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3.
Artif Organs ; 46(9): 1866-1875, 2022 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35451088

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Failure to mature the fistula in patients undergoing hemodialysis leads to prolonged use of the central venous catheter (CVC) and can compromise the patency of the catheter and the arteriovenous fistula (AVF) due to thrombus development. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate hemostatic changes in patients undergoing hemodialysis with prolonged use of CVC or AVF. METHOD: Cross-sectional study with a total of 200 adult participants who were divided into the following groups: I:control; II: patients who had 5-8 months of CVC insertion; III: patients who had 9-36 months of insertion; IV patients who had 5-8 months of AVF; and V: patients who had 9-36 months of AVF. Platelet activation was investigated by expressions of GPIIb/IIIa and p-selectin using flow cytometry. The Elisa-thrombomodulin (TM) test was used to compare groups III and V. RESULTS: The p-selectin percentage expression of group I was 15.30 (12.30-16.80), II 23.25 (20.75-30.55); and III 54.00 (44.75-59.29) were significant (p < 0.001). Groups I, IV, and V were also significant (p < 0.001). The median fluorescence for GPIIb/IIIa for groups I, II, and III were significant (p < 0.0001). As for the Elisa test, an increased absorbance of TM was verified in patients who used the CVC 4372 (3951-4733) compared with those patients who used the AVF 2162 (1932-2485) (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that CVC patients had a larger platelet expression of GPIIb/IIIa and p-selectin than AVF patients. The high concentration of TM in CVC patients may suggest a greater stimulation of the intrinsic than extrinsic coagulation pathways.


Subject(s)
Arteriovenous Fistula , Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical , Central Venous Catheters , Hemostatics , Kidney Failure, Chronic , Adult , Arteriovenous Fistula/etiology , Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical/adverse effects , Central Venous Catheters/adverse effects , Cross-Sectional Studies , Humans , Kidney Failure, Chronic/etiology , P-Selectin , Renal Dialysis/adverse effects
4.
Nursing (Ed. bras., Impr.) ; 24(275): 5582-5591, abr.-2021.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1224402

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Os sentidos da Educação Permanente em Saúde promovem significados e atribuições distintas. O objetivo geral do estudo foi analisar os sentidos da Educação Permanente em Saúde atribuídos pelas enfermeiras de um hospital infantil localizado na região sul do Brasil. Método: A abordagem do estudo foi qualitativa e, a coleta de dados, ocorreu mediante entrevistas individuais realizadas com nove participantes que integram um hospital infantil de referência. As categorias de análise foram compostas nos eixos: perfil das enfermeiras atuantes e Educação Permanente em Saúde pautada no Quadrilátero da Formação. Resultados: Os resultados indicam um perfil de enfermeira com média de idade de 40 anos, levando em consideração que apenas 33,3% participam mensalmente das formações em Educação Permanente em Saúde com discussão de temas relacionados à gestão e à assistência. Conclusão: A pesquisa contribui para as discussões a respeito da sensibilização dos profissionais enfermeiros quanto aos sentidos do trabalho e a essência do cuidado à profissão.(AU)


Objective: To analyze the meanings of work attributed to nurses at a children's hospital located in southern Brazil. Method: The study approach was qualitative and the data collection occurred through individual interviews with nine participants. The analysis categories were composed in the following axes: profile of the active nurses and Permanent Education in Health based on the Quadrilátero da Formação. Conclusion: The results indicate a nurse profile with an average age of 40 years and that only 33.3% participate monthly in Permanent Health Education with discussion of topics related to management and care. Considerations: The research contributes to the discussions regarding the awareness of nursing professionals regarding the meanings of work and the essence of care for the profession.(AU)


Objetivo: Analizar los significados del trabajo atribuidos a los enfermeros en un hospital infantil ubicado en el sur de Brasil. Método: El enfoque del estudio fue cualitativo y la recolección de datos se realizó a través de entrevistas individuales con nueve participantes. Las categorías de análisis se compusieron en los siguientes ejes: perfil de las enfermeras activas y Educación Permanente en Salud con base en el Quadrilátero da Formação. Conclusión: Los resultados indican un perfil de enfermero con una edad promedio de 40 años y que solo el 33,3% participa mensualmente en Educación Permanente en Salud con discusión de temas relacionados con la gestión y el cuidado. Consideraciones: La investigación contribuye a las discusiones sobre la concienciación de los profesionales de enfermería sobre los significados del trabajo y la esencia del cuidado para la profesión.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Education, Continuing , Education, Nursing, Continuing , Health Human Resource Training , Nurses , Health Education , Data Collection , Qualitative Research , Hospitals
5.
Sci Rep ; 8(1): 16151, 2018 11 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30385829

ABSTRACT

Hevea brasiliensis is a native hyperdiverse tree species in the Amazon basin with great economic importance since it produces the highest quality natural rubber. H. brasiliensis, in its natural habitat, may harbor fungal endophytes that help defend against phytopathogenic fungi. In this work, we investigated the fungal endophytic communities in two pristine areas in Eastern Amazon (Anavilhanas National Park - ANP and Caxiuanã National Forest - CNF) at different spatial scales: regional, local, individual (tree), and intra-individual (leaflet). Using a culture-based approach, 210 fungal endophytes were isolated from 240 sampling units and assigned to 46 distinct MOTUs based on sequencing of the nrITS DNA. The community compositions of the endophytomes are different at both regional and local scales, dominated by very few taxa and highly skewed toward rare taxa, with many endophytes infrequently isolated across hosts in sampled space. Colletotrichum sp. 1, a probably latent pathogen, was the most abundant endophytic putative species and was obtained from all individual host trees in both study areas. Although the second most abundant putative species differed between the two collection sites, Clonostachys sp. 1 and Trichoderma sp. 1, they are phylogenetically related (Hypocreales) mycoparasites. Thus, they probably exhibit the same ecological function in the foliar endosphere of rubber tree as antagonists of its fungal pathogens.


Subject(s)
Ecology , Endophytes/genetics , Hevea/microbiology , Phylogeny , Biodiversity , Brazil , DNA, Fungal/genetics , Ecosystem , Endophytes/pathogenicity , Fungi/genetics , Fungi/pathogenicity , Hevea/genetics , Mycobiome/genetics , Plant Leaves/genetics , Plant Leaves/microbiology
6.
Ciênc. cuid. saúde ; 15(4): 701-707, Out.-Dez. 2016.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-974895

ABSTRACT

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo consistiu em descrever a experiência de mães no cuidado e convívio com um filho com esquizofrenia. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, baseado no interacionismo simbólico. A coleta de dados foi conduzida por meio de entrevista aberta, individual, realizada com 11 mães de indivíduos com diagnóstico de esquizofrenia. As informações recolhidas foram organizadas e submetidas à Análise Temática. A partir dos relatos das mães identificaramse quatro categorias: "O lidar com o desconhecido"; "A descoberta do diagnóstico e início do tratamento"; "O desdobramento da vivência com o filho com esquizofrenia"; e "A experiência em ser mãe de um filho com esquizofrenia". Nota-se a dificuldade das mães em lidar com o transtorno do filho, tanto pelos seus sintomas quanto pelo acesso aos serviços de saúde. Assim, faz-se necessário que a assistência seja pautada pela visão holística do ser humano, incorporando a família nos cuidados, propiciando melhores prognósticos e a diminuição do sofrimento enfrentado.


RESUMEN El objetivo de este estudio fue describir la experiencia de madres en el cuidado y convivencia con un hijo con esquizofrenia. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo, basado en el Interaccionismo Simbólico. La recolección de datos se realizó a través de entrevista abierta, individual, realizada con 11 madres de individuos con diagnóstico de esquizofrenia. Se organizaron las informaciones recogidas y luego fueron sometidas al Análisis Temático. A partir de los relatos de las madres fueron identificadas cuatro categorías: "El lidiar con lo desconocido"; "El descubrimiento del diagnóstico e inicio del tratamiento"; "El despliegue de vivir con el hijo con esquizofrenia"; y "La experiencia de ser madre de su hijo". Se percibe la dificultad de las madres de lidiar con el trastorno del hijo, tanto por sus síntomas, como por el acceso a los servicios de salud. Por lo tanto, es necesario que la atención sea basada en la visión holística del ser humano, incorporando a la familia en los cuidados, ofreciendo un mejor pronóstico y la disminución del sufrimiento enfrentado.


ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to describe the experience of being the mother of an individual with schizophrenia. It is a qualitative study based on symbolic interactionism. Data collection was conducted through an open, single interview with 11 mothers of people diagnosed with schizophrenia. The information collected was organized and then submitted to the Thematic Analysis. From the mothers' reports, four moments were identified: "The dealing with the unknown"; "The discovery of diagnosis and initiation of treatment"; "The unfolding of the experience with the child with schizophrenia"; and "The experience of being a mother of a Schizophrenic individual". It isnoted the difficulty of mothers in dealing with the disorder of the child, both for their symptoms and for access to health services. That way, it is necessary that the assistance be based on the holistic view of the human being, incorporating the family in the care, providing better prognosis and reducing the suffering.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Schizophrenia , Parenting , Mental Disorders , Mother-Child Relations , Signs and Symptoms , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy , Diagnosis , Symbolic Interactionism , Life Change Events
7.
Acta amaz ; 46(3): 315-322, 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1455306

ABSTRACT

Geopropolis, a mixture of plant resin, wax, soil and salivary secretion, is produced by the stingless bee Melipona fasciculata. This aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of geopropolis collected from beehives in two phytogeographical regions, flooded fields and cerrado, in the municipalities of Palmeirândia and Fernando Falcão, Maranhão State, northeastern Brazil. The geopropolis compounds were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Additionally, total phenolic content was determined with the FolinCiocalteu reagent and antioxidant activity was evaluated in vitro by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The four geopropolis samples varied in terms of total phenolic content and antioxidant activity and the highest values were observed for geopropolis from Fernando Falcão. Triterpenes such as cycloartane, ursane and oleanane and phenolic acids (protocatechuic acid and gallic acid) were identified in the geopropolis from Palmeirândia, while the phenolic acids, gallic and ellagic acid were the main compounds in geopropolis from Fernando Falcão. The antioxidant property of geopropolis is due to its high total phenolic content and predominance of gallic acid and ellagic acid. The results showed that the plant resources in two phytogeographical regions of Maranhão used by bees for the production of geopropolis contribute to the chemical composition and bioactivity of this product.


Geoprópolis, uma mistura de resinas vegetais, cera, terra e secreção salivar, produzida pela abelha sem ferrão Melipona fasciculata. Este estudo investigou a composição química e a atividade antioxidante da geoprópolis coletada em colmeias em duas regiões fitogeográficas de campos alagados e de cerrado, nos municípios de Palmeirândia e Fernando Falcão, no Estado do Maranhão, Nordeste do Brasil. Os compostos da geoprópolis foram identificados por cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrometria de massas (CG/EM). Foram determinados os teores de fenólicos totais pelo reagente de FolinCiocalteu, e atividade antioxidante utilizando o ensaio in vitro com 2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazil (DPPH) e capacidade redutora do ferro (FRAP). As quatro amostras de geoprópolis apresentaram variações no teor de fenólicos totais e atividade antioxidante, as geoprópolis de Fernando Falcão, apresentaram maiores teores. Nas geoprópolis do município de Palmeirândia foram identificados, triterpenos do tipo cicloartano, ursano e oleanano e ácidos fenólicos (ácido protocatecuico e ácido gálico), enquanto que na geoprópolis de Fernando Falcão, ácidos fenólicos, ácido gálico e elágico foram os principais constituintes. A propriedade antioxidante da geoprópolis pode ser atribuída aos altos teores de fenólicos totais e de ácido gálico e elágico. Os resultados demonstram que as fontes vegetais das duas regiões fitogeográficas do Maranhão, Brasil, utilizadas pelas abelhas para a produção da geoprópolis contribuem para a composição química e bioatividade deste produto.


Subject(s)
Polyphenols/analysis , Polyphenols/chemistry , Triterpenes , Bees , Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
8.
J Agric Food Chem ; 62(12): 2549-57, 2014 Mar 26.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24571707

ABSTRACT

Geopropolis is a mixture of plant resins, waxes, and soil produced by the stingless bee Melipona fasciculata Smith. This paper describes the antioxidant activity and chemical composition of geopropolis produced by M. fasciculata. The total phenolic content determined with the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent was highest in the ethyl acetate fraction and hydroalcoholic extract. Antioxidant activity was assayed by the in vitro DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. The hydroalcoholic extract and fractions of geopropolis, except for the hexane fraction, exhibited antioxidant activity against DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP. The phenolic compounds were identified by HPLC-DAD-MS on the basis of the evaluation of their UV-vis absorption maxima (λmax) and mass spectral analysis. Eleven compounds belonging to the classes of phenolic acids and hydrolyzable tannins (gallotannins and ellagitannins) were tentatively identified. These compounds are responsible for the antioxidant activity and high phenolic content of geopropolis produced by M. fasciculata.


Subject(s)
Antioxidants/analysis , Bees/metabolism , Hydrolyzable Tannins/analysis , Hydroxybenzoates/analysis , Propolis/chemistry , Animals , Antioxidants/metabolism , Bees/chemistry , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Hydrolyzable Tannins/metabolism , Hydroxybenzoates/metabolism , Mass Spectrometry , Propolis/metabolism
9.
PLoS One ; 8(3): e58872, 2013.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23516566

ABSTRACT

Protein malnutrition (PM) results in pathological changes that are associated with peripheral leukopenia, bone marrow (BM) hypoplasia and alterations in the BM microenvironment leading to hematopoietic failure; however, the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. In this context, the BM mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are cells intimately related to the formation of the BM microenvironment, and their differentiation into adipocytes is important because adipocytes are cells that have the capability to negatively modulate hematopoiesis. Two-month-old male Balb/c mice were subjected to protein-energy malnutrition with a low-protein diet containing 2% protein, whereas control animals were fed a diet containing 12% protein. The hematopoietic parameters and the expression of CD45 and CD117 positive cells in the BM were evaluated. MSCs were isolated from BM, and their capability to produce SCF, IL-3, G-CSF and GM-CSF were analyzed. The expression of PPAR-γ and C/EBP-α as well as the expression of PPAR-γ and SREBP mRNAs were evaluated in MSCs together with their capability to differentiate into adipocytes in vitro. The malnourished animals had anemia and leukopenia as well as spleen and bone marrow hypoplasia and a reduction in the expression of CD45 and CD117 positive cells from BM. The MSCs of the malnourished mice presented an increased capability to produce SCF and reduced production of G-CSF and GM-CSF. The MSCs from the malnourished animals showed increased expression of PPAR-γ protein and PPAR-γ mRNA associated with an increased capability to differentiate into adipocytes. The alterations found in the malnourished animals allowed us to conclude that malnutrition committed MSC differentiation leading to adipocyte decision and compromised their capacity for cytokine production, contributing to an impaired hematopoietic microenvironment and inducing the bone marrow failure commonly observed in protein malnutrition states.


Subject(s)
Adipogenesis , Bone Marrow Cells/pathology , Hematopoiesis , Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism , Mesenchymal Stem Cells/pathology , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/metabolism , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/pathology , Adipocytes/metabolism , Adipocytes/pathology , Animals , Body Weight , CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins/metabolism , Diet , Dietary Proteins/metabolism , Eating , Fibroblasts/pathology , Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/biosynthesis , Interleukin-3/biosynthesis , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , PPAR gamma/genetics , PPAR gamma/metabolism , Serum Albumin/metabolism , Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Proteins/genetics
10.
Horiz. enferm ; 21(2): 11-22, 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1177595

ABSTRACT

El sistema de Salud Brasilero busca una nueva práctica en salud, incorporando las ideas de la Promoción de la Salud como estrategia fundamental. Como las prácticas de la promoción de la salud deben desarrollarse en todos los ámbitos del Sistema, preocupa como se vienen expresando en los Consejos Municipales Gestores de la salud, espacios participativos decisivos de las Políticas de Salud. Investigación cualitativa, donde se verifica en que medida los discursos/acciones/deliberaciones de los Consejos Gestores de Salud y de Derechos de los Adultos Mayores de un Municipio del Sur de Brasil, se aproximan a las ideas de la Promoción de la salud. Se realiza análisis cualitativo de discurso de las actas de reuniones de los años 2005-2006 de estos consejos. Se privilegian dos ejes recomendados en la Carta de Ottawa: Políticas Públicas Saludables y Reorientación de los Servicios de Salud. La discusión sobre Políticas Públicas Saludables, es prácticamente inexistente en las reuniones. La reorientación de los servicios de salud tampoco es mencionada. La mayoría de los registros se refieren a la acreditación de los servicios de asistencia médica secundaria o terciaria y los discursos y acciones relativos a atención primaria son prácticamente inexistentes. Se concluye que los discursos y prácticas en estos consejos municipales están distantes de las ideas de la Promoción de la Salud, aun cuando constatamos algunos cambios. El consejo discute sobre deshumanización en la asistencia en salud y acoge la política de estrategia de salud de la familia, recién implantada. En el Consejo de Derechos de los adultos mayores, aun cuando se percibe preocupación por la calidad de atención hay un fuerte sesgo de asistencialismo en las acciones, lo que genera dependencia en prejuicio de la autonomía de los sujetos.


O Sistema de Saúde Brasileiro busca uma nova prática de saúde, incorporando o ideário da Nova Promoção da Saúde, como estratégia fundamental. Como as práticas decorrentes devem adentrar todos os âmbitos do Sistema, preocupa-nos como vêm se expressando nos conselhos gestores municipais, espaços participativos decisórios de Politicas de Saúde. Tratou-se de pesquisa qualitativa, verificando em que medida discursos/ações/deliberações dos Conselhos Gestores da Saúde e de Direitos do Idoso, em um município do sul brasileiro se aproximam do ideário da Promoção da Saúde. Realizou-se análise qualitativa de atas de reuniöes dos anos 2005-2006, destes dois conselhos. Privilegiamos neste recorte dois eixos recomendados pela Carta de Ottawa/Canadá: Políticas Públicas Saudáveis e Reorientação dos Serviços de Saúde. A discussão sobre Politicas Püblicas praticamente inexiste nos fóruns. A Reorientação dos Serviços também é pouco mencionada nestes espaços; a maioria dos registros está relacionada ao credenciamento de serviços de assistência médica secundaria e terciária; os discursos e ações relativos à atençao primária são praticamente inexistentes. Concluindo, os discursos/práticas nesses conselhos estão distantes do ideário de Promoção, embora constatemos algumas mudanças: o Conselho de Saúde discute a desumanização na assistência à saúde e acolhe a política de Estratégia de Saude da Família, recém implantada como uma via de sua qualificação. No Conselho de Direitos dos Idosos, embora se perceba preocupação com a qualidade da assistência há um forte viés de "assistencialismo" nas açães, o que gera dependência e solapa a autonomia dos individuos.


Subject(s)
Primary Health Care , Public Health , Health Policy , Health Promotion , Brazil , Social Participation
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