finland. The approaches used for our multi-site case study provide a comprehensive, evidence-based account of the complex health challenges facing Arctic communities, offering insights into the effectiveness of interventions, while also privileging Indigenous local knowledge and voices. The mixed method multi-site case study approach enriched the understanding of unique regional health disparities and strengths during the pandemic. These methodological approaches serve as a valuable resource for policymakers, researchers, and healthcare professionals, informing future strategies and interventions.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Pandemics , Humans , Arctic Regions , Alaska/epidemiology , Canada , Greenland
4.
Public Health Rep ; 139(1): 11-17, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37846519

ABSTRACT

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused social and economic disruption worldwide and spurred numerous mitigation strategies, including state investments in training a large contact tracing and case investigation workforce. A team at the University of Alaska Anchorage evaluated implementation of the COVID-19 contact tracing and case investigation program of the State of Alaska Department of Health and Social Services, Division of Public Health, Section of Public Health Nursing. As part of that evaluation, the team used COVIDTracer, a spreadsheet modeling tool. COVIDTracer generated projections of COVID-19 case counts that informed estimates of workforce needs and case prioritization strategies. Case count projections approximated the reported epidemiologic curve with a median 7% difference in the first month. The accuracy of case count predictions declined after 1 month with a median difference of 80% in the second month. COVIDTracer inputs included previous case counts, the average length of time for telephone calls to cases and outreach to identified contacts, and the average number of contacts per case. As each variable increased, so too did estimated workforce needs. Decreasing the average time from exposure to outreach from 10 to 5 days reduced case counts estimated by COVIDTracer by approximately 93% during a 5-month period. COVIDTracer estimates informed Alaska's workforce planning and decisions about prioritizing case investigation during the pandemic. Lessons learned included the importance of being able to rapidly scale up and scale down workforce to adjust to a dynamic crisis and the limitations of prediction modeling (eg, that COVIDTracer was accurate for only about 1 month into the future). These findings may be useful for future pandemic preparedness planning and other public health emergency response activities.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Humans , Alaska/epidemiology , COVID-19/epidemiology , Public Health , Pandemics , Health Workforce , Workforce , Contact Tracing
5.
Int J Circumpolar Health ; 82(1): 2271211, 2023 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37898999

ABSTRACT

Beginning January of 2020, COVID-19 cases detected in Arctic countries triggered government policy responses to stop transmission and limit caseloads beneath levels that would overwhelm existing healthcare systems. This review details the various restrictions, health mandates, and transmission mitigation strategies imposed by governments in eight Arctic countries (the United States, Canada, Greenland, Norway, Finland, Sweden, Iceland, and Russia) during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, through 31 January 2021s31 January 2021. We highlight formal protocols and informal initiatives adopted by local communities in each country, beyond what was mandated by regional or national governments. This review documents travel restrictions, communications, testing strategies, and use of health technology to track and monitor COVID-19 cases. We provide geographical and sociocultural background and draw on local media and communications to contextualise the impact of COVID-19 emergence and prevention measures in Indigenous communities in the Arctic. Countries saw varied case rates associated with local protocols, governance, and population. Still, almost all regions maintained low COVID-19 case rates until November of 2020. This review was produced as part of an international collaboration to identify community-driven, evidence-based promising practices and recommendations to inform pan-Arctic collaboration and decision making in public health during global emergencies.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , United States , Humans , COVID-19/epidemiology , Public Health , Pandemics/prevention & control , Arctic Regions , Canada/epidemiology
6.
J Technol Behav Sci ; 8(2): 113-117, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37215393

ABSTRACT

Suicide disproportionately impacts young Alaska Native people in the northwestern region of Alaska. As part of its efforts to address this challenge, Maniilaq Association developed a program to determine the feasibility of sending short text messages of caring and support. Process evaluation measures included the number of enrollees and the number of text messages sent each month. To determine participant satisfaction and seek recommendations for improvements, a short, online survey was disseminated to enrollees via text message in 2021 and 2022. Between January 2020 and September 2021, text messages were sent each month to about 100 participants, each with an accompanying image. Messages included "You are capable of amazing things" and "You are enough". Twenty-five individuals completed the 2021 survey and 11 the 2022 survey; three quarters lived in Northwest Arctic. Respondents said the messages improved their mood and made them feel like they mattered a lot or a great deal. The intervention was well-received by participants, inspiring individuals to reach out to others and reach out for help for themselves. Recommendations for improvements included increasing culturally relevant and meaningful quotes and the frequency and consistency of messages. Due to concerns around confidentiality, it is unclear if the initiative reached those most at-risk for suicide. However, participants sharing the messages among the small population of the region may have facilitated a broader reach than would otherwise be expected. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s41347-022-00293-z.

7.
J Cancer Educ ; 38(4): 1344-1352, 2023 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36840838

ABSTRACT

Culturally appropriate cancer education is an opportunity to reduce health inequities in cancer. This manuscript describes the outcomes of piloting cancer education for youth in the Northwest Arctic region of Alaska. The project began due to community concerns, was focused through sharing circles conducted in the region, and was guided by a community advisory board. The project was based on the principles of Community Based Participatory Action Research (CBPAR), honored Indigenous Ways of Knowing, and was grounded in Empowerment Theory. In response to community requests, eleven cancer education lessons were developed for young people in the Northwest Arctic. Several lessons were piloted in spring 2022. Each participant was invited to complete a pre-lesson and a post-lesson survey. A total of 113 surveys were completed from five different lessons: 66 pre-lesson surveys and 47 post-lesson surveys. Respondents' mean cancer knowledge scores were significantly higher after the Cancer Basics lesson. On 98% of post-lesson surveys, respondents said they planned to share cancer education messages such as staying tobacco-free and increasing physical activity with others, including their family, friends, and community members. On 93% of the post-lesson surveys, respondents indicated they planned to make changes to reduce their own personal cancer risk, including by staying tobacco-free, eating healthier, and increasing physical activity. "Cancer is serious, and something we should start talking about".


Subject(s)
Health Education , Neoplasms , Adolescent , Humans , Alaska , Neoplasms/prevention & control , Surveys and Questionnaires , Students
8.
Scand J Public Health ; 51(7): 1086-1095, 2023 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33899601

ABSTRACT

AIMS: Historically, health research in the Arctic has focused on documenting ill-health using a narrow set of deficit-oriented epidemiologic indicators (i.e., prevalence of disease and mortality rates). While useful, this type of research does not adequately capture the breadth and complexities of community health and well-being, and fails to highlight solutions. A community's context, strengths, and continued expressions of well-being need to guide inquiries, inform processes, and contextualize recommendations. In this paper, we present a conceptual framework developed to address the aforementioned concerns and inform community-led health and social research in the Arctic. METHODS: The proposed framework is informed by our collective collaborations with circumpolar communities, and syntheses of individual and group research undertaken throughout the Circumpolar North. Our framework encourages investigation into the contextual factors that promote circumpolar communities to thrive. RESULTS: Our framework centers on the visual imagery of an iceberg. There is a need to dive deeper than superficial indicators of health to examine individual, family, social, cultural, historical, linguistic, and environmental contexts that support communities in the Circumpolar North to thrive. A participatory community-based approach in conjunction with ongoing epidemiologic research is necessary in order to effectively support health and wellness. Conclusions: The iceberg framework is a way to conceptualize circumpolar health research and encourage investigators to both monitor epidemiologic indicators and also dive below the surface using participatory methodology to investigate contextual factors that support thriving communities.


Subject(s)
Diving , Humans , Arctic Regions , Public Health
9.
Cancer Causes Control ; 33(8): 1095-1105, 2022 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35773504

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Prior cancer research is limited by inconsistencies in defining rurality. The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of cancer risk factors and cancer screening behaviors across various county-based rural classification codes, including measures reflecting a continuum, to inform our understanding of cancer disparities according to the extent of rurality. METHODS: Using an ecological cross-sectional design, we examined differences in cancer risk factors and cancer screening behaviors from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and National Health Interview Survey (2008-2013) across rural counties and between rural and urban counties using four rural-urban classification codes for counties and county-equivalents in 2013: U.S. Office of Management and Budget, National Center for Health Statistics, USDA Economic Research Service's rural-urban continuum codes, and Urban Influence Codes. RESULTS: Although a rural-to-urban gradient was not consistently evident across all classification codes, the prevalence of smoking, obesity, physical inactivity, and binge alcohol use increased (all ptrend < 0.03), while colorectal, cervical and breast cancer screening decreased (all ptrend < 0.001) with increasing rurality. Differences in the prevalence of risk factors and screening behaviors across rural areas were greater than differences between rural and urban counties for obesity (2.4% vs. 1.5%), physical activity (2.9% vs. 2.5%), binge alcohol use (3.4% vs. 0.4%), cervical cancer screening (6.8% vs. 4.0%), and colorectal cancer screening (4.4% vs. 3.8%). CONCLUSIONS: Rural cancer disparities persist across multiple rural-urban classification codes, with marked variation in cancer risk factors and screening evident within rural regions. Focusing only on a rural-urban dichotomy may not sufficiently capture subpopulations of rural residents at greater risk for cancer and cancer-related mortality.


Subject(s)
Early Detection of Cancer , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Obesity , Risk Factors , Rural Population , United States/epidemiology , Urban Population
10.
Int J Circumpolar Health ; 81(1): 2055728, 2022 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35451927

ABSTRACT

Circumpolar Indigenous populations continue to experience dramatic health inequities when compared to their national counterparts. The objectives of this study are first, to explore the space given in the existing literature to the concepts of cultural safety and cultural competence, as it relates to Indigenous peoples in Circumpolar contexts; and second, to document where innovations have emerged. We conducted a review of the English, Danish, Norwegian, Russian and Swedish Circumpolar health literature focusing on Indigenous populations. We include research related to Alaska (USA); the Yukon, the Northwest Territories, Nunavik and Labrador (Canada); Greenland; Sápmi (northmost part of Sweden, Norway, and Finland); and arctic Russia. Our results show that the concepts of cultural safety and cultural competence (cultural humility in Nunavut) are widely discussed in the Canadian literature. In Alaska, the term relationship-centred care has emerged, and is defined broadly to encompass clinician-patient relationships and structural barriers to care. We found no evidence that similar concepts are used to inform service delivery in Greenland, Nordic countries and Russia. While we recognise that healthcare innovations are often localised, and that there is often a lapse before localised innovations find their way into the literature, we conclude that the general lack of attention to culturally safe care for Sámi and Greenlandic Inuit is somewhat surprising given Nordic countries' concern for the welfare of their citizens. We see this as an important gap, and out of step with commitments made under United Nations Declarations on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. We call for the integration of cultural safety (and its variants) as a lens to inform the development of health programs aiming to improve Indigenous in Circumpolar countries.


Subject(s)
Cultural Competency , Delivery of Health Care , Alaska , Canada , Humans , Indigenous Peoples
11.
Health Promot Pract ; 23(4): 631-639, 2022 07.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34416831

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Culturally relevant education is an opportunity to reduce health disparities, and online learning is an emerging avenue for health promotion. In 2014-2019, a team based at the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium developed, implemented, and evaluated culturally relevant online cancer education modules with, and for, Alaska's tribal primary care providers. The project was guided by Indigenous Ways of Knowing and the principles of community-based participatory action research and was evaluated in alignment with empowerment theory. About 265 unique learners completed 1,898 end-of-module evaluation surveys between March 2015 and August 2019, and 13 people completed a follow-up survey up to 28 months post module completion. KEY FINDINGS: Learners described the modules as culturally respectful and informative and reported feeling more knowledgeable and comfortable talking about cancer as a result of the modules. About 98% of the learners planned to reduce their cancer risk because of the modules, and all follow-up survey respondents had reduced their risk, including by quitting smoking, getting screened for cancer, eating healthier, and exercising more. About 98% of the learners planned to share information with their patients, families, friends, and community members because of the modules, with all follow-up survey respondents indicating that they had shared information about cancer from the modules. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE AND FURTHER RESEARCH: Culturally relevant online modules have the capacity for positive behavioral change and relatively high correlations between intent and behavior change. Future research could determine which aspects of the modules catalyzed reduced cancer risk and increased dissemination of cancer information.


Subject(s)
Education, Distance , Neoplasms , Community Health Workers/education , Health Promotion , Humans , Neoplasms/prevention & control , Primary Health Care
12.
J Cancer Educ ; 36(6): 1147-1154, 2021 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34313960

ABSTRACT

Culturally relevant health promotion with youth is an opportunity to reduce health inequities in cancer. This manuscript describes sharing circles conducted with three communities in the Northwest Arctic region of Alaska. The circles were designed to begin understanding community priorities and lay the foundation to develop culturally relevant cancer education. The project was guided by the principles of Community-Based Participatory Action Research (CBPAR), honored Indigenous ways of knowing, and was grounded in Empowerment Theory. The project team facilitated 13 sharing circles in November 2019 in three communities in the Northwest Arctic. There were a total of 122 participants, including teachers/school staff (31%), community members (30%), high school students (23%), and health professionals (16%). The circles explored youth knowledge, perceptions, questions, concerns, and hopes for cancer information; community members' desires for youth knowledge about cancer; and how teachers would like content to be formatted for effective inclusion in their classrooms. Common themes from the sharing circles included a desire for information on cancer prevention (all 13 sharing circles) and a need for information on cancer risk factors (12). In most sharing circles, participants shared that cancer information for youth should include stories like those of local people, cancer survivors, and role models (11), visuals (8), and local data and statistics (8). In addition, teachers and school staff in all communities wanted an online resource for teaching about cancer in their classrooms that had short videos/visuals with related lesson plans and activities."If I learn, I can reduce the chance of getting cancer in the future."


Subject(s)
Health Inequities , Neoplasms , Adolescent , Alaska , Community-Based Participatory Research , Health Education , Health Promotion , Humans , Neoplasms/prevention & control
13.
J Acad Nutr Diet ; 121(10): 1961-1974, 2021 10.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33888437

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: There are currently no national standards for lunch period lengths or physical activity in schools. Research is needed to better understand the impact of school initiatives that improve policies related to lunch and movement opportunities on student outcomes. Additionally, best practices are necessary to support schools that are considering initiatives that address these factors. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the impact of implementing longer lunch periods, recess, and other movement opportunities on student outcomes and best practices for implementation. DESIGN: A mixed-methods study including surveys and semistructured interviews and focus groups conducted during the 2019-2020 school year. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: Surveys (n = 5107) from students in grades 3 and 4 attending 19 pilot and 11 matched control elementary schools and interviews/focus groups among principals, cafeteria managers, teachers, and parents in a representative subsample (n = 6) of pilot schools in Anchorage Alaska. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Students' self-reported hunger levels and mood and perceptions and supportive strategies from school principals, cafeteria staff, teachers, and parents were examined. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED: Mixed-model analysis of variance accounting for student demographics with students as a random effect (students nested within schools) were used to examine differences in hunger and mood. For interviews/focus groups, responses were analyzed qualitatively using principles of content analysis. RESULTS: Longer lunch periods were associated with significantly reduced hunger at the end of lunch period and significantly increased self-reported happiness in the cafeteria. Based on interviews/focus groups with school staff and parents, the initiative was generally perceived positively with reported benefits including reductions in disciplinary issues and improvements in student focus, social and emotional learning, and overall student happiness and well-being. Several supportive strategies were identified. CONCLUSIONS: Initiatives that increase lunch period lengths and physical activity opportunities have the potential to reduce students' hunger levels and improve focus and behaviors in the classroom. Schools should consider similar initiatives that incorporate the suggested strategies to potentially improve outcomes among students.


Subject(s)
Exercise/psychology , Feeding Behavior/psychology , Food Services , Lunch/psychology , School Health Services , Students/psychology , Alaska , Child , Female , Focus Groups , Happiness , Health Plan Implementation , Humans , Hunger , Male , Pilot Projects , Program Evaluation , Schools
14.
J Cancer Educ ; 36(3): 484-490, 2021 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31776892

ABSTRACT

Culturally relevant health promotion is an opportunity to reduce health inequities in the cancer burden, and online learning is an emerging avenue for health promotion. To address a desire for synchronous online cancer education, a project team offered ten 1-hr cancer education webinars for Alaska's rural tribal health workers. The project was guided by the framework of Community-Based Participatory Action Research, honored Indigenous Ways of Knowing, and was informed by Empowerment Theory. The evaluation of this community-based intervention included end-of-webinar surveys. Between February and April 2018, 41 surveys were completed by 11 unique participants. All participants reported that, as a result of the webinars, they planned both to change their own behavior to reduce cancer risk, and to talk with their patients more often about cancer prevention strategies such as screenings, physical activity, tobacco cessation, and eating healthy. While the webinars addressed desires for synchronous actions to support cancer learning, and led to intentions to positive change behaviors, the ten webinars engaged far fewer unique learners than the team's asynchronous cancer education modules. This experience may inform other cancer educators' efforts to develop, implement, and evaluate online learning opportunities. Despite the small numbers, these webinars resulted in increased learners' intent to reduce cancer risk behaviors, share cancer information, and improved learners' capacity to talk about cancer in their communities.


Subject(s)
Community Health Workers , Neoplasms , Alaska , Health Education , Health Promotion , Humans , Neoplasms/prevention & control
15.
Int J Circumpolar Health ; 79(1): 1780068, 2020 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32567981

ABSTRACT

We estimated 2011-2015 Alaska mortality from modifiable behavioural risk factors using relative risks, hazard ratios, and population attributable fraction estimates from a comprehensive review of peer-reviewed literature; prevalence estimates from government reports; as well as data from the Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation for 2011-2015. To identify the number of deaths attributable to specified risk factors, we used mortality data from the Alaska Division of Public Health, Health Analytics & Vital Records Section. Data included actual reported deaths of Alaska residents for 2011-2015 that matched relevant underlying International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision codes. The actual causes of death in Alaska in 2011-2015 were estimated to be overweight/physical inactivity (20% of all deaths, 26% of Alaska Native deaths), smoking (18%/18%), alcohol consumption (9%/13%), firearms (4%/4%), and drug use (3%/3%). Other actual causes of death included microbial agents (3%/4%), motor vehicles (2%/2%), and environmental pollution (1%/1%). This updated methodology reveals that overweight/physical inactivity was the leading cause of death in Alaska, followed closely by smoking. Just three preventable causes made up almost 60% of all deaths, and almost 70% of deaths among Alaska Native people, both highlighting disparities and underscoring prevention needs.


Subject(s)
Cause of Death/trends , Health Behavior/ethnology , Age Distribution , Alaska/epidemiology , Alcohol Drinking/ethnology , Alcohol Drinking/mortality , Arctic Regions/epidemiology , Female , Firearms , Humans , Overweight/ethnology , Overweight/mortality , Risk Factors , Sex Distribution , Smoking/ethnology , Smoking/mortality , Substance-Related Disorders/ethnology , Substance-Related Disorders/mortality
16.
J Community Health ; 45(3): 458-464, 2020 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32060672

ABSTRACT

In response to a need for healthy, affordable food, Johns Hopkins Center for American Indian Health and three rural indigenous communities launched the "Feast for the Future," (FFF) to promote access to healthy foods and the transfer of traditional food-based knowledge from farmers/elders to youth. To assess program impact, 43 in-depth interviews were conducted with participating farmers, elders, and Community Advisory Board members. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed in Atlas.ti. Common themes from qualitative analyses included: FFF programs support farming/gardening revitalization and cultural connectedness/identity; FFF has supported positive behavior change among interviewees and their families; There is a need to revitalize traditional food systems; Farming/gardening is central to cultural identity; and Responsibility for food choices. The interviews revealed that the community-based program is perceived by key stakeholders as reaffirming cultural identity and promoting healthy eating. As a CAB member shared.


Subject(s)
American Indian or Alaska Native , Diet, Healthy , Food Preferences/ethnology , Health Promotion , Adolescent , Aged , Humans , Indians, North American , Rural Population
17.
J Nutr Educ Behav ; 52(6): 632-639, 2020 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31924560

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To describe a community-based obesity-prevention initiative that promoted cultural connectedness and traditional food revitalization and gained insight into youth participants' perspectives on the program through a photovoice methodology. METHODS: Photovoice methods were used with fourth- and fifth-grade youths (aged 9-11 years) in the US Southwest who had participated in the Feast for the Future program. A total of 44 youths from 3 communities met for 8-9 sessions; they took photos of current food environments and traditional food systems, and discussed them as well as Feast for the Future and hopes for the future, and then prepared a final presentation. Photovoice sessions were recorded, transcribed verbatim, then open coded using Atlas.ti. RESULTS: Five common themes emerged: traditional food is farmed or gardened, traditional foods are healthy, Feast for the Future supported positive connections to culture, hope for more farming or gardening for future generations, and store or less nutrient-dense food is unhealthy. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Photovoice can be an effective way to engage Indigenous youths in conversations about their culture and food environments. The findings suggest that attention to revitalizing traditional food systems and supporting cultural connectedness may be an effective approach to obesity prevention in tribal communities, although future research would be needed to assess the impact of the intervention on obesity rates.


Subject(s)
Feeding Behavior/ethnology , Gardening/education , Health Promotion/methods , Indians, North American/ethnology , Pediatric Obesity , Child , Community-Based Participatory Research , Female , Humans , Male , Pediatric Obesity/ethnology , Pediatric Obesity/prevention & control , Southwestern United States
18.
J Cancer Educ ; 34(4): 647-653, 2019 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29569143

ABSTRACT

Culturally relevant health promotion is an opportunity to reduce health inequities in diseases with modifiable risks, such as cancer. Alaska Native people bear a disproportionate cancer burden, and Alaska's rural tribal health workers consequently requested cancer education accessible online. In response, the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium cancer education team sought to create a framework for culturally relevant online learning to inform the creation of distance-delivered cancer education. Guided by the principles of community-based participatory action research and grounded in empowerment theory, the project team conducted a focus group with 10 Alaska Native education experts, 12 culturally diverse key informant interviews, a key stakeholder survey of 62 Alaska Native tribal health workers and their instructors/supervisors, and a literature review on distance-delivered education with Alaska Native or American Indian people. Qualitative findings were analyzed in Atlas.ti, with common themes presented in this article as a framework for culturally relevant online education. This proposed framework includes four principles: collaborative development, interactive content delivery, contextualizing learning, and creating connection. As an Alaskan tribal health worker shared "we're all in this together. All about conversations, relationships. Always learn from you/with you, together what we know and understand from the center of our experience, our ways of knowing, being, caring." The proposed framework has been applied to support cancer education and promote cancer control with Alaska Native people and has motivated health behavior change to reduce cancer risk. This framework may be adaptable to other populations to guide effective and culturally relevant online interventions.


Subject(s)
Community Health Workers/education , Cultural Competency , Delivery of Health Care/standards , Education, Distance/methods , Health Education , Health Promotion , Neoplasms/prevention & control , Adolescent , Adult , Alaska/epidemiology , Community-Based Participatory Research , Female , Focus Groups , Humans , Indians, North American , Information Dissemination , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasms/epidemiology , Online Systems , Rural Population , Surveys and Questionnaires , Young Adult
19.
Prog Community Health Partnersh ; 12(1): 65-72, 2018.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29606694

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: A mobile grocery (MoGro) was developed through a partnership with community stakeholders, community advisory boards (CABs), Rick and Beth Schnieders, and the Johns Hopkins Center for American Indian Health (JHCAIH). MoGro provided access to subsidized healthy foods, with complementary events, including fitness activities and cooking classes. OBJECTIVES: MoGro is an innovative approach to promoting food security. METHODS: Within a community-based participatory action research (CPBAR) framework, the JHCAIH and partners designed and administered household surveys at baseline and 3 months after MoGro's launch. A randomly selected 20% of households participated at each timepoint. RESULTS: About 75% of respondents indicated that MoGro had changed the foods they purchased, and 68% reported that MoGro had changed how their families ate. After MoGro's launch, food availability increased significantly and food insecurity decreased. CONCLUSIONS: The evaluation documented MoGro's impact in the community; high self-reported positive changes, significant increases in food availability, and decreases in food insecurity.


Subject(s)
Community-Based Participatory Research/organization & administration , Diet, Healthy/ethnology , Food Supply/methods , Health Promotion/organization & administration , Indians, North American , Consumer Behavior , Humans , Socioeconomic Factors , Southwestern United States
20.
J Community Health ; 43(4): 660-666, 2018 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29368103

ABSTRACT

To address a desire for timely, medically-accurate cancer education in rural Alaska, ten culturally-relevant online learning modules were developed, implemented, and evaluated with, and for, Alaska's Community Health Aides/Practitioners (CHA/Ps). The project was guided by the framework of Community-Based Participatory Action Research, honored Indigenous Ways of Knowing, and was informed by Empowerment Theory. Each learner was invited to complete an end-of-module evaluation survey. The survey asked about changes in intent to share cancer information with patients as a result of the module. In 1 year, August 1, 2016-July 31, 2017, 459 surveys were completed by 79 CHA/Ps. CHA/Ps reported that, because of the modules, they felt more knowledgeable about cancer, and more comfortable, confident, and prepared to talk about cancer with their patients, families, and communities. All learners shared that because of the modules, they intended to talk with their patients more often about cancer screenings, tobacco cessation, physical activity, or nutrition. These findings suggest that the application of this collaboratively developed, culturally-relevant, health promotion intervention has supported increased CHA/P capacity and intent to interact with patients about cancer. In the words of a learner: "Doing all these courses makes me a ton times more comfortable in talking about cancer with anyone. I didn't know too much about it at first but now I know a whole lot. Thank you".


Subject(s)
Community Health Workers/education , Education, Distance/organization & administration , Health Promotion/organization & administration , Neoplasms/epidemiology , Primary Prevention/organization & administration , Adult , Alaska , Clinical Competence , Cultural Competency , Early Detection of Cancer , Female , Humans , Intention , Internet , Male , Middle Aged , Rural Population , Surveys and Questionnaires , Young Adult
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